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EC number: 239-269-6 | CAS number: 15217-42-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil microorganisms
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- June 05 - July 03, 2020 (biological testing)
September 03, 2020 (study completion) - Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 216 (Soil Microorganisms: Nitrogen Transformation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- OECD 216: 21.01.2000
EU C.21: 2004/73/EC - Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Product name: 1,2,3 Benzotriazole Fine Granular
- Source (i.e. manufacturer or supplier) and lot/batch number of test material:
Connect Chemicals, Ratingen, Germany, Batch 190720
- Purity, including information on contaminants, isomers, etc.: 99.9 %
RADIOLABELLING INFORMATION (if applicable)
no
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Store cool (SDS)
- Stability and homogeneity of the test material in the vehicle/solvent under test conditions (e.g. in the exposure medium) and during storage: stable
- Stability in the medium, i.e. sensitivity of the test material to hydrolysis and/or photolysis: assumed stable
- Solubility and stability of the test material in the solvent/vehicle and the exposure medium: assumed stable, Water solubility (25 °C): 20 g/L
- Reactivity of the test material with the incubation material used (e.g. plastic ware): assumed no reactivity
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
please refer to following sections
FORM AS APPLIED IN THE TEST (if different from that of starting material)
same as starting material
INFORMATION ON NANOMATERIALS
no nanomaterial
TYPE OF BIOCIDE/PESTICIDE FORMULATION (if applicable)
no biocide/pesticide
OTHER SPECIFICS
n/a - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 1.8, 4.5, 11.2, 28.0, 70.0
- Sampling method: samples were shook (30g dw) with 0.1M KCl solution at ratio of 5mL KCl solution/g dw for 60 min at 150rpm. Afterwards, the mixtures were filtered and liquid phases were analysed for nitrate photometrically (Spectroquant NOVA 400).
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: when the analysis could not be applied immediately, the soil samples were stored at <-18°C for 5d at a maximum. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- APPLICATION OF TEST SUBSTANCE TO SOIL
- Method: the soil was sieved to a particle size of 2mm after 8d of storage (at 4-8°C until start of conditioning), soil conditioning at room temperature in the dark, soil moisture was 40-60% of maximum Water Holding Capacity (WHCmax). Sieved soil was amended with powdered plant material (lupine-green meal) at a plant-soil ratio of 5g plant/kg soil dw. - Test organisms (inoculum):
- soil
- Total exposure duration:
- 28 d
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 2 °C
- Moisture:
- start: 293 g H2O/kg soil dw)
end: - Organic carbon content (% dry weight):
- 0.93
- Nitrogen content (% dry weight):
- 0.09
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: IME, Schmallenberg, Germany
- Test container (type, material, size): 1L wide neck glass bottles
- Amount of soil: 1600g dw (control and test replicates), 500g dw (nitrogen controls)
- No. of replicates per concentration: 3
- No. of replicates per control: 4
- No. of replicates per test item nitrogen control: 1 (for each test concentration and control)
SOIL INCUBATION
- Method: series of individual subsamples
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographical reference of sampling site (latitude, longitude): taken from reference soils at Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME) and is representative for an agricultural field soil
- Treatments with pesticides or fertilizers: > 1 year prior to sampling, no plant protection products and >6 and >3 months prior, no organic and mineral fertilizer, respectively, have been used.
- Accidental contamination: none
- Depth of sampling: n.a.
