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EC number: 413-090-5 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 03 May 2007 - 10 August 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 305 (Bioconcentration: Flow-through Fish Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable. - Radiolabelling:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- Analytical Procedure – Analysis of Samples
Fish samples from the biological test [2 control fish and 4 fish of the test solution (concentration 1 mg/L) at the end (after 168h)] were prepared
according to the above described procedure (analytical procedure without test item).
During the uptake phase the water characteristics as temperature, dissolved oxygen, TOC and pH were measured. Analytical monitoring in both water and fish samples was carried out using a HPLC-method. On day two, five and seven, 4 fish were taken from the control and the test item concentration 1 mg/L and stored deep frozen at -70°C. After 168 hours of exposure 2 control fish and 4 fish of the test item concentration 1 mg/L were analysed. As all values were below the limit of quantification (17.9 μg/g fish fresh-weight) none of the earlier fish samples was analysed. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation of test solutions, spiked fish food or sediment:
- See above "Details on Analytical Methods".
- Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- Test species
Name : Zebra fish (Danio rerio)
Source : Aqua KlöGer (Germany)
Date of birth : August-October 2006
Date supplied : 2007-02-13
Mortalities during
acclimatisation period : < 5 %
Medication : none
Mean standard length
(n = 20) : 3.35 cm (S.D. = 0.16 cm)
Mean loading (n = 20) : 0.75 g fish/L
Keeping conditions
Max. 500 animals were held in 100 L chambers in synthetic fresh water with about 5 volume replacements per day at 22 ± 2 °C
Fish were fed throughout on a sufficient diet (Tetra Min® commercial fish food ground) at least once a day, occasionally supplemented by live Daphnia and frozen bloodworms (Chironomus larvae). Temperature was measured daily; dissolved oxygen concentration and pH was measured once a week.
Mortalities were recorded daily, dead and/or diseased fish were discarded. If necessary, chambers were cleaned from faeces and food residues. Once a week, glass of chambers was cleaned thoroughly
Holding and dilution water
Synthetic fresh water was prepared in accordance with ISO 7346-1 (1996):
Water quality – Determination of the acute lethal toxicity of substances to a fresh-water fish [Brachydanio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan (Teleostei,
Cyprinidae)]-Part 1: Static method
Stock solutions of the following substances were prepared:
The corresponding amounts of the solutions were added to deionised water of a constant quality to achieve a concentration of
294.0 mg/L CaCl2 • 2 H2O
123.3 mg/L MgSO4 • 7 H2O
63.0 mg/L NaHCO3
5.5 mg/L KCL
Since the keeping water was of constant quality, the composition of the ions, acidity and hardness was determined every 3 months. Once a year
determinations of heavy metals, pesticides and chloride aromatics was carried out. This freshly prepared standard keeping water was used for both, the maintenance of the test animals under flow-through conditions and the preparation of stock and test solutions of the test item. - Route of exposure:
- aqueous
- Test type:
- flow-through
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Total exposure / uptake duration:
- 168 h
- Hardness:
- The hardness of the dilution water used was 15.9 °dH (= 283.8 mg/L CaCO3) in the control and 15.6 °dH (= 278.5 mg/L CaCO3) in the system with test item.
- Test temperature:
- The temperature was in the range of 20 – 25 °C at beginning of the test and did not vary by more than ± 2 °C.
- pH:
- 7.8 - 8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- The dissolved oxygen concentration was > 60% of the air-saturation value throughout the study.
- TOC:
- < 2 mg/l
- Salinity:
- Not applicable.
- Details on test conditions:
- Exposure conditions
Test vessels : glass aquaria holding 40 L of test media
Experimental design : 1 test concentration plus 1 control 40 animals per test concentration/control flow-through system (frequency of water renewal: about 6 times per day).
Method of initiation : animals were placed in prepared media
Loading : 0.1 – 1 g fish (wet weight) per litre test medium
Photoperiod : 16 h light: 8 h dark
Temperature : mean < +/- 2 °C (in the temperature
range 20 – 25 °C)
Aeration : gentle aeration via narrow glass tubes
Test item concentration/s : 1 mg/L
Medium renewal : flow-through system
Duration of Uptake phase: 168 hours
Food and feeding rate : Tetra Min® fish food, ground (8% lipid, 48% raw protein, 2% fibre, raw ash 11%, water 6%)
2 % of wet weight per day, supplied in 2 portions daily (10.00 a.m., 2.00 p.m.)
Parameters measured during the test :
- temperature and dissolved oxygen values were measured at the beginning of the test and every 24 hours thereafter
- pH was measured once a week
- mortality was recorded every 24 hours.
