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EC number: 203-012-6 | CAS number: 102-19-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- Experimental test result performed using standard test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Acetone
- Details on test solutions:
- The stock solution 20 g/l was prepared by dissolving colourless liquid in acetone. Test solutions of required concentrations were prepared by mixing the stock solution of the test sample with reconstituted test water.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: Straus
- Source: Own breeding at University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): The animals used for the test shall be less than 24 h old and should not be first brood progeny
- Feeding during test: No feeding
ACCLIMATION - No data available
- Acclimation period:
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not):
- Type and amount of food:
- Feeding frequency:
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- ± 1 hr
- Test temperature:
- 20±1°C
- pH:
- Sample at concentration 20 mg/l: 7.9 changes to 7.7 during test
control: 7.8 changes to 7.6 during test
Control + acetone: 7.7 did not change suring test - Dissolved oxygen:
- higher than 7.9 mg/L at the end of test
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 0, 1.2, 2.4, 5, 10 and 20 mg/l
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 ml glass vessel
- fill volume: 25 ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
Natural water (surface or ground water), reconstituted water or dechlorinated tap water are acceptable as culturing and dilution water if D. magna survives in it for the duration of the culturing, acclimation and testing without showing signs of stress. Waters in the range pH 6 to pH 9, with hardness between 140 mg/l and 275 mg/l (as CaCO3) are recommended.
As an example, the preparation of dilution water meeting the requirements is described below.
Dissolve known quantities of reagents in water. The dilution water prepared shall have a pH of 7.8 ± 0.5, a hardness of (225 ± 50) mg/l (expressed as CaCO3), a molar Ca + Mg ratio close to 4 + 1 and a dissolved oxygen concentration above 7 mg/l.
Prepare the solutions specified below:
- Calcium chloride solution: Dissolve 117.6 g of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2.2H2O) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Magnesium sulfate solution: Dissolve 49.3 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4.7H2O) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Sodium bicarbonate solution: Dissolve 25.9 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Potassium chloride solution: Dissolve 2.3 g of potassium chloride (KCI) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
Mixing
Mix 2.5 ml of each of the four solutions and make up to 1 l with water.
The dilution water shall be aerated until the dissolved oxygen concentration has reached saturation and the pH has stabilized. If necessary, adjust the pH to 7.8 ± 0.5 by adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution or hydrochloric acid (HCI). The dilution water prepared in this way shall not be further aerated before use.
- Sodium hydroxide solution, e.g. [NaOH] : 1 mol/l.
- Hydrochloric acid, e.g. [HCl] : 1 mol/l.
Reference substance:
Dissolve 600 mg of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in water and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no adjustment done
- Photoperiod: No - Darkness
- Light intensity:
CALCULATION:
EC50 was calculated using non linear regression by the software Prism 4.0 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 7.71 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % CI 6.7 mg/l to 8.4 mg/l
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid
- EC50: 0.76 mg/L (24 hours) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC50 was calculated using non linear regression by the software Prism 4.0
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the immobility of Daphnia magna due to the chemical exposure of test chemical for 48 hours, the EC50 was measured to be 7.71 mg/l.
- Executive summary:
Aim of this study was to assess the short term toxicity of test chemical to aquatic invertebrates Daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs. The stock solution 20 g/l was prepared in acetone. 0, 0, 1.2, 2.4, 5, 10 and 20 mg/l concentrations were used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0.
The median effective concentration (EC50) of the test substance on Daphnia magna was determined to be 7.71 mg/L on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the EC50 value, substance consider is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrate and can be classified as aquatic chronic 2 category as per the CLP classification criteria.
Reference
Description of key information
Aim of this study was to assess the short term toxicity of test chemical to aquatic invertebrates Daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs. The stock solution 20 g/l was prepared in acetone. 0, 0, 1.2, 2.4, 5, 10 and 20 mg/l concentrations were used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. The median effective concentration (EC50) of the test substance on Daphnia magna was determined to be 7.71 mg/L on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the EC50 value, substance consider is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrate and can be classified as aquatic chronic 2 category as per the CLP classification criteria.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 7.71 mg/L
Additional information
Various studies available for the test chemical and structurally and functionally similar read across chemical were reviewed to determine the toxic nature of test chemical on the mobility of invertebrates. The studies are as mentioned below:
Aim of this study was to assess the short term toxicity of test chemical to aquatic invertebrates Daphnia magna. Study was performed according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test) in a static system for the total exposure period of 48 hrs. The stock solution 20 g/l was prepared in acetone. 0, 0, 1.2, 2.4, 5, 10 and 20 mg/l concentrations were used in the study. Effects on immobilisation were observed for 48 hours. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was also run simultaneously. After the exposure of chemical, effect concentration EC50 was calculated using nonlinear regression by the software Prism 4.0. The median effective concentration (EC50) of the test substance on Daphnia magna was determined to be 7.71 mg/L on the basis of mobility inhibition effects in a 48 hour study. Based on the EC50 value, substance consider is likely to be hazardous to aquatic invertebrate and can be classified as aquatic chronic 2 category as per the CLP classification criteria.
Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilization Test according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for test chemical. The test solution was prepared by dissolving 1 g of the test substance in 1 L of ADaM’s media. Kept it for 72 hrs stirring, after stirring stock was analytically detected, the solubility of stock in adams media was determined to be 316.102 mg/L. This stock solution was used for further test concentrations of 6.25 mg/L, 12.5 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 50 mg/L, and 100 mg/L and test Daphnia magna were exposed to these concentration for 48 hours. The median lethal concentration (EC50) for test chemical on Daphnia magna in a 48 hours study on the basis of immobilization effect was observed to be 6.25 mg/l. Test consider to be valid because it meets the criteria as per the OECD guideline. First in the control, including the control containing the solubilising agent, not more that 10 percent of the daphnids should have been immobilized. Secondly the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test should be 3 mg/l in control and test vessels. Thus, on the basis of this EC50 value and according to CLP criteria for aquatic classification of the substance, it is concluded that the substance, does exhibit short term toxicity to Daphnia and consider to be toxic and classified as aquatic chronic 2 as per the CLP classification criteria.
Similar Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilization study according to OECD Guideline 203 was conducted for test chemical. 6.25 mg/L, 12.5 mg/L, 25 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L respectively concentrations were used in the study and test Daphnia magna were exposed to these concentration for 48 hours. The median lethal concentration (EC50) for test chemical on Daphnia magna in a 48 hours study on the basis of immobilization effect was observed to be 6.25 mg/l. Test consider to be valid because it meets the criteria as per the OECD guideline. First in the control, including the control containing the solubilising agent, not more that 10 percent of the daphnids should have been immobilized. Secondly the dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test should be 3 mg/l in control and test vessels. Thus, on the basis of this EC50 value and according to CLP criteria for aquatic classification of the substance, it is concluded that the substance, does exhibit short term toxicity to Daphnia and consider to be toxic and classified as aquatic chronic 2 as per the CLP classification criteria.
Thus based on the above studies and effects observations on the invertebrate due to the chemical exposure for 48 hours, chemical consider to be toxic and classified in aquatic chronic 2 category as per the CLP classification criteria.
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