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EC number: 202-853-6 | CAS number: 100-44-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- The authors tested primary skin irritation with two former guideline of the US CPSC (F.H.S.A 16CFR1500.41) or the US DOT (49CFR173 appendix A) .GLP standards were not specified and only basic data was provided concerning materials and methods. Hence, this study should be considered a Klimisch 2.a, a guideline study without detailled documentation.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 975
- Report date:
- 1975
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: F.H.S.A 16CFR1500.41
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: D.O.T. 49CFR173 appendix A
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- one experiment time of exposure is 24 hours instead of four hours
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- α-chlorotoluene
- EC Number:
- 202-853-6
- EC Name:
- α-chlorotoluene
- Cas Number:
- 100-44-7
- Molecular formula:
- C7H7Cl
- IUPAC Name:
- (chloromethyl)benzene
- Reference substance name:
- chloromethylbenzene
- IUPAC Name:
- chloromethylbenzene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): benzyl chloride
No more data available
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- No data
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- not specified
- Preparation of test site:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- not specified
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 0.5 mL
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Duration of exposure 4h and 24h
- Observation period:
- 14 days at least and 17 days for the 24 hours exposure period
- Number of animals:
- No clear data but six animals may have been tested
- Details on study design:
- No data
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 4h
- Score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Remarks on result:
- other: exposure of 4h; moderate erythema
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 4h
- Score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Remarks on result:
- other: exposure of 4h; moderate edema
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24h
- Score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Remarks on result:
- other: exposure of 4h; moderate erythema
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24h
- Score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Remarks on result:
- other: exposure of 4h; moderate edema
- Irritation parameter:
- other: corrosion
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 4h, 24h, 48h, 72h and 168h, 14 d and 17 days
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Remarks on result:
- other: esposure of 24h; F.H.S.A procedure
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- In the 4 hours exposure experiment, the authors observed defatting effects and that the skin sloughed off in ten to fourteen days.Besides, they did not notice in depth injury.
In the 24 hours experiment, the autors observed loosening about edges of scab in fourteen to seventeen days showing injury in depth - Other effects:
- No data
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- corrosive
- Remarks:
- Migrated information 24h exposure Criteria used for interpretation of results: other: F.H.S.A.
- Conclusions:
- The authors tested the primary skin irritation of benzyl chloride with two different methodologies, one described in the F.H.S.A (16CFR1500.41) and one in the D.O.T (49CFR173 appendix A). After 4h of exposure in the D.O.T experiment, the New Zealand rabbits displayed at time points 4h and 24h moderate erythema and edema. In ten to fourteen days a defatting effect was observed, but no injury in depth was observed. The loosening of the edges of scabs after 17 days of exposure to benzyl chloride in the New Zealand rabbits indicated in the F.H.S.A experiment, that the test substance should be classified as corrosive according to F.H.S.A.
Based on the CLP regulation n° 1272/2008 EC, benzyl chloride should be classified as a skin irritant category 2 based on the defatting effect observed in the DOT experiment until the end of observation period (14 days). - Executive summary:
The authors tested the skin irritation properties of benzyl chloride (CAS n° 100-44-7) with two different methodologies, one described in the F.H.S.A (16CFR1500.41) and one in the D.O.T (49CFR173 appendix A). They exposed an unknown number of New Zealand rabbits to 0.5 mL of pure benzyl chloride. Presence of erythema and edema were investigated, besides apparent injury in depth of the skin.
After 4h of exposure in the D.O.T experiment, the New Zealand rabbits displayed at time points 4h and 24h moderate erythema and edema. In ten to fourteen days a defatting effect was observed, but no injury in depth was observed. No reversibility of the observed effects is reported. The loosening of the edges of scabs after 17 days of exposure to benzyl chloride in the New Zealand rabbits indicated in the F.H.S.A experiment, that the test substance should be classified as corrosive according to F.H.S.A. Based on the CLP regulation n° 1272/2008 EC, benzyl chloride should be classified as a skin irritant category 2 based on the defatting effect observed in the DOT experiment until the end of observation period (14 days).GLP standards were not specified and limited data was given concerning materials and methods as well as results. However, the study was conducted according to two former guideline from the US CPSC (F.H.S.A) and from the US D.O.T (D.O.T). Hence this study should be considered as reliable with restrictions, a Klimisch 2.a, a guideline study without detailled documentation.
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