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EC number: 293-173-9 | CAS number: 91052-16-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model, but not (completely) falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Remarks:
- Validated QSAR model. However, the component is outside of the domain of the training set (log Kow of the training set: 0.31-8.70; log Kow of the substance: 10.01). Nevertheless, the value of the prediction will be used for risk assessment purposes, since a) there is currently no universally accepted definition of model domain, and b) since further measurements/testing would not result in additional knowledge for this substance.
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Calculation based on BCFBAF v3.01, Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows v 4.11. US EPA, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Fish
- Route of exposure:
- other: aqueous and dietary
- Test type:
- other: calculation
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Details on test conditions:
- For further detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables" and attached model background information in "Overall remarks, attachments".
- Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
- BASIS FOR CALCULATION OF BCF
- Estimation software: BCFBAF v3.01
- Result based on calculated log Pow of: 10.10 (estimated, KOWWIN v.1.68) - Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 0.931 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Type:
- BAF
- Value:
- 0.936 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Details on results:
- For detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables".
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model, but not (completely) falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Remarks:
- Validated QSAR model. However, the component is outside of the domain of the training set (log Kow of the training set: 0.31-8.70; log Kow of the substance: 29.44). Nevertheless, the value of the prediction will be used for risk assessment purposes, since a) there is currently no universally accepted definition of model domain, and b) since further measurements/testing would not result in additional knowledge for this substance.
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Calculation based on BCFBAF v3.01, Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows v 4.11. US EPA, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Fish
- Route of exposure:
- other: aqueous and dietary
- Test type:
- other: calculation
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Details on test conditions:
- For further detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables" and attached model background information in "Overall remarks, attachments".
- Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
- BASIS FOR CALCULATION OF BCF
- Estimation software: BCFBAF v3.01
- Result based on calculated log Pow of: 29.44 (estimated, KOWWIN v.1.68) - Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 0.893 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Type:
- BAF
- Value:
- 0.893 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Details on results:
- For detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables".
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model, but not (completely) falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Remarks:
- Validated QSAR model. However, the component is outside of the domain of the training set (log Kow of the training set: 0.31-8.70; log Kow of the substance: 36.44). Nevertheless, the value of the prediction will be used for risk assessment purposes, since a) there is currently no universally accepted definition of model domain, and b) since further measurements/testing would not result in additional knowledge for this substance.
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Calculation based on BCFBAF v3.01, Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows v 4.11. US EPA, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Fish
- Route of exposure:
- other: aqueous and dietary
- Test type:
- other: calculation
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Details on test conditions:
- For further detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables" and attached model background information in "Overall remarks, attachments".
- Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
- BASIS FOR CALCULATION OF BCF
- Estimation software: BCFBAF v3.01
- Result based on calculated log Pow of: 36.44 (estimated, KOWWIN v.1.68) - Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 0.893 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Type:
- BAF
- Value:
- 0.893 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Details on results:
- For detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables".
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Calculation based on BCFBAF v3.01, Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows v 4.11. US EPA, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Fish
- Route of exposure:
- other: aqueous and dietary
- Test type:
- other: calculation
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Details on test conditions:
- For further detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables" and attached model background information in "Overall remarks, attachments".
- Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
- BASIS FOR CALCULATION OF BCF
- Estimation software: BCFBAF v3.01
- Result based on calculated log Pow of: 5.63 (estimated, KOWWIN v.1.68) - Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 34.81 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Type:
- BAF
- Value:
- 34.81 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Details on results:
- For detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables".
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model, but not (completely) falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Remarks:
- Validated QSAR model. However, the component is outside of the domain of the training set (log Kow of the training set: 0.31-8.70; log Kow of the substance: 11.80). Nevertheless, the value of the prediction will be used for risk assessment purposes, since a) there is currently no universally accepted definition of model domain, and b) since further measurements/testing would not result in additional knowledge for this substance.
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Calculation based on BCFBAF v3.01, Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows v 4.11. US EPA, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Fish
- Route of exposure:
- other: aqueous and dietary
- Test type:
- other: calculation
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Details on test conditions:
- For further detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables" and attached model background information in "Overall remarks, attachments".
- Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
- BASIS FOR CALCULATION OF BCF
- Estimation software: BCFBAF v3.01
- Result based on calculated log Pow of: 11.80 (estimated, KOWWIN v.1.68) - Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 0.893 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Type:
- BAF
- Value:
- 0.893 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Details on results:
- For detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables".
