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EC number: 833-005-9 | CAS number: 1003218-33-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Jun 04,2020 - Aug 20, 2020
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- All loading rates and the control were analytically verified via GC MS at the start (0 hours) and at the end of the exposure (72 hours) with algae.
At the start, samples were taken from one additional replicate of the test item loading rate and the control and at the end samples were taken from pooled replicates. - Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- water
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
A saturated solution with a nominal loading rate of 10.0 mg test item/L was prepared once at room temperature 96 ± 1 hour prior to the start of the exposure. An appropriate amount of the test item was weighed out. The test item was applied onto a glass slide. The glass slide with the test item was inserted into a glass bottle with an appropriate amount of dilution water (see Table 2). The saturated solution was stirred for 96 ± 1 hour (1100 rpm, room temperature). After a separation phase of 1 hour (at room temperature), the saturated solution was removed by siphoning (from the approximate middle of the glass flask). The saturated solution was be checked via laser beam (Tyndall effect) for undissolved test item. The Tyndall effect was negative.
Dilution levels of the saturated solution were tested in a geometric series with a dilution factor of 1.78: 9.96 - 17.7 - 31.6 - 56.2 - 100% of the saturated solution, corresponding to the geometric mean measured test item concentration of 11.9 – 22.6 – 39.7 – 70.6 – 119 µg/L. The dilution levels are based on the results of a preliminary range finding test (non-GLP).
The control solution was prepared without test item following the same method as specified for the saturated solution. Six replicates (without test item) were tested under the same test conditions as the test item replicates. Potassium dichromate was tested as a reference item - Test organisms (species):
- Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- Test organism: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata HINDÁK CCAP 278/4 (axenic)
Origin:
Sammlung von Algenkulturen (SAG), Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- 46 mg CaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 21 - 24 °C
- pH:
- 7.4 - 8.1
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- geometric mean measured test item concentration of 11.9 – 22.6 – 39.7 – 70.6 – 119 µg/L
nominal: 9.96 - 17.7 - 31.6 - 56.2 - 100% of the saturated solution - Details on test conditions:
- The study was performed as a static test in open vessels under culture conditions. The flasks contained 100 mL either reconstituted water or test medium (test item group).
The duration of exposure was 72 hours. The algal biomass in each flask was determined daily during the exposure period via Chlorophyll a-fluorescence.
Microscopic evaluation of the cells at the start and at the end of the incubation period was carried out. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 119 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: above the water solubility limit of the pure substance
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 119 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: above the water solubility limit of the pure substance
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 119 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: above the water solubility limit of the pure substance
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The toxicity of potassium dichromate (SIGMA ALDRICH, batch number MKBV0900V, purity 99.0%, CAS RN 7778-50-9) to the unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined over a period of 72 hours from 2020-04-20 to 2020-04-23. The reference item toxicity is in the valid range which was established by calculation of the average of the historic reference data since 2006, and the limits were set using the threefold standard deviation of these values.
ErC50 = 1.12 mg/L, EyC50 = 0.59 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EC50-values for inhibition of growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 hours above 119 μg/L and thus above the water saturation limit concentration of the pure test material, respectively.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 and EC10 value (based on growth rate) of the test material is thus clearly above the water solubility of the pure substance corresponding to a nominal concentration of 100 mg test item/L (cf. OECD 201).
- Executive summary:
The toxicity of the test material to the unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined according to the principles of OECD 201 and Council Regulation (EC) No. 266/2016/Method C.3.
The aim of the study was the determination of the effects on growth rate and yield over a period of 72 hours.
The study was conducted under static conditions with an initial cell density of 5375 cells/mL. A saturated solution with a nominal loading rate of 10.0 mg test item/L was prepared once 96 ± 1 hour prior to the start of the exposure. An appropriate amount of the test item was weighed out and applied onto a glass slide. The glass slide with the test item was inserted into a glass bottle with an appropriate amount of dilution water. The saturated solution was stirred for 96 ± 1 hour (1100 rpm, room temperature) with a magnetic stirrer. After a separation phase of 1 hour (at room temperature), the saturated solution was removed by siphoning (from the approximate middle of the glass flask). The saturated solution was checked via laser beam (Tyndall effect) for undissolved test item. The Tyndall effect was negative.
The original saturated solution and further 4 dilution levels in a geometrical series with a dilution factor of 1.78 were tested: 9.96 - 17.7 - 31.6 - 56.2 - 100% of the saturated solution, corresponding to the geometric mean measured test item concentration of 11.9 – 22.6 – 39.7 – 70.6 – 119 µg/L.
Three replicates were tested for each test item concentration and six replicates for the control. The environmental conditions were within the acceptable limits.
The concentrations of the test item were analytically verified via GC-MS at the start (0 hours) and at the end of the exposure (72 hours) in all loading rates and in the control.
