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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 208-759-1 | CAS number: 540-84-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 982
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- - no A-T base pair tester strains included (e.g. TA102 or E.coli); limited documentation
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5100 - Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (August 1998)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- - no A-T base pair tester strains included (e.g. TA102 or E.coli); limited documentation
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
- EC Number:
- 208-759-1
- EC Name:
- 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
- Cas Number:
- 540-84-1
- Molecular formula:
- C8H18
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,2,4-trimethylpentane
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Isooctane
- Analytical purity: 100% pure commercial product
- Other: Solubility: Results suggest that a homogeneous suspension can be achieved at approximately 50 mg/mL of DMSO.
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- his-operon
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA 98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, TA1538
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- no data
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 liver microsomes from male Sprague Dawley rats treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of Aroclor 1254 5-days before sacrifice.
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 20, 60, 560, 1670, and 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
Controlsopen allclose all
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: N-methl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
- Remarks:
- positive control for TA100 and TA1535 (5 µg/plate)
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 2-nitrofluorene
- Remarks:
- positive control for TA98 and TA1538 (50 µg/plate) Migrated to IUCLID6: in absence of S9-mix
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Remarks:
- positive control for TA1537 (75 µg/plate)
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1538
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Key result
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Remarks:
- 5000 µg/plate
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other: strain/cell type: TA 98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, TA1538
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
TA98: Revertants Test
Test substance | Test 1 (without S9) | Test 2 (without S9) | Test 1 (with S9) | Test 2 (with S9) |
solvent control | 22 -26 | 22 -26 | 22 -26 | 18 -20 |
2 -Nitrofluorene | 1508 -1637 | 2131 -2282 | - | - |
2 -Aminoanthracene | - | - | 2213 -2247 | 1913 -2020 |
7 µg/plate 2,2,4 -trimethylpentane | - | 15 -27 | - | 24 -46 |
20 µg/plate 2,2,4 -trimethylpentane | 140 -191 | 19 -23 | 145 -206 | 29 -31 |
60 µg/plate 2,2,4 -trimethylpentane | 112 -124 | 19 -26 | 64 -117 | 24 -33 |
190 µg/plate 2,2,4 -trimethylpentane | 37 -55 | 19 -24 | 17 -28 | 12 -25 |
Retest (test 2) of TA98 without and with S9 at dose levels for 7, 20 and 60 µg/plate evidenced no difference from solvent controls.
Observed 5 -10 fold increase of TA98 revertants without and with S9 at 20 and 60 µg/plate in initial test was not confirmed in retest of TA98 without and with S9 at dose levels 7, 20 and 60 µg/plate.
In all experiments, no increase in revertants for other frame shift strains (TA1537 and TA 1538) was observed. Therefore the in test 1 observed genotoxic effects of 2,2,4 -trimethylpentane in strain TA 98 were rather false positive.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results::
negative
Under the test conditions, the experimental compound, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, did not exhibit a positive response and is, therefore, considered not be mutagenic in this system. - Executive summary:
Under the test conditions, the experimental compound, 2,2,4 -trimethylpentane, did not exhibit a positive response and is, therefore, considered not be mutagenic in this system.
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