- Endpoint:
- bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model, but not (completely) falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Remarks:
- Validated QSAR model. However, the component is outside of the domain of the training set (log Kow of the training set: 0.31-8.70; log Kow of the substance: 18.50). Nevertheless, the value of the prediction will be used for risk assessment purposes, since a) there is currently no universally accepted definition of model domain, and b) since further measurements/testing would not result in additional knowledge for this substance.
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: migrated from IUCLID 5.6
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Calculation based on BCFBAF v3.01, Estimation Programs Interface Suite™ for Microsoft® Windows v 4.11. US EPA, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Fish
- Route of exposure:
- other: aqueous and dietary
- Test type:
- other: calculation
- Water / sediment media type:
- natural water: freshwater
- Details on test conditions:
- For further detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables" and attached model background information in "Overall remarks, attachments".
- Details on estimation of bioconcentration:
- BASIS FOR CALCULATION OF BCF
- Estimation software: BCFBAF v3.01
- Result based on calculated log Pow of: 18.50 (estimated, KOWWIN v.1.68) - Type:
- BCF
- Value:
- 0.893 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Type:
- BAF
- Value:
- 0.893 L/kg
- Basis:
- whole body w.w.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Arnot-Gobas including biotransformation, upper trophic
- Details on results:
- For detailed description on the model and its applicability, see "Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables".
Referenceopen allclose all
BCFBAF Program (v3.01) Results:
==============================
SMILES : O=C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO=C(O)C(O)(CC(=O)O)CC(=O)O
CHEM :
MOL FOR: C41 H75 O12
MOL WT : 760.05
--------------------------------- BCFBAF v3.01 --------------------------------
Summary Results:
Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 0.50 (BCF = 3.16 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 0.242 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): -0.03 (BAF = 0.936 L/kg wet-wt)
Log Kow (experimental): not available from database
Log Kow used by BCF estimates: 10.10
Equation Used to Make BCF estimate:
Log BCF = 0.50 (Ionic; Log Kow dependent)
Estimated Log BCF = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162 L/kg wet-wt)
===========================================================
Whole Body Primary Biotransformation Rate Estimate for Fish:
===========================================================
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | LOG BIOTRANSFORMATION FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.0341 | 0.0341
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | -0.0616 | -0.0616
Frag | 2 | Aliphatic acid [-C(=O)-OH] | 0.3803 | 0.7606
Frag | 2 | Ester [-C(=O)-O-C] | -0.7605 | -1.5211
Frag | 1 | Carbon with 4 single bonds & no hydrogens | -0.2984 | -0.2984
Frag | 1 | Methyl [-CH3] | 0.2451 | 0.2451
Frag | 33 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.0242 | 0.7982
Frag | 1 | -CH- [linear] | -0.1912 | -0.1912
L Kow| * | Log Kow = 10.10 (KowWin estimate) | 0.3073 | 3.1035
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -1.9490
Const| * | Equation Constant | | -1.5371
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | LOG Bio Half-Life (days) | | -0.6168
RESULT | Bio Half-Life (days) | | 0.2417
NOTE | Bio Half-Life Normalized to 10 g fish at 15 deg C |
============+============================================+=========+=========
Biotransformation Rate Constant:
kM (Rate Constant): 2.868 /day (10 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 1.613 /day (100 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 0.9071 /day (1 kg fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 0.5101 /day (10 kg fish)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (including biotransformation rate estimates):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = -0.031 (BCF = 0.9314 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = -0.029 (BAF = 0.9363 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (mid trophic) = -0.007 (BCF = 0.9842 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (mid trophic) = 0.124 (BAF = 1.329 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (lower trophic) = -0.001 (BCF = 0.9983 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (lower trophic) = 0.637 (BAF = 4.335 L/kg wet-wt)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (assuming a biotransformation rate of zero):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = 1.831 (BCF = 67.78 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = 5.530 (BAF = 3.389e+005 L/kg wet-wt)
BCFBAF Program (v3.01) Results:
==============================
SMILES : CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CC(O)(CC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC)C(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC
CHEM :
MOL FOR: C69 H116 O16
MOL WT : 1201.68
--------------------------------- BCFBAF v3.01 --------------------------------
Summary Results:
Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 0.50 (BCF = 3.16 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 0.0344 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): -0.05 (BAF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Log Kow (experimental): not available from database