All effect values given are based on the geometric mean measured test item concentrations. For results, please refer to Table below:
Growth Rate Inhibition
[µg/L]NOEC
≥ 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
LOEC
> 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
ErC10
> 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
ErC20
> 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
ErC50
> 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
Yield Inhibition
[µg/L]
NOEC
≥ 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
LOEC
> 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
EyC10
78.1 (not applicable)
EyC20
> 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
EyC50
> 119 (nominal 100 mg/L)
Reference
Cell Densities
Geometric mean measured test item concentration |
Replicate |
Cell density [cells/mL] |
|||
[µg/L] |
No. |
0 hours |
24 hours |
48 hours |
72 hours |
119 |
1 |
5375 |
17001 |
123342 |
804243 |
2 |
5375 |
2692 |
32510 |
795251 |
|
3 |
5375 |
18318 |
143572 |
1040334 |
|
Mean |
5375 |
12670 |
99808 |
879943 |
|
70.6 |
1 |
5375 |
18069 |
130663 |
955496 |
2 |
5375 |
19779 |
136723 |
974946 |
|
3 |
5375 |
19562 |
125869 |
1001873 |
|
Mean |
5375 |
19137 |
131085 |
977438 |
|
39.7 |
1 |
5375 |
19547 |
114257 |
863229 |
2 |
5375 |
19867 |
124804 |
1092039 |
|
3 |
5375 |
20588 |
146355 |
1237964 |
|
Mean |
5375 |
20001 |
128472 |
1064411 |
|
22.6 |
1 |
5375 |
19366 |
137813 |
1034225 |
2 |
5375 |
17658 |
124813 |
908629 |
|
3 |
5375 |
19230 |
123210 |
869680 |
|
Mean |
5375 |
18751 |
128612 |
937511 |
|
11.9 |
1 |
5375 |
19503 |
144039 |
1125221 |
2 |
5375 |
20855 |
144576 |
1053040 |
|
3 |
5375 |
18853 |
146961 |
1230585 |
|
Mean |
5375 |
19737 |
145192 |
1136282 |
|
Control |
1 |
5375 |
20156 |
134665 |
1016534 |
2 |
5375 |
19699 |
121021 |
961409 |
|
3 |
5375 |
19853 |
128596 |
990145 |
|
4 |
5375 |
20280 |
134294 |
852869 |
|
5 |
5375 |
23425 |
138360 |
1274910 |
|
6 |
5375 |
22098 |
165385 |
1177463 |
|
Mean |
5375 |
20919 |
137054 |
1045555 |
Evaluation after 72 hours
Geometric mean measured test item concentration |
Replicate |
Growth rate |
Inhibition of growth rate |
Yield |
Inhibition of yield |
||
[mg/L] |
No. |
[d-1] |
[%] |
[cells/mL] |
[%] |
||
119 |
1 |
|
1.67 |
5 |
|
798868 |
23 |
2 |
|
1.67 |
5 |
|
789876 |
24 |
|
3 |
|
1.76 |
0 |
|
1034959 |
1 |
|
Mean |
(-) |
1.70 |
3 |
(-) |
874568 |
16 |
|
70.6 |
1 |
|
1.73 |
2 |
|
950121 |
9 |
2 |
|
1.73 |
1 |
|
969571 |
7 |
|
3 |
|
1.74 |
1 |
|
996498 |
4 |
|
Mean |
(-) |
1.73 |
1 |
(-) |
972063 |
7 |
|
39.7 |
1 |
|
1.69 |
3 |
|
857854 |
18 |
2 |
|
1.77 |
-1 |
|
1086664 |
-4 |
|
3 |
|
1.81 |
-3 |
|
1232589 |
-19 |
|
Mean |
(-) |
1.76 |
0 |
(-) |
1059036 |
-2 |
|
22.6 |
1 |
|
1.75 |
0 |
|
1028850 |
1 |
2 |
|
1.71 |
3 |
|
903254 |
13 |
|
3 |
|
1.70 |
3 |
|
864305 |
17 |
|
Mean |
(-) |
1.72 |
2 |
(-) |
932136 |
10 |
|
11.9 |
1 |
|
1.78 |
-2 |
|
1119846 |
-8 |
2 |
|
1.76 |
0 |
|
1047665 |
-1 |
|
3 |
|
1.81 |
-3 |
|
1225210 |
-18 |
|
Mean |
(-) |
1.78 |
-2 |
(-) |
1130907 |
-9 |
|
Control |
1 |
|
1.75 |
|
1011159 |
||
2 |
|
1.73 |
|
956034 |
|||
3 |
|
1.74 |
|
984770 |
|||
4 |
|
1.69 |
|
847494 |
|||
5 |
|
1.82 |
|
1269535 |
|||
6 |
|
1.80 |
|
1172088 |
|||
Mean |
|
1.75 |
|
1040180 |
Section-by-Section and Average Specific Growth Rates of the Control Group (0 - 72 hours)
|
Replicate No. |
Specific growth rate [d-1] |
Mean (0 - 72 hours) |
SD ± |
CV |
Mean CV [%] |
||
section-by-section |
||||||||
0 - 24 hours |
24 - 48 hours |
48 - 72 hours |
||||||
Control |
1 |
1.32 |
1.90 |
2.02 |
1.75 |
0.374 |
21.39 |
20.7 |
2 |
1.30 |
1.82 |
2.07 |
1.73 |
0.394 |
22.79 |
||
3 |
1.31 |
1.87 |
2.04 |
1.74 |
0.384 |
22.09 |
||
4 |
1.33 |
1.89 |
1.85 |
1.69 |
0.313 |
18.56 |
||
5 |
1.47 |
1.78 |
2.22 |
1.82 |
0.377 |
20.66 |
||
6 |
1.41 |
2.01 |
1.96 |
1.80 |
0.332 |
18.50 |
||
|
|
|
Mean |
