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EC number: 939-719-8 | CAS number: 5502-75-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- October 23, 2012 to November 22, 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Inspected on February 22 and 23, 2011 and signed on September 19, 2011.
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge (e.g. location, sampling depth, contamination history, procedure): Secondary treatment stage of the sewage treatment plant at Villette (STEP Villette, av. de Thônex 105, 1226 Thonex (Geneva, Switzerland)).
- Storage conditions: maintained on continuous aeration upon receipt
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: a sample was washed three times by settlement (centrifuge: Heittich rotenta 460 RS) and suspension in culture medium.
- Concentration of sludge: 30 mg/L dry weight activated sludge - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Additional substrate: None
- Solubilising agent (type and concentration if used): None
- Test temperature: 22±1°C
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 1000 mL glass culture vessels
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: control: 2, test material: 3, reference material: 1, toxicity control: 1
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: daily BOD values for the control, test material, reference material, and toxicity control
- Sampling method: sample flask sealed by a sensor head/CO2 trap attached to WTW oxitopC to automatically calculate the consumption of oxygen
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: in duplicate, consisting of inoculated culture medium
- Toxicity control: the test material and the reference material in inoculated culture medium - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 91
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: test 1
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 72
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: test 2
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 74
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: test 3
- Details on results:
- The toxicity test attained 65% degradation after 28 days thereby confirming that the test material was not toxic to the sewage treatment micro-organisms used in the study.
- Results with reference substance:
- Sodium benzoate attained 91% degradation after 28 days.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test material (test 1, 2, 3) attained respectively 91%, 72%, and 74% degradation (average 79%) after 28 days and all of them reached the 10d window.
Therefore as all validation criteria are fulfilled, the test material can be considered to be readily biodegradable under the strict terms and conditions of OECD 301F. - Executive summary:
A ready biodegradability was tested according to OECD 301F (Manometric Respirometry) in 2012 (Firmenich Biodegradation Laboratory, 2012). The initial test substance concentration was 100 mg/L, and the test was performed with activated sludge, non-adapted. Oxygen consumption was monitored over a time period of 28 days. Standard test results showed that the test material (test 1, 2, 3) attained respectively 91%, 72%, and 74% degradation after 28 days and all of them reached the 10d window. As all validation criteria were fulfilled, the test material can be considered to be readily biodegradable under the strict terms and conditions of OECD 301F.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- Feb. 2, 1981 - June 10, 1981
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Standard test using a method similar to MITI
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- natural water / sediment
- Details on inoculum:
- - Initial cell/biomass concentration: 30 ppm
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 100 other: ppm
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- DOC removal
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- test mat. analysis
- Remarks:
- GC method
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Test substance as the sole carbon source
- Additional substrate: None
- Test temperature: 25 Centigrade
- pH: At end of test: water phase: 5.4; Sludge phase: 6.7
- pH adjusted: no
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: Flasks
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 3 (100 ppm)
- Measuring equipment: Shimadzu TOC- 10B; Hitachi GC with FID detector;
- Test performed in closed vessels: Yes
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Yes
- Abiotic sterile control: Yes
- Toxicity control: No
- Positive control: YES (aniline) - Reference substance:
- aniline
- Preliminary study:
- not applicable.
- Test performance:
- Any deviation from the test procedure applied has been identified.
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 57
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: non-enchanced test: 30 ppm sludge, 100 ppm test substance
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 55
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: non-enhanced test: 30 ppm sludge, 100 ppm test substance
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- 100
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: non-enhanced test: 30 ppm sludge, 100 ppm test substance
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 95
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Enhanced test: 100 ppm sludge, 30 ppm test substance
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- 100
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Enhanced test: 100 ppm sludge, 30 ppm test substance
- Details on results:
- Non-enchanged test:
32% degradation by O2 conumption after 14 days
57% degradation by O2 consumpiton after 28 days
55% degradation by DOC removal after 28 days
100% degradation by test material analysis (TOC) after 28 days
Enhanced test:
95% degradation by DOC removal after 14 days
100% degradation by test material analysis (TOC) after 14 days - Results with reference substance:
- 63% DOC die away
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Interpretation of results:
- inherently biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test results showed the substance was not readily biodegraded, under the non-enhanced test conditions. However, the enhanced biodegradation test showed the test substance degraded fast at the end (14 d). Thus the substance is regarded as inherently biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
This study was conducting following a methodology similar to OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I)) using natural water/sediment. The non-enhanced test results showed the substance was not readily biodegradable. However, the enhanced biodegradation test showed the test substance degraded fast at the end (14 d). Thus the substance is regarded as inherently biodegradable.
As this study was conducted using an inoculum derived solely from natural water and sediment, with no activated sewage sludge component, the conditions are considered to have been excessively severe.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
OECD 301F (Manometric Respirometry) test was conducted to characterize the biodegradation potential of the substance. The test material (test 1, 2, 3) attained respectively 91%, 72%, and 74% degradation (average 79%) after 28 days and all of them reached the 10d window.
Therefore as all validation criteria are fulfilled, the test material can be considered to be readily biodegradable under the strict terms and conditions of OECD 301F.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
A ready biodegradability was tested according to OECD 301F (Manometric Respirometry) in 2012 (Firmenich Biodegradation Laboratory, 2012). The initial test substance concentration was 100 mg/L, and the test was performed with activated sludge, non-adapted. Oxygen consumption was monitored over a time period of 28 days. Standard test results showed that the test material (test 1, 2, 3) attained respectively 91%, 72%, and 74% degradation after 28 days and all of them reached the 10d window.
In a supporting study, conducted following a methodology similar to OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I)) in 1981 by the Chemical Inspection and Testing Institute, the substance was shown to reach only 55% degradation in 28 days. However, the inoculum used was derived solely from natural water and sediment, with no activated sewage sludge component, so the test conditions are considered to have been excessively severe.
As all of the validation criteria are fulfilled following a GLP OECD 301F compliant study using non-adapted activated sludge, the test material can be considered to be readily biodegradable under the strict terms and conditions of OECD 301F.
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