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EC number: 245-728-1 | CAS number: 23552-74-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2015-09-29 to 2015-10-08
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: well performed OECD study with GLP
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 221 (Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3,3'-[(9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1,4-anthrylene)diimino]bis[N-cyclohexyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulphonamide]
- EC Number:
- 245-728-1
- EC Name:
- 3,3'-[(9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-1,4-anthrylene)diimino]bis[N-cyclohexyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulphonamide]
- Cas Number:
- 23552-74-1
- Molecular formula:
- C44H52N4O6S2
- IUPAC Name:
- 3,3'-[(9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,4-diyl)diimino]bis(N-cyclohexyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonamide)
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Preparation of the saturated solution
The saturated solution (100 mg/L test item were weighed out) was prepared with dilution water one day prior to the start of the exposure.
Treatment
The test item was dispersed in the dilution water by stirring with approximately 1100 rpm for 24 hours at room temperature. After completion of stirring, the test item dispersion was filtered with a membrane filter (0.45 µm, RC, MACHEREY-NAGEL) to achieve the saturated solution.
Test concentration
One limit concentration was tested. The limit concentration is based on the results of a preliminary range finding test.
Control
Six replicates (without test item) were tested under the same test conditions as the test vessels.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Lemna gibba
- Details on test organisms:
- Test organism
Duckweed, Lemna gibba G3, Lemnaceae, Arales, Arecidae, Monocotyledonae
Young, rapidly growing plants without visible lesions or discoloration (chlorosis) were used for the test.
Reason for the selection of the test organism
According to the guideline Lemna gibba is a suitable species because it is a species representative of temperate areas and is commonly used for toxicity tests.
Origin
EUROFINS-GAB GMBH, Eutinger Str. 24, 75223 Niefern-Öschelbronn, Germany.
Date of receipt 2014-08-15
Cultivation at test facility
The species was bred in the test facility. Density was kept low to prevent conglomerates of plants on the surface. At least once per week, plants were transferred to freshly prepared growth medium. Growth media and breeding vessels were autoclaved before use to enable the breeding of axenic cultures.
Breeding vessels
Crystallisation dishes of glass, vol. 900 mL, filled with ca. 500 mL growth medium, covered with glass tops.
Medium
20X-AAP-medium (Algal Assay Procedure medium), pH-value 7.5 ± 0.1
Temperature 24 ± 2 °C
Light regime Continuous fluorescent light, 15 - 60 µE•m-2•s-1
Acclimatization of the test system
The test system was held for 7 days under test conditions to acclimatize. These acclimatize plants (test system) were used in the test.
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 7 d
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- min: 22.6
max: 23.7
mean value: 23.2 - pH:
- Nominal loading
of the test item
[mg/L] 0 h(Fresh medium) 2 d (Old medium) 2 d (Fresh medium) 5 d (Old medium) 5 d (Fresh medium) 7 d (Old medium)
100 7.78 8.17 7.80 8.18 7.81 8.21
Control 7.53 8.15 7.69 8.19 7.76 8.20 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal loading of the test item: 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Incubation chamber used: no
- Test vessel: Crystallisation dishes
- Type (delete if not applicable): covered with glass tops
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 500 mL, with headspace, filled with 200 mL
- Type of cover: glass tops
- Aeration: no
- Agitation: no
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Semi-static, with renewal of the test solutions every 2 – 3 days (i.e. exposure to freshly prepared test and control solutions on at least two occasions during the exposure)
- Control end cells density: 192 fronds
- No. of colonies per vessel: 3
- No. of fronds per colony: 4
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 24 h cool daylight
- Light intensity and quality: Continuous, fluorescent light, 6500 to 10000 lux (corresponding to 85 to 135 µE*m-2*s-1) on the surface of the test medium. The difference of light intensity at any measured incubation place was less than 15 % from the mean value. Actual: min: 87.2 max: 114 mean value: 102
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of frond number: manual counting
- Determination of biomass: dry weight
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
The results of the preliminary test (static) are presented below:
Table 3: Results of the Range Finding Test after 7 days
(mean values)
Nominal Test Item Concentration [%] Growth Rate Inhibition [%] Yield Inhibition [%]
10.0 -1 -1
100 -1 -3
Negative values = growth stimulation - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield frond number
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield frond number
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield frond number
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield dry weight
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield dry weight
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield dry weight
- Details on results:
- - Any visual signs of phytotoxicity (abnormalities): No
- Decrease in frond size: No
- Necrosis / chlorosis: No
- Sinking of fronds: No
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: see results - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The acute toxicity of 3,5-Dichlorophenol (FLUKA, batch number SZBD168XV, purity 99.4%, CAS RN 591-35-5) to the monocotyledon Lemna gibba was determined over a period of 7 days from
2015-09-30 to 2015-10-07 according to OECD Guideline 221.