- Soil texture
- % sand: 73
- % silt: 20
- % clay: 7
- Soil classification: loamy sand soil
- pH (in water): 6.4
- Initial nitrate concentration for nitrogen transformation test (mg nitrate/kg dry weight): 6.6
- Maximum water holding capacity (in g H2O/kg soil dry weigth): 293
- Cation exchange capacity (mmol/kg): 16.2
- Pretreatment of soil: not specified
- Storage (condition, duration): at 4-8°C until start of conditioning, total indoor storage: 5 weeks
- Initial microbial biomass as % of total organic C: 1.0
SOIL PREPARATION
- Introduction of test item: quantity of test item required to obtain desired concentrations was applied as an aqueous stock solution of 500mg/250mL and mixed thoroughly with test substrate. 50mL of a solution with the requisite concentration was applied on the respective amount of test substrate (1600g dw and 500g dw, adjusted on 28% WHCmax, for assays with plant material and nitrogen controls, respectively). Subsequently, the requisite volume of water was applied to adjust the soil on 45% WHCmax.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
- nitrate on days 0 and 28
- nitrogen controls at both sampling days, fourfold
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: not specified
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no inhibition up to and including 2mg/kg soil dw - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 1.8, 4.5, 11.2, 28.0, 70.0 mg test item/kg soil dw
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 8.1 mg/kg soil ww
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC25
- Effect conc.:
- 11 mg/kg soil ww
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 15.4 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Details on results:
- - Nitrate: Subtraction of "test item nitrogen controls" since only mineralised plant material should be included. Comparison of nitrate found in treated samples after 28 days with that found in controls. From that, the percent inhibition values for each test concentration were calculated. These percentages were plotted against concentration and statistical procedures are used to calculate ECx values (with confidence limits P=0.95 if possible) using standard procedures. Software used was ToxRat Professional by ToxRat Solutions GmbH
- Temperature: continuously measured with data logger, 20.0 - 20.5°C - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- With a maximum of 11%, the variation between replicate control samples including powdered plant material was less than 15% at test start and end, therefor the study is valid.
- Conclusions:
- There was a concentration relating inhibition of nitrate formation after 28days of incubation due to the test item. The EC50 for the nitrogen transformation was assumed to be 15.4 mg Benzotriazole/kg dry soil (95% CL: 11.9 - 20.9 mg TI/kg dw).
- Executive summary:
The effect of Benzotriazole on nitrogen transformation by soil microorganisms according to the OECD guideline 216, respectively. For this the nitrate content in the soil after an incubation period was measured.
Benzotriazole was incubated in loamy sand soil over a period of 28 days in concentrations of 1.8, 4.5, 11.2, 28.0 and 70.0 mg test item/kg dry mass soil, respectively. The concentrations applied were based on a non-GLP range finding test. A single application of test item was made and the effect on nitrate building rate was determined 28 days after start of incubation. Four replicates were prepared for a control and three for each concentration.
There was a concentration relating inhibition of nitrate formation after 28 days of incubation. The EC50 for the nitrogen transformation was found to be 15.4 mg Benzotriazole per kg dry soil (95 % CL: 11.9 – 20.9 mg TI/kg DM).
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil microorganisms
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- See read-across justification in Section 13.2 titled "140704_NaBZT_rationale_RA 8.4.16".
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 9.6 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC25
- Effect conc.:
- 13 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 28 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 18.3 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- nitrate formation rate
- Details on results:
- Indicated results are relevant for the target substance. These were derived by correcting the source substance results for molecular weight difference between source and target substances.
- Nitrate: Subtraction of "test item nitrogen controls" since only mineralised plant material should be included. Comparison of nitrate found in treated samples after 28 days with that found in controls. From that, the percent inhibition values for each test concentration were calculated. These percentages were plotted against concentration and statistical procedures are used to calculate ECx values (with confidence limits P=0.95 if possible) using standard procedures. Software used was ToxRat Professional by ToxRat Solutions GmbH
- Temperature: continuously measured with data logger, 20.0 - 20.5°C - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- With a maximum of 11%, the variation between replicate control samples including powdered plant material was less than 15% at test start and end, therefor the study is valid.
- Conclusions:
- There was a concentration relating inhibition of nitrate formation after 28 days of incubation due to the test item. The EC50 for the nitrogen transformation was assumed to be 15.4 mg Benzotriazole/kg dry soil (95% CL: 11.9 - 20.9 mg TI/kg dw). The EC10 was 8.1 mg/kg soil dw.
As read-across has been shown to be applicable (IUCLID Section 13.2), but there are differences in molecular weight between the source and target substance the endpoint has been corrected for this difference, the target substance EC50 is 18.25 mg/kg soil dw. The EC10 was 9.6 mg/kg soil dw. - Executive summary:
A one-to-one read-across approach with correction for molecular weight has been used to derive endpoints for the target substance. The read-across was from benzotriazole (EC No.: 202-394-1) to sodium 1H-benzotriazolide (EC No. 239-269-6). In line with ECHA guidance the reported endpoint values are those relevant to the target substance and have been corrected for molecular weight (ECHA How to prepare registration and PPORD dossiers, v10.0, 2021). The only differences between the substances is the addition of a sodium salt in the target substance. However, at relevant environmental pH ca. 6-9, protonation will occur yielding the neutral form of the target substance (See Section 13.2 for more information).