- analysis of the test item in each test system and in fish
- analysis of the lipid content of fish at test start and end
- at the end of the test the fish was weighed and the length was measured
Dosing system
The test was run under constant flow-through conditions. The stock solution of the test item and the synthetic fresh water were dosed into a mixing chamber with a volume of 0.8 L by means of membrane pumps. From this mixing chamber, the test solution was directly introduced into the test vessel. The control vessel received synthetic fresh water only, the flow rate being the same as in the test vessel.
The flow rates of the pumps were checked daily during the acclimation phase (except on weekends) and daily during the uptake phase. - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1 mg/l
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
- The bioconcentration factor was calculated as the ratio of concentration in the whole fish (Cf) and in the water (Cw) at steady-state (BCFss) according to equation (1):
BCFss = Cf / Cw (1)
The bioconcentration factor referring to the lipid content at steady-state (BCFss) was calculated according to equation (2):
BCFss wet weight / lipid content * 100 = BCFss lipid content (2)
BCFss wet weight : BCF referring to wet weight
lipid content : mean value of lipid content [%] at each test concentration
BCFss lipid content: BCF referring to the lipid content - Lipid content:
- 15.3 %
- Time point:
- end of exposure
- Remarks on result:
- other: BCFss referring to lipid content of wet weight < 117
- Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- < 17.9 dimensionless
- Basis:
- total lipid content
- Time of plateau:
- 168 h
- Calculation basis:
- steady state
- Remarks on result:
- other: The BCF determinations referring to the lipid content confirmed that REAKTIV GELB F68072 FW does not have a potential for bioconcentration.
- Remarks:
- Conc.in environment / dose:1 mg/l
- Details on kinetic parameters:
- Not measured.
- Metabolites:
- Not measured.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable.
- Details on results:
- Test concentration [mg/L]: 1
Mean value of lipid content [%] 15.3
BCFSS referring to: lipid content of wet weight <117
Compared with the nominal concentration of 1 mg/L it can be concluded that the BCF was < 17.9 and that Reaktiv Gelb F68072 FW does not have a
significant bioaccumulation potential.
See tabulated data below. - Reported statistics:
- None.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- On the basis of the fact that the BCF was < 17.9, Reaktiv Gelb F68072 FW does not have a significant bioaccumulation potential.
- Executive summary:
A study was performed to assess the bioconcentration potential Reaktiv Gelb F68072 FW in fish.
The study was conducted in agreement with the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) and, with adaptations, according to the general provisions of OECD TG 305 – Bioconcentration: Flow-through Fish Test (June 1996). This guideline
describes a procedure for characterising the bioconcentration potential of items in fish under flow-through conditions.
During the uptake phase of the test, a group (n= 40) of Danio rerio was exposed to Reaktiv Gelb F68072 FW at a nominal concentration of 1 mg/L. The test concentration was based on the outcome of an acute fish test using the same test
species with a LC50of > 100 mg/L. Recoveries for the test item concentration in water during the 7 d uptake phase according to analytical HPLC determinations were between 134.4 and 144.0 %. Fat content of fish was 13.2 % at the beginning of the
test and 17.3 % at the end of the test.
After an exposure period of 168 h (with a LOQ of 17.9 μg/g fish fresh-weight) no test item could be detected in the fish. Thus the test was ended without depuration phase.
Compared with the nominal concentration of 1 mg/L it can be concluded that the BCF was < 17.9 and that Reaktiv Gelb F68072 FW does not have a significant bioaccumulation potential.
Reference
ABIOTIC PARAMETERS Acclimation phase
Test item concentration [mg/L]: Control
Day |
Date 2007 |
Temperature [°C] |
Oxygen [mg/L] |
Oxygen [% saturation] |
pH-value |
TOC [mg/L] |
Comments |
-6 |
05-03 |
22.8 |
8.4 |
98 |
7.9 |
— |
none |
-5 |
05-04 |
22.9 |
8.5 |
99 |
— |
— |
none |
-4 |
05-05 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
-3 |
05-06 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
-2 |
05-07 |
23.0 |
8.3 |
96 |
8.0 |
< 2 |
none |
-1 |
05-08 |
22.8 |
8.5 |
100 |
— |
— |
none |
Comments: The acclimation phase was run without fish.