1.75 |
|
|
||
|
|
|
SD ± |
0.05 |
|
|||
|
|
|
CV [%] |
2.76 |
|
SD = Standard deviation CV =
Coefficient of variation
Environmental conditions
Geometric mean measured test item concentration |
pH-values |
|||
[mg/L] |
Start; 0 hours |
End; 72 hours |
||
119 |
7.65 |
7.41 |
||
70.6 |
7.66 |
7.48 |
||
39.7 |
7.79 |
7.56 |
||
22.6 |
7.88 |
7.59 |
||
11.9 |
7.91 |
7.81 |
||
Control |
7.99 |
8.07 |
||
Room temperature [°C]: |
min.: 22 |
max.: 23 |
mean value: 22.5 |
|
Light intensity |
n = 18 |
mean value: 5057 range of the measured values: 4512 to 5524 equalling -10.8 to 9.23% |
CV [%]: 6.83% |
|
CV = Coefficient of
variation n = number of measuring points
Water Quality parameters
Parameters of the dilution water (measured on 2020-04-27) |
||||
Conductivity [µS/cm] |
Total hardness [mg CaCO3/L] |
Acidity [mmol/L] |
Alkalinity [mmol/L] |
Total organic carbon [mg C/L] |
154 |
46 |
0.2 |
0.5 |
< LOQ* |
*Limit of quantification = 2.00 mg C/L
Measured Concentrations and Percent of Initial of the Test Item
Sampling date |
Fresh media, 0 hours |
Old media, 72 hours |
Geometric mean measured concentration of the test item [µg/L] |
[%] |
Test Item |
||
Meas. conc. [µg/L] |
Meas. conc. [µg/L] |
||
100 |
172 |
81.8 |
119 |
56.2 |
98.2 |
50.8 |
70.6 |
31.6 |
52.4 |
30.1 |
39.7 |
17.7 |
29.6 |
17.2 |
22.6 |
9.96 |
16.9 |
8.33 |
11.9 |
Control |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
Description of key information
In the OECD 201 assay performed for this compound, no effects on Daphnia magna were observed up to the saturated solution of the test item.
The EC50 and EC10 value for inhibition of growth rate after 72 hours were > 119 mg/L (geometric mean measured) corresponding to a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The toxicity of the test material to the
unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was
determined according to the principles of OECD 201 and Council
Regulation (EC) No. 266/2016/Method C.3.
The aim of the study was the determination of the effects on growth rate
and yield over a period of 72 hours.
The study was conducted under static
conditions with an initial cell density of 5375 cells/mL. A saturated
solution with a nominal loading rate of 10.0 mg test item/L was prepared
once 96 ± 1 hour prior to the start of the exposure. An appropriate
amount of the test item was weighed out and applied onto a glass slide.
The glass slide with the test item was inserted into a glass bottle with
an appropriate amount of dilution water. The saturated solution was
stirred for 96 ± 1 hour (1100 rpm, room temperature) with a magnetic
stirrer. After a separation phase of 1 hour (at room temperature), the
saturated solution was removed by siphoning (from the approximate middle
of the glass flask). The saturated solution was checked via laser beam
(Tyndall effect) for undissolved test item. The Tyndall effect was
negative.
The original saturated solution and further
4 dilution levels in a geometrical series with a dilution factor of 1.78
were tested: 9.96 - 17.7 - 31.6 - 56.2 - 100% of the saturated solution,
corresponding to the geometric mean measured test item concentration of
11.9 – 22.6 – 39.7 – 70.6 – 119 µg/L.
Three replicates were tested for each test item concentration and six
replicates for the control. The environmental conditions were within the
acceptable limits.
The concentrations of the test item were analytically verified via GC-MS
at the start (0 hours) and at the end of the exposure (72 hours) in all
loading rates and in the control.
No adverse effects were observed up to the saturated solution. The EC50 and EC10 value for inhibition of growth rate after 72 hours were > 119 mg/L (geometric mean measured) corresponding to a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L.
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