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EC number: 286-304-6 | CAS number: 85204-10-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: According to international guideline(s), GLP-compliant, performed in recognized contract research organization, no restrictions, fully adequate for assessment.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.1010 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test, Freshwater Daphnids)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Chemical Substance Control Law 1973, amended 2009 under the reference of YAKUSHOKHATSU No. 1121002, SEIKYOKU No.2 and KANPOKIHATSU No. 021121002 and partially amended 2006 as the joint ordinance of Japanese METI, MHLW and MOE
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: nominal 100 , 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25 mg/L and control
- Sampling intervals: start and end of the renewal periods
- Sampling method: samples were taken from flasks containing no animals
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: no storage prior to analysis - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
The highest test concentration of 100 mg/L and dilutions thereof were prepared in test medium. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: National Institute of Public Health, 1097 Budapest Gyáli u. 2-6. Hungary. The Daphnia are bred in-house.
- Age at study initiation: < 24 h
- Feeding during test: none
ACCLIMATION
None; the same medium (ISO medium according to the OECD and EC guidelines) was used for breeding and tests. The health of the stock animals is continuously monitored by visual daily checking. Abnormal behavior or significant decrease of population is recorded. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 249 mg/L as CaCO3 (calculated)
- Test temperature:
- 20.8-21.3 °C
- pH:
- 7.48-7.54
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 7.4-7.6 mg O2/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentrations: 100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 mg/L
freshly prepared test media:103-126% of nominal
aged test media (24 h): 111-137% of nominal (101-128% of initially measured)
The analytically measured concentrations deviated more than 20% from the nominal values in some cases, thus the biological results are based on the geometric mean measured concentrations: 114.3, 56.4, 28.0, 15.1, and 8.0 mg/L (112-128% of nominal) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: open glass beakers containing approx. 25 mL medium
- Aeration: none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: at least 5 mL medium per animal
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: deionised water
- Ca/Mg ratio: 4:1
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: water temperature, oxygen concentration and pH in the controls and the test solutions were measured at the beginning and at the end of each renewal period.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16-hour light and 8-hour dark cycle
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : number of immobilised animals and percentage of immobility at 24 and 48 hours
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.0
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: nominal100, 10, 1, and 0.1 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 20 and 10% immobility after 48 hours at 100 and 10 mg/L,respectively; no immobility at the lower test concentrations - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 114 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 28 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 56 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Number and percentage of immobiliosed daphnids: see Table 1
- Behavioural abnormalities: none
- Mortality of control: none
- Other adverse effects control: none
- Abnormal responses: none - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- 24-hour EC50: 0.98 mg/L (95% confidence limits. 0.92-1.06 mg/L) - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The 24-hour EC50 could not be calculated because of the lack of toxic effects. The 48-hour EC50 value was determined by Probit analysis using TOXSTAT software.
The 24-hour EC50, the 48-hour EC100, the LOEC and NOEC values were determined directly from the raw data. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- In the control, no Daphnia have been immobilised or trapped at the surface of the water. The dissolved oxygen concentration at the end of the test was > 3 mg/L in control and test vessels.
- Conclusions:
- The results indicate that the test material is not toxic to daphnia (48-h EC50 > 100 mg/L).
Reference
Table 1: Number and percentage of immobilised daphnids
Concentration (mg/L) * |
Cumulative number of immobile Daphnia |
|||||||||||
24 hours |
48 hours |
|||||||||||
R1 |
R2 |
R3 |
R4 |
total |
% |
R1 |
R2 |
R3 |
R4 |
total |
% |
|
Control |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
8.0 (6.25) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
15.1 (12.5) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
28.0 (25) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
56.4 (50) |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
20 |
114.3 (100) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
20 |
*: geometric mean measured (nominal)
R: replicate number, 5 daphnids per replicate
Description of key information
48-h EC50 >100 mg/L for Daphnia magna (OECD 202, EU C.2)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 100 mg/L
Additional information
The results indicate that the test material is not toxic to daphnia up to the highest concentration required by the test guidelines and thus a PNEC cannot be determined.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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