Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 232-221-5 | CAS number: 7790-76-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin irritation: In accordance with the testing strategy detailed in Annex VIII, column 1 of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 the assessment of the endpoint ‘skin irritation or skin corrosion’ has been performed following the consecutive steps detailed in the Regulation. As such an in vitro skin corrosion study has been performed. This study is not considered as the key study because it is not sufficient for classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP) and is therefore submitted as supporting data. The key study (Warren N, 2012) is conducted according to an appropriate validated in vitro guideline and under the conditions of GLP and therefore the study is considered to be acceptable and to adequately satisfy both the guideline requirement and the regulatory requirement as a key study for this endpoint. In addition, the data is considered to be adequate and reliable for classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP).
Eye irritation: In accordance with the testing strategy detailed in Annex VIII, column 1 of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 an ex-vivo study has been performed prior to conducting an in vivo study. The in vivo study is sufficient for classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP) and is therefore selected as the key study.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- The study was performed between 06 November 2012 and 12 November 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no or minor deviations from standard test guidelines and/or minor methodological deficiencies, which do not affect the quality of the relevant results. This study is conducted according to an appropriate validated in vitro guideline and under the conditions of GLP and therefore the study is considered to be acceptable and to adequately satisfy both the guideline requirement and the regulatory requirement as a key study for this endpoint. In addition, the data is considered to be adequate and reliable for classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP).
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Date of inspectection: 10 July 2012 Date of Signature: 07 September 2012
- Species:
- other: reconstituted human epidermis model
- Strain:
- other: reconstituted human epidermis model
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Not applicable
- Type of coverage:
- other: Topical
- Preparation of test site:
- other: Not applicable
- Vehicle:
- other: No vehicle used
- Controls:
- other: not applicable
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- The test Material was applied neat.
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit):
Approximately 10 mg of the test item was applied to the epidermis surface. The epidermis surface had previously been moistened with 5 μl of sterile distilled water to improve contact between the solid test item and the epidermis.
- Concentration (if solution):
The test material was used as supplied.
VEHICLE
No vehicle used - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 15 minute exposure & 42 hour post-exposure incubation
- Observation period:
- Not applicable
- Number of animals:
- Not applicable
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure:
Approximately 10 mg of the test item was applied to the epidermis surface. The epidermis surface had previously been moistened with 5 μl of sterile distilled water to improve contact between the solid test item and the epidermis.
- % coverage:
The test material was applied topically to the corresponding tissues ensuring uniform covering.
- Type of wrap if used:
None used
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done):
At the end of the exposure period, each tissue was removed from the well using forceps and rinsed using a wash bottle containing DPBS with Ca++ and Mg++. Rinsing was achieved by filling and emptying each tissue insert for approximately 40 seconds using a constant soft stream of PBS to gently remove any residual test material. The rinsed tissues were transferred to the second column of 3 wells containing 2 ml of maintenance medium in each well. The rinsed tissues were incubated at 37ºC, 5% CO2 in air for 42 hours.
- Time after start of exposure:
15 minutes post-exposure
SCORING SYSTEM:
Quantitative MTT Assessment (percentage tissue viability)
For the test material the relative mean tissue viabilities obtained after the 15 minute treatment followed by the 42 hour post-exposure incubation period were compared to the mean of the negative control treated tissues (n=3). The relative mean viabilities were calculated in the following way:
mean OD540 of test material / mean OD540 of negative control x 100 = Relative mean tissue viability (percentage of negative control)
Classification of irritation potential is based upon relative tissue viability following the 15 minute exposure period followed by the 42 hour post-exposure incubation period according to the following:
Mean tissue viability is ≤50% : H315, Category 2
Mean tissue viability is >50% : Non-Irritant (NI) - Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- other: other: Viability of cells
- Value:
- 112.2
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Basis: mean Viability of cells (%). Time point: Day 6. Max. score: 100.0. Reversibility: other: Not applicable. Remarks: See relative mean viability below.. (migrated information)
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- The relative mean viability of the test material treated tissues was 112.2% after a 15-minute exposure.
- Other effects:
- No
- Interpretation of results:
- not irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The test material was considered to be Non-Irritant (NI).
This study is conducted according to an appropriate validated in vitro guideline and under the conditions of GLP and therefore the study is considered to be acceptable and to adequately satisfy both the guideline requirement and the regulatory requirement as a key study for this endpoint. In addition, the data is considered to be adequate and reliable for classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP). Dicalcium pyrophosphate is not considered to be classified in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP).