EC50-Values of the Reference Item based on the nominal concentrations [mg/L], (0-7 days)
Growth rate inhibition (number of fronds) Valid Range (average ± 3 x SD)
ErC50 5.25 5.39 ± 2.70 95% confidence interval 5.14 – 5.36
Yield inhibition (number of fronds)
EyC50 4.17 4.46 ± 2.95 95% confidence interval 2.52 – 7.22
Growth rate inhibition (dry weight)
ErdwC50 4.29 5.21 ± 2.24 95% confidence interval 2.61 – 7.24
Yield inhibition (dry weight)
EydwC50 4.08 4.44 ± 2.28 95% confidence interval 2.40 – 7.23
SD = standard deviation - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC-values and statistical analyses
EC-values were estimated empirically based on the results of the single treatment level (limit test design).
NOEC and LOEC values
NOEC/LOEC was determined by calculation of statistical significance of inhibition of growth rates and yield in comparison to the control using: One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and DUNNETT’s test as a standard. A normality test and an equal variance test were done first. The SHAPIRO-WILK-Test was used to test for normally distributed populations. The SPEARMAN rank test was used for equal variance test. P-values for both Normality and equal variance test are 0.05. The -value (acceptable probability of incorrectly concluding that there is a difference) is =0.05.
Software
All data will be computer generated and rounded for presentation from the full derived data. Consequently, if calculated manually based on the given data, minor variations may occur from these figures.
Calculations and graphics will be carried out using the following software
- Excel, MICROSOFT CORPORATION
- SigmaPlot, SPSS INC.
- GraphPad Prism, GRAPHPAD SOFTWARE, INC.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Frond Numbers
Nominal loading of thetest item |
Repl. number |
Frond number |
|||
0 days* |
2 days |
5 days |
7 days |
||
100 |
1 |
12 |
22 |
69 |
200 |
2 |
12 |
25 |
87 |
234 |
|
3 |
12 |
27 |
89 |
222 |
|
4 |
12 |
24 |
77 |
211 |
|
5 |
12 |
23 |
71 |
175 |
|
6 |
12 |
26 |
85 |
205 |
|
Mean |
12 |
25 |
80 |
208 |
|
Control |
1 |
12 |
22 |
66 |
179 |
2 |
12 |
21 |
67 |
165 |
|
3 |
12 |
26 |
82 |
206 |
|
4 |
12 |
23 |
78 |
189 |
|
5 |
12 |
25 |
80 |
212 |
|
6 |
12 |
23 |
75 |
201 |
|
Mean |
12 |
23 |
75 |
192 |
* = 3 colonies with 4 fronds each per replicate were inoculated at start of the exposure
Evaluation of Frond Numbers after 7 Days
Statistically significant differences of growth rates and yield compared to control values are marked (+) and not significant differences are marked (-).
Nominal loading of the test item |
Repl. No. |
Growth rate |
Inhibition of Growth rate |
Yield |
Inhibition of yield |
Doubling time |
|||||||||||
100 |
1 |
|
0.402 |
-1 |
|
188 |
-4 |
1.72 |
|||||||||
2 |
|
0.424 |
-7 |
|
222 |
-23 |
1.63 |
||||||||||
3 |
|
0.417 |
-5 |
|
210 |
-17 |
1.66 |
||||||||||
1 |
|
0.410 |
-3 |
|
199 |
-11 |
1.69 |
||||||||||
2 |
|
0.383 |
3 |
|
163 |
9 |
1.81 |
||||||||||
3 |
|
0.405 |
-2 |
|
193 |
-7 |
1.71 |
||||||||||
Mean |
(-) |
0.407 |
-3 |
(-) |
196 |
-9 |
1.71 |
||||||||||
Control |
1 |
|
0.386 |
|
|
167 |
|
1.80 |
|||||||||
2 |
|
0.374 |
|
|
153 |
|
1.85 |
||||||||||
3 |
|
0.406 |
|
|
194 |
|
1.71 |
||||||||||
4 |
|
0.394 |
|
|
177 |
|
1.76 |
||||||||||
5 |
|
0.410 |
|
|
200 |
|
1.69 |
||||||||||
6 |
|
0.403 |
|
|
189 |
|
1.72 |
||||||||||
Mean |
|
0.396 |
|
|
180 |
|
1.75 |
Repl. No. = Replicate number
Evaluation of Specific Growth Rate and Yield Dry Weight after 7 Days
Statistically significant differences of specific growth rates and yield compared to control values are marked (+) and not significant differences are marked (-).
