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EC number: 272-939-6 | CAS number: 68921-42-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Remarks:
- experimental data of read across substances
- Justification for type of information:
- Data for the target chemical is summarized based on the structurally similar read across chemicals
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: as mentioned below
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- WoE report is based on four toxicity to microorganism studies as-
WoE 2 and WoE 3. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Remarks:
- WoE 2: no and WoE 3: not specified
- Vehicle:
- no
- Remarks:
- WoE 2: no and WoE 3: not specified
- Details on test solutions:
- WoE 2: The solution 200 mg/l was prepared by dissolving test chemical in reconstituted water.
WoE 3: no data available - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- WoE 2:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain: Straus
- Source: Own breeding at University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): The animals used for the test shall be less than 24 h old and should not be first brood progeny
- Feeding during test: No feeding
WoE 3:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- WoE 2: 20±1°C
WoE 3: no data available - pH:
- WoE 2:
without adjustment
sample: pH = 7.5 changed to pH = 7.8 during the test
control: pH = 7.8 did not change during the test
WoE 3: no data available - Dissolved oxygen:
- WoE 2: higher than 8.9 mg/L at the end of test both in the control and the sample
WoE 3: no data available - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- WoE 2: Nominal test chemical concentration used for the study was 200 mg/l.
WoE 3: no data available - Details on test conditions:
- WoE 2:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 ml glass vessel
- fill volume: 25 ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
Natural water (surface or ground water), reconstituted water or dechlorinated tap water are acceptable as culturing and dilution water if D. magna survives in it for the duration of the culturing, acclimation and testing without showing signs of stress. Waters in the range pH 6 to pH 9, with hardness between 140 mg/l and 275 mg/l (as CaCO3) are recommended.
As an example, the preparation of dilution water meeting the requirements is described below.
Dissolve known quantities of reagents in water. The dilution water prepared shall have a pH of 7.8 ± 0.5, a hardness of (225 ± 50) mg/l (expressed as CaCO3), a molar Ca + Mg ratio close to 4 + 1 and a dissolved oxygen concentration above 7 mg/l.
Prepare the solutions specified below:
- Calcium chloride solution: Dissolve 117.6 g of calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2.2H2O) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Magnesium sulfate solution: Dissolve 49.3 g of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4.7H2O) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Sodium bicarbonate solution: Dissolve 25.9 g of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
- Potassium chloride solution: Dissolve 2.3 g of potassium chloride (KCI) in water (4.2) and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
Mixing
Mix 2.5 ml of each of the four solutions and make up to 1 l with water.
The dilution water shall be aerated until the dissolved oxygen concentration has reached saturation and the pH has stabilized. If necessary, adjust the pH to 7.8 ± 0.5 by adding sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution or hydrochloric acid (HCI). The dilution water prepared in this way shall not be further aerated before use.
- Sodium hydroxide solution, e.g. [NaOH] : 1 mol/l.
- Hydrochloric acid, e.g. [HCl] : 1 mol/l.
Reference substance:
Dissolve 600 mg of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) in water and make up to 1 l with water (4.2).
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no adjustment done
- Photoperiod: No - Darkness
- Light intensity:
CALCULATION:
EC50 was calculated using non linear regression by the software Prism 4.0
WoE 3: no data available - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- WoE 2: Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) and WoE 3: no data available
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 200 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: WoE 2
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: WoE 3
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- WoE 2:
- Results with reference substance valid
- EC50: 0.76 mg/L (24 hours)
WoE 3: no data available - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach and by evaluating the effect of test chemical on test organism, the 48 hr EC50/LC50 value can be expected to be in the range 200 to >1000 mg/l, respectively.
- Executive summary:
Data available of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the effect of the test chemical on aquatic invertebrates. The studies are as mentioned below:
An acute immobilisation test was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on aquatic invertebrates. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 202 “Daphnia sp.,Acute Immobilization Test”. Daphnia magna was used as a test organism for the study. The solution 200 mg/l was prepared by dissolving test chemical in reconstituted water. Thus, limit test was performed using a nominal test conc. of 200 mg/l. Study was performed using 5 organisms per vessel/replicates in a static system. Daphnids were exposed to test chemical in 50 ml glass vessel in a volume of 25 ml of liquid solution containing both the chemical and media. Control solution vessel containing reconstituted water without the test chemical was also run simulatenously during the study. The beakers were placed in a room at a temperature of 20±1°C. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was run simultaneously. In the control vessel containing reconstituted water without the test chemical, no daphnids were immobilized at the end of the test. On the basis of the mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna due to the exposure of test chemical, the 48hr median effect concentration (EC50) value was determined to be >200 mg/l (with percent immobility as 4.0 at 100 mg/l). Thus, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per the CLP classification criteria.
Another short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate study was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical. The study was performed under static conditions using Daphnia spp. (Water flea) as a test organism.On the basis of the toxic effect of the chemical on mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna,the 48 hr median lethal concentration (LC50) value was determined to be >1000 mg/l.Thus, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per the CLP classification criteria.
On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach and by evaluating the effect of test chemical on test organism, the 48 hr EC50/LC50 value can be expected to be in the range 200 to >1000 mg/l, respectively.
Reference
WoE 2: In control solution containing reconstituted water without the test chemical, no daphnids were immobilized at the end of the test.
Result of a limit test at sample concentration 200 mg/l:
Sample no. |
Sample information |
Control (number of mobile organisms) |
Sample (number of mobile organisms) |
I (%) |
13244 |
Test chemical |
25 |
24 |
4.0 |
WoE 3: no data available
Description of key information
On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach and by evaluating the effect of test chemical on test organism, the 48 hr EC50/LC50 value can be expected to be in the range 200 to >1000 mg/l, respectively.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 200 mg/L
Additional information
Data available of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the effect of the test chemical on aquatic invertebrates. The studies are as mentioned below:
An acute immobilisation test was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on aquatic invertebrates. The test was performed in accordance to OECD guideline No. 202 “Daphnia sp.,Acute Immobilization Test”. Daphnia magna was used as a test organism for the study. The solution 200 mg/l was prepared by dissolving test chemical in reconstituted water. Thus, limit test was performed using a nominal test conc. of 200 mg/l. Study was performed using 5 organisms per vessel/replicates in a static system. Daphnids were exposed to test chemical in 50 ml glass vessel in a volume of 25 ml of liquid solution containing both the chemical and media. Control solution vessel containing reconstituted water without the test chemical was also run simultaneously during the study. The beakers were placed in a room at a temperature of 20±1°C. With the test substance one positive control Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was run simultaneously. In the control vessel containing reconstituted water without the test chemical, no daphnids were immobilized at the end of the test. On the basis of the mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna due to the exposure of test chemical, the 48hr median effect concentration (EC50) value was determined to be >200 mg/l (with percent immobility as 4.0 at 100 mg/l). Thus, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates and hence, considered to be 'not classified' as per the CLP classification criteria.
Another short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate study was conducted for 48 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical. The study was performed under static conditions using Daphnia spp. (Water flea) as a test organism. On the basis of the toxic effect of the chemical on mobility of the test organism Daphnia magna, the 48 hr median lethal concentration (LC50) value was determined to be >1000 mg/l. Thus, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic invertebrates at environmental relevant concentrations and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per the CLP classification criteria.
On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach and by evaluating the effect of test chemical on test organism, the 48 hr EC50/LC50 value can be expected to be in the range 200 to >1000 mg/l, respectively.
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