The effect of Benzotriazole on nitrogen transformation by soil microorganisms according to the OECD guideline 216 was studied. For this the nitrate content in the soil after an incubation period was measured.
Benzotriazole was incubated in loamy sand soil over a period of 28 days in concentrations of 1.8, 4.5, 11.2, 28.0 and 70.0 mg test item/kg dry mass soil, respectively. The concentrations applied were based on a non-GLP range finding test. A single application of test item was made and the effect on nitrate building rate was determined 28 days after start of incubation. Four replicates were prepared for a control and three for each concentration.
There was a concentration relating inhibition of nitrate formation after 28 days of incubation. The EC50 for the nitrogen transformation was found to be 15.4 mg Benzotriazole per kg dry soil (95 % CL: 11.9 – 20.9 mg/kg soil dw). The EC10 was 8.1 mg/kg soil dw.
As read-across has been shown to be applicable (IUCLID Section 13.2), but there are differences in molecular weight between the source and target substance the endpoint has been corrected for this difference, the target substance EC50 is 18.25 mg/kg soil dw. The EC10 was 9.6 mg/kg soil dw.
Referenceopen allclose all
Control | 1.8 mg TI per kg DM | 4.5 mg TI per kg DM | 11.2 mg TI per kg DM | 28.0 mg TI per kg DM | 70.0 mg TI per kg DM | |
Test start | 19.9 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 18.5 | 16.2 | 19.2 |
Day 28 Nitrate [mg/kg] Deviation [%] | 160.5 | 158.7 -1.1 | 124.7 -22.3 | 140.2 -12.6 | -3.0 -101.8 | 1.5 -99.1 |
Control | 1.8 mg TI per kg DM | 4.5 mg TI per kg DM | 11.2 mg TI per kg DM | 28.0 mg TI per kg DM | 70.0 mg TI per kg DM | |
Test start | 19.9 | 19.9 | 20.7 | 18.5 | 16.2 | 19.2 |
Day 28 Nitrate [mg/kg] Deviation [%] | 160.5 | 158.7 -1.1 | 124.7 -22.3 | 140.2 -12.6 | -3.0 -101.8 | 1.5 -99.1 |
Description of key information
Soil microorganism nitrogen inhibition EC10 = 9.60 mg/kg soil dw, OECD 216. Simon, 2020.
Soil microorganism nitrogen inhibition EC50 = 18.3 mg/kg soil dw, OECD 216. Simon, 2020.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Short-term EC50 for soil microorganisms:
- 18.3 mg/kg soil dw
- Long-term EC10 or NOEC for soil microorganisms:
- 9.6 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
A one-to-one read-across approach with correction for molecular weight has been used to derive endpoints for the target substance. The read-across was from benzotriazole (EC No.: 202-394-1) to sodium 1H-benzotriazolide (EC No. 239-269-6). In line with ECHA guidance the reported endpoint values are those relevant to the target substance and have been corrected for molecular weight (ECHA How to prepare registration and PPORD dossiers, v10.0, 2021). The only differences between the substances is the addition of a sodium salt in the target substance. However, at relevant environmental pH ca. 6-9, protonation will occur yielding the neutral form of the target substance (See Section 13.2 for more information).
The effect of Benzotriazole on nitrogen transformation by soil microorganisms according to the OECD guideline 216 was studied. For this the nitrate content in the soil after an incubation period was measured.
Benzotriazole was incubated in loamy sand soil over a period of 28 days in concentrations of 1.8, 4.5, 11.2, 28.0 and 70.0 mg test item/kg dry mass soil, respectively. The concentrations applied were based on a non-GLP range finding test. A single application of test item was made and the effect on nitrate building rate was determined 28 days after start of incubation. Four replicates were prepared for a control and three for each concentration.
There was a concentration relating inhibition of nitrate formation after 28 days of incubation. The EC50 for the nitrogen transformation was found to be 15.4 mg Benzotriazole per kg dry soil (95 % CL: 11.9 – 20.9 mg/kg soil dw). The EC10 was 8.1 mg/kg soil dw.
As read-across has been shown to be applicable (IUCLID Section 13.2), but there are differences in molecular weight between the source and target substance the endpoint has been corrected for this difference, the target substance EC50 is 18.25 mg/kg soil dw. The EC10 was 9.6 mg/kg soil dw.
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