Reference
RESULTS
Direct MTT Reduction
The MTT solution containing the test material did not turn blue which indicated that the test material did not directly reduce MTT.
Test Material, Positive Control Material and Negative Control Material
The individual and mean OD540 values, standard deviations and tissue viabilities for the test material, negative control material and positive control material are given in Table 1. The mean viabilities and standard deviations of the test material and positive control, relative to the negative control are also given in Table 1.
The relative mean viability of the test material treated tissues was 112.2% after a 15 minute exposure.
The MTT solution containing the test item did not turn blue which indicated that the test item did not directly reduce MTT.
Quality Criteria
The relative mean tissue viability for the positive control treated tissues was 5.4% relative to the negative control treated tissues and the standard deviation value of the percentage viability was 8.2%. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.
The mean OD540 for the negative control treated tissues was 0.697. The negative control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.
The standard deviation calculated from individual percentage tissue viabilities of the three identically treated tissues was 9.4%. The test item acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.
Table1 : Mean OD540 Values and Percentage Viabilities for the Negative Control Material, Positive Control Material and Test Material
Material |
OD540of tissues |
Mean OD540of triplicate tissues |
±SDof OD540 |
Relative individual tissue viability (%) |
Relative mean viability (%) |
± SD of Relative mean viability (%) |
Negative Control Material ⊕ |
0.728 |
0.697 |
0.057 |
104.4 |
100* |
8.2 |
0.631 |
90.5 |
|||||
0.732 |
105.0 |
|||||
Positive Control Material ⊕ |
0.032 |
0.038 |
0.015 |
4.6 |
5.4 |
2.2 |
0.055 |
7.9 |
|||||
0.026 |
3.7 |
|||||
Test Material |
0.855 |
0.782 |
0.065 |
122.7 |
112.2 |
9.4 |
0.729 |
104.6 |
|||||
0.761 |
109.2 |
SD= Standard deviation
*= The mean viability of the negative control tissues is set at 100%
⊕ = Control group shared with Harlan Laboratories Ltd, Project numbers 41205083, 41205113, 41205120, 41205125, 41205128 and 41205133
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- The study was performed between 02 January 2013 and 10 January 2013.
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Study conducted in compliance with agreed protocols, with no minor deviations from standard test guidelines and no minor methodological deficiencies. This study is conducted according to an appropriate validated in vitro guideline and under the conditions of GLP and therefore the study is considered to be acceptable and to adequately satisfy both the guideline requirement and the regulatory requirement as a key study for this endpoint. In addition, the data is considered to be adequate and reliable for classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP).
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Date of GLP inspection: 10 July 2012; Date of Signature on GLP certificate: 30 November 2012
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- other: New Zealand White (Hsdlf:NZW)
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan UK Ltd., Leicestershire, UK.
- Age at study initiation: Twelve to twenty weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: 2.61 or 2.93 kg
- Housing: The animals were individually housed in suspended cages. The animals were provided with environmental enrichment items which were considered not to contain any contaminant of a level that might have affected the purpose or integrity of the study.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum (2030C Teklad Global Rabbit diet supplied by Harlan Laboratories UK Ltd, Oxon, UK)
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum.
- Acclimation period: At least five days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 17 to 23°C
- Humidity (%): 30 to 70%
- Air changes (per hr): At least fifteen changes per hour
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): Twelve hours continuous light (06:00 to 18:00) and twelve hours darkness
IN-LIFE DATES:
From: day 1 To:day 3 - Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: The left eye remained untreated and was used for control purposes.
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 100 mg of the test material was placed into the conjunctival sac of the right eye, formed by gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball.
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit):Not applicable
- Concentration (if solution):Not applicable
- Lot/batch no. (if required):Not applicable
- Purity: Not applicable - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Up to 21 days (test item was not removed from the eyes).
- Observation period (in vivo):
- Assessment of ocular damage/irritation was made approximately 1 hour and 24, 48 and 72 hours following treatment. Additional observations were made on Days 7, 14 and 21 to assess the reversibility of the ocular effects.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 2 animals were tested in total. (After consideration of the ocular responses produced in the first treated animal, one additional animals was treated).
