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EC number: 200-659-6 | CAS number: 67-56-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
NOEC: 450 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 450 mg/L
Additional information
Guideline studies on chronic toxicity of methanol to fish are not available.
Kaviraj et al. investigated the toxicity of methanol towards fish (Oreochromic mossambicus) in a 90 day outdoor chronic toxicity test. The authors observed effects on the gonadosomatic index, the fecundity (not mentioned if and how this was observed) and maturity index (not mentioned if and how this was observed) and derived a NOEC of 23.75 mg/L
Due to several deficiencies in the test design this study has to be considered to be invalid. Furthermore, it can be concluded that the results observed are very much likely due to a statistically significant decrease in water quality at higher tests concentrations (probably due to the excess of bacterial growth) rather than direct methanol effects.
In an early-life-stage bioassay conducted with Oryzias latipes available by Gonzales-Doncel et al. (2008) NOECs range between 7900 - 15800 mg/L. Althoug this study cannot be used for the derivation of the PNEC aqua (in-vitro study with reduced duration of exposure) the result indicates that methanol has a very low long-term toxicity to fish.
Toxicity of methanol to early-life stages of fish (embryos, fish eggs, oocytes) has indeed been investigated according to several references in addition to Gonzales-Doncel et al., 2008, see for example Lammer et.al., Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C 149 (2009) 196–209; Chromcova et. al., Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2012; 33 Suppl 3:60-5.; Zeljenkova et.al., Reprod Toxicol 2006 Aug; 22(2):285; Plachinta et.al., Cryo Letters. 2004 Nov-Dec; 25(6):415-24.
Methanol belongs to the category of organic chemicals exerting toxicity for aquatic organisms with a non-specific mode of action. The acute and chronic toxicity may be estimated for such kind of chemicals using QSAR methods. The ECOSAR model (version 1.11, US EPA, July 2012) predicts for methanol a chronic toxicity value of about 450 mg/L (equivalent to a NOEC).
The prediction fulfils the OECD criteria on evaluation on QSARs and grouping of chemicals:
Algorithm used for the prediction:
log 30-d chronic Value (mmol/L): -0.8508 logKow + 0.6063 (r² = 0.7393, n = 46)
Applicability domain
Application: Solvents, non-reactive, non-ionizable neutral organic compounds 1. Alcohols 2. Acetals 3. Ketones 4. Ethers 5. Alkyl halides 6. Aryl halides 7. Aromatic hydrocarbons 8. Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons 9. Halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons 10. Sulfides and di-sulfides
Maximum LogKow: 8.0 Maximum MW: 1000
Goodnes-of fit and robustness
Training set is provided in the document "Neutral Organics - QSAR Equation Document" availabble in the software documentation of ECOSAR
Predictivity
The QSAR has appropriate measures of predictivity as determinrd by external validation. For details see De Haas et al., Internal and external validation of the long-term QSARs for neutral organics to fish from ECOSAR (SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research, Vol. 22, No. 5-6, p. 545-559, 2011)
Mechanistic interpretation
Mechanistic basis of the model is the reversible, drug-induced loss of consciousness (general anaesthesia), better known as baseline toxicity
The predicted value is therefore used as NOEC as key value for chemical safety assessment
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