ABIOTIC PARAMETERS AND MORTALITY : Uptake phase
Test item concentration [mg/L]: Control
Day |
Date |
Temperature |
Oxygen |
PH value |
TOC |
|
Mortality |
|
|
|
2007 |
[°C] |
[mg/L] |
[% saturation] |
|
[mg/L] |
absolute |
cumulative |
cumulative [%] |
0 |
05-09 |
22.7 |
8.5 |
99 |
8.0 |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
05-10 |
22.7 |
8.5 |
98 |
— |
< 2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
05-11 |
22.8 |
8.2 |
97 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
05-12 |
22.9 |
8.3 |
98 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
05-13 |
22.9 |
8.2 |
98 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
05-14 |
22.9 |
8.5 |
100 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
05-15 |
22.8 |
8.3 |
97 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
05-16 |
22.8 |
8.4 |
98 |
7.9 |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Comments:Loading rate at test start was 40 animals (total wet weight: 14.1 g)
Acclimation phase
Test item concentration [mg/L]: 1
Day |
Date 2007 |
Temperature [°C] |
Oxygen [mg/L] |
Oxygen [% saturation] |
pH-value |
TOC [mg/L] |
Comments |
-6 |
05-03 |
23.1 |
8.4 |
99 |
7.9 |
— |
none |
-5 |
05-04 |
23.1 |
8.4 |
99 |
— |
— |
none |
-4 |
05-05 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
-3 |
05-06 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
-2 |
05-07 |
23.5 |
8.3 |
97 |
8.0 |
< 2 |
none |
-1 |
05-08 |
23.2 |
8.6 |
101 |
— |
— |
none |
Comments: The acclimation phase was run without fish.
Uptake phase
Test item concentration [mg/L]: Control
Day |
Date |
Temperature |
Oxygen |
pH value |
TOC |
|
Mortality |
|
|
|
2007 |
[°C] |
[mg/L] |
[% saturation] |
|
[mg/L] |
absolute |
cumulative |
cumulative [%] |
0 |
05-09 |
23.2 |
8.4 |
99 |
8.0 |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
05-10 |
23.1 |
8.4 |
99 |
— |
< 2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
05-11 |
23.2 |
8.2 |
98 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
05-12 |
23.4 |
8.2 |
98 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
05-13 |
23.4 |
8.3 |
98 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5 |
05-14 |
23.4 |
8.5 |
101 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
6 |
05-15 |
23.2 |
8.3 |
98 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
05-16 |
23.2 |
8.3 |
98 |
7.8 |
— |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Comments:Loading rate at test start was 40 animals (total wet weight: 14.7 g)
TEST RESULTS - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN WATER (Cw) Acclimation phase
Test item concentration [mg/L]: Control
Hour |
Day |
Date |
Control mediu HPLC values |
m(Cw)[mg/L] mean |
-44 |
2 |
2007-05-07 |
< 0.060/<0.060 |
< 0.060 |
-41 |
2 |
2007-05-07 |
< 0.060/<0.060 |
< 0.060 |
-24 |
1 |
2007-05-08 |
< 0.060/<0.060 |
< 0.060 |
Comments:none
TEST RESULTS - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN WATER (Cw) Acclimation Phase:
Test item concentration [mg/L]: Control
Hour |
Day |
Date |
Test medium (Cw) [mg/L] |
|
|
|
|
HPLC values |
mean |
-44 |
2 |
2007-05-07 |
1.532/ 1.540 |
1.536 |
-41 |
2 |
2007-05-07 |
1.461 / 1.460 |
1.461 |
-24 |
1 |
2007-05-08 |
1.240/ 1.257 |
1.249 |
Comments:none
Test item concentration [mg/L]: 1
Hour |
Day |
Date |
Test medium (Cw) [mg/L] |
|
|
|
|
HPLC values |
mean |
-44 |
2 |
2007-05-07 |
1.532/ 1.540 |
1.536 |
-41 |
2 |
2007-05-07 |
1.461 / 1.460 |
1.461 |
-24 |
1 |
2007-05-08 |
1.240/ 1.257 |
1.249 |
Comments:none
TEST RESULTS - CHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN WATER (Cw) AND FISH (CF) Uptake phase
Test item concentration [mg/L]: Control
Hour |
Day |
Date |
Test item concentrations in: |
|||
control medium (Cw) [mg/L] |
control fish (Cf) [μg/g] |
|||||
HPLC Values |
Mean |
HPLC Values * |
Mean |
|||
4 |
0 |
2007-05-09 (4 h after test start) |
< 0.060/ < 0.060 |
< 0.060 |
— |
— |
24 |
1 |
2007-05-10 (24 h after test start) |
< 0.060/ < 0.060 |
< 0.060 |
— |
— |
48 |
2 |
2007-05-11 (48 h after test start) |
< 0.060/ < 0.060 |
< 0.060 |
— |
— |
52 |
2 |
2007-05-11 (52 h after test start) |
< 0.060/ < 0.060 |
< 0.060 |
— |
— |
120 |
5 |
2007-05-14 (120 h after test start) |
< 0.060/ < 0.060 |
< 0.060 |
— |
— |
124 |
5 |
2007-05-14 (124 h after test start) |
< 0.060/ < 0.060 |
< 0.060 |
— |
— |
168 |
7 |
2007-05-16 (168 h after test start) |
< 0.060/ < 0.060 |
< 0.060 |
< 17.9/ < 17.9 |
< 17.9 |
Comments:*) The above analytical values were obtained from two individual specimens.
