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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-717-9 | CAS number: 7699-43-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- no data
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Well documented, scientifically sound study that is similar to OECD Guideline 471 "Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test", however, only four strains were evaluated and there was no strain present to detect cross linking mutagens. Study was run on 270 coded chemical samples multiple laboratories.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Salmonella Mutagenicity Tests: II. Results from the Testing of 270 Chemicals
- Author:
- Mortelmans K, Haworth S, Lawlor T, Speck W, Tainer B, Zeiger E
- Year:
- 1 986
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental Mutagenesis 8(7): 1-119
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- only four strains were evaluated and there was no strain used to detect cross linking mutagens.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Zirconium dichloride oxide
- EC Number:
- 231-717-9
- EC Name:
- Zirconium dichloride oxide
- Cas Number:
- 7699-43-6
- Molecular formula:
- Cl2OZr
- IUPAC Name:
- Dichloro(oxo)zirconium
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): zirconium oxychloride
- Physical state: crystals
Constituent 1
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- Aroclor 1254 induced rat and hamster metabolic activation system
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 10, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 3333, 6666 µg/L
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: ethanol (ET 95%)
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- no
- True negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium chloride
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: Sodium azide (TA1535 and TA100); 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (TA98); 9-aminoacridine (TA1537); 2-aminoanthracene (all strains with hamster and rats liver metabolic activation systems). 9-aminoacridine hydrochloride H2O; 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: The test substance was assayed for mutagenicity in a preincubation assay. The following was added to each test tube: 0.5 mL of S-9 mix or 0.1 M PO4 buffer (pH7.4), 0.05 mL of the overnight culture, and 0.05 mL of solvent. The mixture was mixed and allowed to incubate without shaking at 37 degrees C for 20 min, at which time 2.0 mL of molten top agar supplemented with 0.5 mM L-histidine and 0.5 mM D-biotin were added. The contents of the tubes were mixed and poured onto 25 mL of minimal glucose bottom agar in 15 x 100 mm plastic petri dishes. When the top agar had solidified, the plates were inverted and incubated at 37 degrees C for 48 hr.
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 mins
- Exposure duration: 48 hours
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): 48 hours
- Fixation time (start of exposure up to fixation or harvest of cells): 48 hours
SELECTION AGENT (mutation assays): L-histidine and D-biotin
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3
NUMBER OF CELLS EVALUATED: no data - Evaluation criteria:
- The criteria used for data evaluation are summarized as follows: (1) mutagenic response: a dose-related, reproducible increase in the number of revertants over background, even if the increase was less than twofold; (2) nonmutagenic response: when no increase in the number of revertants was elicited by the test substance; (3) questionable response: when there was an absence of a clear-cut dose-related increase in revertants; when the dose-related increases in the number of revertants were not reproducible; or when the response was of insufficient magnitude to support a determination of mutagenicity.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not determined
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not examined
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: A preliminary dose-setting test was initiated with strain TA100, in the presence and the absence of the metabolica activation systems, over a wide dose range with an upper limit of 10 mg/plate, or less when solubility problems were encountered. Toxicity was acknowledged by one or more of the following parameters: appearance of his- pinpoint colonies, reduced number of revertant colonies per plate or thinning or absence of the bacterial lawn.
- Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Under the test conditions and based on the results the test substance is non-mutagenic in the absence and presence of metabolic activation.
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