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EC number: 204-482-5 | CAS number: 121-57-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Additional toxicological data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional toxicological information
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- The Metabolism of Azo Compounds: A Review of the Literature
- Author:
- R. Walker
- Year:
- 1 970
- Bibliographic source:
- Food and Cosmetics Toxicology, Vol. 8, pp. 659-676
Materials and methods
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate
- EC Number:
- 217-699-5
- EC Name:
- Trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate
- Cas Number:
- 1934-21-0
- IUPAC Name:
- trisodium 5-hydroxy-1-(4-sulphophenyl)-4-(4-sulphophenylazo)pyrazole-3-carboxylate
- Reference substance name:
- FD&C Yellow 5
- IUPAC Name:
- FD&C Yellow 5
- Reference substance name:
- Tartrazine
- IUPAC Name:
- Tartrazine
- Reference substance name:
- Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulphonatophenyl)azo]naphthalene-2-sulphonate
- EC Number:
- 220-491-7
- EC Name:
- Disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulphonatophenyl)azo]naphthalene-2-sulphonate
- Cas Number:
- 2783-94-0
- IUPAC Name:
- disodium 6-hydroxy-5-[(4-sulfonatophenyl)diazenyl]naphthalene-2-sulfonate
- Reference substance name:
- FD&C Yellow 6
- IUPAC Name:
- FD&C Yellow 6
- Reference substance name:
- Sunset Yellow FCF
- IUPAC Name:
- Sunset Yellow FCF
- Details on test material:
- In the review of Walker, especially the metabolism of the two substances CAS 1934-21-0 and 2783-94-0 are of interest.
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Constituent 3
Constituent 4
Constituent 5
Constituent 6
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Summarising all studies, it is apparent that both substances when applied orally are rapidly and almost completely metabolised to sulphanilic acid.
In particular, Roxon, Ryan & Wright (1966) isolated from rat-gut contents a Proteus sp. capable of reducing tartrazine. The same authors extended these studies using whole cells and cell-free extracts of Proteus vulgaris isolated from rat-intestinal contents (1967a)
and found an in vitro reduction of 37.5% in 4 hours fo CAS 1934-21-0 (1967b).Roxon, Ryan, Welling & Wright (1967) demonstrated that the same substance is cleaved to p-sulphophenylhydrazine and sulphanilic acid.
Daniel (1962) showed in a rabbit study that sulphanilic acid was excreted vai the urine in amount equivalent to 77% (CAS 2783 -94 -0) and 96% (CAS 1934-21-0).
Literature:
Daniel, J. W. (1962). The excretion and metabolism of edible food colors. Toxic. appl. Pharmac. 4, 572.
Roxon, J. J., Ryan, A. J., Welling, P. G. & Wright, S. E. (1967). Origin of ui'inary sulphanilic acid from tartrazine. Fd Cosmet. Toxicol. 5, 447.
Roxon, J. J., Ryan, A. J. & Wright, S. E. (1966). Reduction of tartrazine by a Proteus species isolated from rats. Fd Cosmet. Toxicol. 4, 419.
Roxon, J. J., Ryan, A. J. & Wright, S. E. (1967a). Enzymatic reduction of tartrazine by Proteus vulgaris from rats. Fd Cosmet. Toxicol. 5, 645.
Roxon, J. J., Ryan, A. J. & Wright, S. E. (1967b). Reduction of water-soluble azo dyes by intestinal bacteria. Fd Cosmet. Toxicol. 5, 367.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Both azo compounds CAS 1934-21-0 and CAS 2783-94-0 are rapidly and almost completely metabolised in the gut. They are metabolised by gut flora to sulphanilic acid and a specific rest (p-sulphophenylhydrazine and 1-amino-2-naphthol-6-sulphonic acid, respectively).
- Executive summary:
Both azo compounds CAS 1934-21-0 and CAS 2783-94-0 are rapidly and almost completely metabolised in the gut. They are metabolised by gut flora to sulphanilic acid and a specific rest (p-sulphophenylhydrazine and 1-amino-2-naphthol-6-sulphonic acid, respectively).
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