Nominal loading of thetest item |
Repl. No. |
Dry weight |
Growth rate of dry weight |
Inhibition of growth rate of dry weight |
Yield of dry weight |
Inhibition of yield of dry weight |
|||
100 |
1 |
36.1 |
|
0.360 |
-2 |
|
33.2 |
-5 |
|
2 |
34.6 |
|
0.354 |
-1 |
|
31.7 |
-1 |
||
3 |
40.0 |
|
0.375 |
-7 |
|
37.1 |
-18 |
||
4 |
35.0 |
|
0.356 |
-1 |
|
32.1 |
-2 |
||
5 |
31.4 |
|
0.340 |
3 |
|
28.5 |
10 |
||
6 |
37.1 |
|
0.364 |
-3 |
|
34.2 |
-9 |
||
Mean |
35.7 |
(-) |
0.358 |
-2 |
(-) |
32.8 |
-4 |
||
Control |
1 |
28.1 |
|
0.324 |
|
|
25.2 |
|
|
2 |
29.4 |
|
0.331 |
|
|
26.5 |
|
||
3 |
35.9 |
|
0.359 |
|
|
33.0 |
|
||
4 |
33.1 |
|
0.348 |
|
|
30.2 |
|
||
5 |
39.8 |
|
0.374 |
|
|
36.9 |
|
||
6 |
40.4 |
|
0.376 |
|
|
37.5 |
|
||
Mean |
34.4 |
|
0.352 |
|
|
31.5 |
|
||
Initial biomass dry weight was 2.9 mg per replicate
Repl. No. = Replicate number
Colony Number (Plants) on Days 0 and 7
Nominal loading of thetest item |
Replicate No. |
Colony number |
|||||
|
0 days |
7 days |
|||||
100 |
1 |
3 |
17 |
||||
2 |
3 |
27 |
|||||
3 |
3 |
21 |
|||||
4 |
3 |
21 |
|||||
5 |
3 |
15 |
|||||
6 |
3 |
18 |
|||||
Mean |
3 |
20 |
|||||
Control |
1 |
3 |
18 |
||||
2 |
3 |
14 |
|||||
3 |
3 |
20 |
|||||
4 |
3 |
14 |
|||||
5 |
3 |
18 |
|||||
6 |
3 |
17 |
|||||
Mean |
3 |
17 |
Further Observations on Days 2, 5 and 7
Nominal loading of thetest item |
Observations on day |
||
2 |
5 |
7 |
|
100 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Control |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Observations were made compared to the appearance of control colonies (plants) and vessels
1 = No observed effects
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- At the saturated solution of the test item with a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L no effects were observed on the growth rate and yield (frond and dry weight) of Lemna gibba.
All effect values are given based on the nominal loading levels of the test item. - Executive summary:
The effects of test item ) on the growth of the monocotyledon species Lemna gibba was determined according to the principles of OECD 221.
A semi-static exposure over 7 days was carried out. Based on a preliminary test a saturated solution with a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L was tested. Six replicates were investigated for the limit concentration and for the control. Frond numbers were assessed on days 0, 2, 5 and 7. Environmental parameters light, temperature and pH-value were within the acceptable limits.The validity criteria of the test guideline were fulfilled.
No analytical monitoring of the test item concentration was carried out because a measured concentration below the system quantification limit of the analytical method (0.4 mg/L of the test item) was determined during the non GLP preliminary range finding test in the saturated solution . This was also expected for the definitive study with Lemna gibba.
All effect values are given based on the nominal loading levels of the test item.
NOEC-, LOEC-, EC-Values and 95 % Confidence Intervals of the test item after 7 Days based on nominal loading of the test item [mg/L]
Frond number
Dry weight
Growth Rate Inhibition [mg/L]
NOEC
100
NOEC
100
LOEC
> 100
LOEC
>100
ErC10
>100
ErdwC10
>100
ErC20
>100
ErdwC20
>100
ErC50
>100
ErdwC50
>100
Yield Inhibition [mg/L]
NOEC
100
NOEC
100
LOEC
>100
LOEC
>100
EyC10
>100
EydwC10
>100
EyC20
>100
EydwC20
>100
EyC50
>100
EydwC50
>100
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Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.