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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 208-754-4 | CAS number: 540-72-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- no data
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No guideline followed and not performed under GLP but this study was performed to investigate the levels of thiocyanate in serum and urine after consumption of different types of meals.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 994
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- This study was performed to investigate the levels of thiocyanate in serum and urine after consumption of different types of meals.
- Endpoint addressed:
- not applicable
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
Constituent 1
Method
- Details on study design:
- Blood and urine samples were collected form healthy non-smoking volunteers (23 males and 22 females, 14-30 years old). Samples were collected 3-4 hours before and after the test meal. Thiocyanate levels were determined in serum and urine. Statistics: Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test.
Results and discussion
- Results:
- The concentrations of serum and urine thiocyanate measured before the intake of test-meals ranged from 39.20 ± 1.95 to 160.95 ± 8.06 µmol/l of serum, and 81.92 ± 9.78 to 294.01 ± 14.70 µmol/l of urine. In the control group, the ranges were from 42.20 ± 2.30 to 149.60 ± 11.97 µmol/l of serum, and 92.31 ± 4.62 to 250.71 ± 20.06 µmol/l of urine, showing a similar pattern. This wide variation may be caused by differences in exposure to dietary cyanide and/or thiocyanate and in the metabolism/excretion of these compounds in the volunteers.
Significant increases (p < 0.05) for most of the subjects) of serum thiocyanate were observed following a gari-based meal. In contrast, intake of rice-based meal produced decreases in serum thiocyanate. The urine thiocyanate levels showed similar patterns.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- ignificant increases (p < 0.05) for most of the subjects) of serum thiocyanate were observed following a gari-based meal. In contrast, intake of rice-based meal produced decreases in serum thiocyanate. The urine thiocyanate levels showed similar patterns. There is a wide variation between individuals in serum and urine levels.
- Executive summary:
Thiocyanate levels were determined in serum and urine samples obtained from a human population sample of healthy non-smoking volunteers (aged between 14 and 30 years) of both sexes known to eat gari (processed cassave product)-based meals at least once a day. The samples were collected before and 3-4 hours after a gari- or rice-based meal. The values obtained before the test meals showed a wide variation, ranging between 39.20 ± 1.95 to 160.95 ± 8.06 µmol/l of serum, and 81.92 ± 9.78 to 294.01 ± 14.70 µmol/l of urine. For each volunteer, the serum and urine thiocyanate were affected by the test meals. Average increases of 18 and 20% were observed for serum and urine thiocyanate, respectively, following a gari-based meal. A rice-based meal produced, on the average, 10% decrease in both serum and urine thiocyanate. No significant effect of sex or age on the thiocyanate Levels was observed. The gari samples used in the study, as well as random samples from the locality of study, had no detectable thiocyanate but contained between 0.013 and 0.015 mg cyanide per kg of gari. These findings indicate that conversion to thiocyanate is a significant pathway in the metabolism of HCN and contributes significantly to thiocyanate found in body fluids and tissues of man. In addition, support is provided for the possible involvement of the sulphurtransferases in the process of cyanide detoxication.
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