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Not applicable
- Time after start of exposure: Not applicable
INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS
The numerical values corresponding to each animal, tissue and observation time were recorded. The data relating to the conjunctivae were designated by the letters A (redness), B (chemosis) and C (discharge), those relating to the iris designated by the letter D and those relating to the cornea by the letters E (degree of opacity) and F (area of cornea involved). For each tissue the score was calculated as follows:
Score for conjunctivae = (A + B + C) * 2
Score for iris = D * 5
Score for cornea = (E * F) * 5
Using the numerical data obtained a modified version of the system described by Kay JH and Calandra J C (1962), J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem. 13, 281-289 (see below) was used to classify the ocular irritancy potential of the test item. This was achieved by adding together the scores for the cornea, iris and conjunctivae for each time point for each rabbit. The group means of the total scores for each observation were calculated. The highest of these group means (the maximum group mean score) together with the persistence of the reactions enabled classification of the eye irritancy potential of the test item.
If evidence of irreversible ocular damage is noted, the test item will be classified as corrosive to the eye.
The results were also interpreted according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures. - Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- 72824 Male
- Time point:
- other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: No effects observed
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Remarks:
- 72839 Male
- Time point:
- other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: No effects observed
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- 72824 Male
- Time point:
- other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.25
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 24 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Remarks:
- 72839 Male
- Time point:
- other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.25
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 24 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- 72824 Male
- Time point:
- other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.5
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Remarks:
- 72839 Male
- Time point:
- other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.5
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- 72824 Male
- Time point:
- other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Remarks:
- 72839 Male
- Time point:
- other: Mean 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.75
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Individual and group mean scores for ocular irritation are given in Table 1 and Table 2.
No corneal effects were noted during the study.
Iridial inflammation was noted in both treated eyes one hour after treatment.
Moderate conjunctival irritation was noted in one treated eye and minimal conjunctival irritation was noted in the other treated eye one hour after treatment. Minimal conjunctival irritation noted in both treated eyes at the 24-hour observation.
Both treated eyes appeared normal at the 48-hour observation. - Other effects:
- Individual bodyweights and bodyweight changes are given in Table 3.
Both animals showed expected gain in bodyweight during the study. - Interpretation of results:
- not irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The test item does not meet the criteria for classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures.
This study is conducted according to the appropriate guidelines (OECD 405) and under the conditions of GLP and therefore the study is considered to be acceptable and to adequately satisfy both the guideline requirement and the regulatory requirement for REACH (Regulation (EC) No.1907/2006) as a key study for this endpoint. Study is sufficient for classification and labelling purposes, in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP).
Reference
Table 1. Individual Score and Individual Total Scores for Ocular Irritation
Rabbit Number and Sex |
72824 Male |
72839 Male |
||||||
IPR = 1 |
IPR = 2 |
|||||||
Time After Treatment |
1 |
24 |
48 |
72 |
1 |
24 |
48 |
72 |
CORNEA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Degree of Opacity |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Area of Cornea Involved |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
IRIS |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
CONJUNCTIVAE |
|
|
|
|
||||
Redness |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
Chemosis |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
Discharge |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
IPR = Initial pain reaction
Table 2. Individual bodyweights and bodyweight changes
Rabbit number and sex |
Individual bodyweight (kg) |
Bodyweight change (kg) |
|
72824 Male |
Day 0 |
Day 3 |
0.07 |
2.93 |
3.00 |
||
72839 Male |
Day 0 |
Day 21 |
0.07 |
2.61 |
2.68 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
This study has been selected as the key study in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) because the results are sufficient in order to derive a reliable conclusion on classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP). No effects are noted.
Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
This study has been selected as the key study in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH) because the results are sufficient in order to derive a reliable conclusion on classification and labelling in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP).
Justification for classification or non-classification
SKIN IRRITATION: No classification is proposed for skin irritation in accordance with Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 (EU CLP). This conclusion is based on reliable (Klimisch 1) and adequate data and as such no further testing is anticipated.
EYE IRRITATION: Study not scientifically justified according to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH), Annex XI, Section 2: testing is technically not possible. According to the relevant OECD guideline (OECD 114) a study cannot be conducted on a substance that is a solid at room temperature, as dicalcium pyrophosphate is solid at room temperature no study is necessary.
There are no data to suggest that dicalcium pyrophosphate is irritating to the respiratory tract.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.