TEST RESULTS – CHEMICAL ANALYSIS IN WATER (CW) AND FISH (CF)
Uptake phase
Test item concentration [mg/L]: 1
Hour |
Day |
Date |
Test item concentrations in: |
|||
control medium (Cw) [mg/L] |
control fish (Cf) [μg/g] |
|||||
HPLC Values |
Mean |
HPLC Values * |
Mean |
|||
4 |
0 |
2007-05-09 (4 h after test start) |
1.375/ 1.381 |
1.378 |
— |
— |
24 |
1 |
2007-05-10 (24 h after test start) |
1.442 / 1.438 |
1.440 |
— |
— |
48 |
2 |
2007-05-11 (48 h after test start) |
1.385/ 1.399 |
1.392 |
— |
— |
52 |
2 |
2007-05-11 (52 h after test start) |
1.401 / 1.390 |
1.396 |
— |
— |
120 |
5 |
2007-05-14 (120 h after test start) |
1.400/ 1.407 |
1.404 |
— |
— |
124 |
5 |
2007-05-14 (124 h after test start) |
1.355/ 1.384 |
1.370 |
— |
— |
168 |
7 |
2007-05-16 (168 h after test start) |
1.341 / 1.347 |
1.344 |
< 17.9/ < 17.9/ < 17.9/ < 17.9 |
< 17.9 |
Comments:*) The above analytical values were obtained from four individual specimens.
TOTAL WET WEIGHT AND BODY LENGTH OF TEST FISH AT THE END OF THE STUDY
Test fish |
Body length [cm] at various test concentrations [mg/L] |
|
|
Control |
1 |
1 |
3.5 |
3.5 |
2 |
3.5 |
3.0 |
3 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
4 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
5 |
3.1 |
3.5 |
6 |
3.3 |
3.4 |
7 |
3.4 |
3.3 |
8 |
3.0 |
3.2 |
9 |
3.5 |
3.4 |
10 |
3.5 |
3.4 |
Mean value of body length |
3.35 |
3.35 |
Standard deviation |
0.18 |
0.15 |
Wet weight [g] of 10 fish |
3.51 |
3.94 |
Loading [g fish/L] |
0.70 |
0.79 |
Comments:At the end of the test, ten fish were taken at random from both, the test and the control vessels in order to check their compliance with the size range recommended for the zebra fish by the OECD test guideline.
ANALYSIS OF THE LIPID CONTENT OF THE FISH
[% of wet weiqht:
Date |
Control |
Test item concentration 1 mg/L |
2007-05-09 Start of the uptake phase |
13.2 |
13.2 |
2007-05-16 End of the depuration phase |
10.7 |
17.3 |
Mean value of lipid content* |
12.0 |
15.3 |
Description of key information
On the basis of the fact that the BCF was < 17.9, Reaktiv Gelb F68072 FW does not have a significant bioaccumulation potential.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- BCF (aquatic species):
- 8 dimensionless
Additional information
A study was performed to assess the bioconcentration potential Reaktiv Gelb F68072 FW in fish.
The study was conducted in agreement with the German Federal Environment Agency (UBA) and, with adaptations, according to the general provisions of OECD TG 305 – Bioconcentration: Flow-through Fish Test (June 1996). This guideline describes a procedure for characterising the bioconcentration potential of items in fish under flow-through conditions.
During the uptake phase of the test, a group (n= 40) of Danio rerio was exposed to Reaktiv Gelb F68072 FW at a nominal concentration of 1 mg/L. The test concentration was based on the outcome of an acute fish test using the same test species with a LC50of > 100 mg/L. Recoveries for the test item concentration in water during the 7 d uptake phase according to analytical HPLC determinations were between 134.4 and 144.0 %. Fat content of fish was 13.2 % at the beginning of the test and 17.3 % at the end of the test.
After an exposure period of 168 h (with a LOQ of 17.9 μg/g fish fresh-weight) no test item could be detected in the fish. Thus the test was ended without depuration phase.
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