Log Kow used by BCF estimates: 18.50
Equation Used to Make BCF estimate:
Log BCF = -0.49 log Kow + 7.554 + Correction
Correction(s): Value
No Applicable Correction Factors
Minimum Log BCF of 0.50 applied when Log Kow > 7
Estimated Log BCF = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162 L/kg wet-wt)
===========================================================
Whole Body Primary Biotransformation Rate Estimate for Fish:
===========================================================
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | LOG BIOTRANSFORMATION FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 3 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.0341 | 0.1024
Frag | 3 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | -0.0616 | -0.1847
Frag | 6 | Ester [-C(=O)-O-C] | -0.7605 | -4.5632
Frag | 1 | Carbon with 4 single bonds & no hydrogens | -0.2984 | -0.2984
Frag | 3 | Methyl [-CH3] | 0.2451 | 0.7353
Frag | 44 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.0242 | 1.0642
Frag | 3 | -CH- [linear] | -0.1912 | -0.5737
Frag | 12 | -C=CH [alkenyl hydrogen] | 0.0988 | 1.1862
Frag | 12 | -C=CH [alkenyl hydrogen] | 0.0000 | 0.0000
L Kow| * | Log Kow = 18.50 (KowWin estimate) | 0.3073 | 5.6868
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -3.0815
Const| * | Equation Constant | | -1.5371
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | LOG Bio Half-Life (days) | | -1.4636
RESULT | Bio Half-Life (days) | | 0.03439
NOTE | Bio Half-Life Normalized to 10 g fish at 15 deg C |
============+============================================+=========+=========
Biotransformation Rate Constant:
kM (Rate Constant): 20.16 /day (10 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 11.34 /day (100 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 6.375 /day (1 kg fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 3.585 /day (10 kg fish)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (including biotransformation rate estimates):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BCF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BAF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (mid trophic) = -0.031 (BCF = 0.9315 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (mid trophic) = -0.031 (BAF = 0.9315 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (lower trophic) = -0.027 (BCF = 0.9402 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (lower trophic) = -0.027 (BAF = 0.9402 L/kg wet-wt)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (assuming a biotransformation rate of zero):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BCF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = -0.048 (BAF = 0.8944 L/kg wet-wt)
BCFBAF Program (v3.01) Results:
==============================
SMILES : O=C(OCC(O)COC(=O)C(O)(CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)CC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC
CHEM :
MOL FOR: C105 H186 O18
MOL WT : 1736.64
--------------------------------- BCFBAF v3.01 --------------------------------
Summary Results:
Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 0.50 (BCF = 3.16 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 291 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): -0.05 (BAF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Log Kow (experimental): not available from database
Log Kow used by BCF estimates: 36.44
Equation Used to Make BCF estimate:
Log BCF = -0.49 log Kow + 7.554 + Correction
Correction(s): Value
No Applicable Correction Factors
Minimum Log BCF of 0.50 applied when Log Kow > 7
Estimated Log BCF = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162 L/kg wet-wt)
===========================================================
Whole Body Primary Biotransformation Rate Estimate for Fish:
===========================================================
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | LOG BIOTRANSFORMATION FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 5 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.0341 | 0.1706
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | -0.0616 | -0.0616
Frag | 8 | Ester [-C(=O)-O-C] | -0.7605 | -6.0842
Frag | 1 | Carbon with 4 single bonds & no hydrogens | -0.2984 | -0.2984
Frag | 5 | Methyl [-CH3] | 0.2451 | 1.2255
Frag | 78 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.0242 | 1.8866
Frag | 3 | -CH- [linear] | -0.1912 | -0.5737
Frag | 10 | -C=CH [alkenyl hydrogen] | 0.0988 | 0.9885
Frag | 10 | -C=CH [alkenyl hydrogen] | 0.0000 | 0.0000
L Kow| * | Log Kow = 36.44 (KowWin estimate) | 0.3073 | 11.2009
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -4.4533
Const| * | Equation Constant | | -1.5371
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | LOG Bio Half-Life (days) | | 2.4638
RESULT | Bio Half-Life (days) | | 290.9
NOTE | Bio Half-Life Normalized to 10 g fish at 15 deg C |
============+============================================+=========+=========
Biotransformation Rate Constant:
kM (Rate Constant): 0.002383 /day (10 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 0.00134 /day (100 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 0.0007534 /day (1 kg fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 0.0004237 /day (10 kg fish)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (including biotransformation rate estimates):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BCF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BAF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (mid trophic) = -0.031 (BCF = 0.9315 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (mid trophic) = -0.031 (BAF = 0.9315 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (lower trophic) = -0.027 (BCF = 0.9402 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (lower trophic) = -0.027 (BAF = 0.9402 L/kg wet-wt)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (assuming a biotransformation rate of zero):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BCF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BAF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
BCFBAF Program (v3.01) Results:
==============================
SMILES : OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
CHEM :
MOL FOR: C19 H38 O4
MOL WT : 330.51
--------------------------------- BCFBAF v3.01 --------------------------------
Summary Results:
Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 2.01 (BCF = 102 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 0.0868 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): 1.54 (BAF = 34.8 L/kg wet-wt)
Log Kow (experimental): not available from database
Log Kow used by BCF estimates: 5.63
Equation Used to Make BCF estimate:
Log BCF = 0.6598 log Kow - 0.333 + Correction
Correction(s): Value
Alkyl chains (8+ -CH2- groups) -1.374
Estimated Log BCF = 2.010 (BCF = 102.3 L/kg wet-wt)
===========================================================
Whole Body Primary Biotransformation Rate Estimate for Fish:
===========================================================
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | LOG BIOTRANSFORMATION FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.0341 | 0.0341
Frag | 2 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | -0.0616 | -0.1231
Frag | 1 | Ester [-C(=O)-O-C] | -0.7605 | -0.7605
Frag | 1 | Methyl [-CH3] | 0.2451 | 0.2451
Frag | 16 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.0242 | 0.3870
Frag | 1 | -CH- [linear] | -0.1912 | -0.1912
L Kow| * | Log Kow = 5.63 (KowWin estimate) | 0.3073 | 1.7316
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -0.8475
Const| * | Equation Constant | | -1.5371
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | LOG Bio Half-Life (days) | | -1.0617
RESULT | Bio Half-Life (days) | | 0.08676
NOTE | Bio Half-Life Normalized to 10 g fish at 15 deg C |
============+============================================+=========+=========
Biotransformation Rate Constant:
kM (Rate Constant): 7.99 /day (10 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 4.493 /day (100 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 2.527 /day (1 kg fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 1.421 /day (10 kg fish)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (including biotransformation rate estimates):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = 1.542 (BCF = 34.81 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = 1.542 (BAF = 34.81 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (mid trophic) = 1.677 (BCF = 47.5 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (mid trophic) = 1.687 (BAF = 48.67 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (lower trophic) = 1.718 (BCF = 52.26 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (lower trophic) = 1.852 (BAF = 71.17 L/kg wet-wt)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (assuming a biotransformation rate of zero):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = 4.244 (BCF = 1.752e+004 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = 5.985 (BAF = 9.659e+005 L/kg wet-wt)
BCFBAF Program (v3.01) Results:
==============================
SMILES : CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CC(O)(CC(=O)O)C(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC
CHEM :
MOL FOR: C48 H80 O13
MOL WT : 865.17
--------------------------------- BCFBAF v3.01 --------------------------------
Summary Results:
Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 0.50 (BCF = 3.16 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 0.0303 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): -0.05 (BAF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Log Kow (experimental): not available from database
Log Kow used by BCF estimates: 11.80
Equation Used to Make BCF estimate:
Log BCF = 0.50 (Ionic; Log Kow dependent)
Estimated Log BCF = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162 L/kg wet-wt)
===========================================================
Whole Body Primary Biotransformation Rate Estimate for Fish:
===========================================================
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | LOG BIOTRANSFORMATION FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 2 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.0341 | 0.0682
Frag | 2 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | -0.0616 | -0.1231
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic acid [-C(=O)-OH] | 0.3803 | 0.3803
Frag | 4 | Ester [-C(=O)-O-C] | -0.7605 | -3.0421
Frag | 1 | Carbon with 4 single bonds & no hydrogens | -0.2984 | -0.2984
Frag | 2 | Methyl [-CH3] | 0.2451 | 0.4902
Frag | 30 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.0242 | 0.7256
Frag | 2 | -CH- [linear] | -0.1912 | -0.3825
Frag | 8 | -C=CH [alkenyl hydrogen] | 0.0988 | 0.7908
Frag | 8 | -C=CH [alkenyl hydrogen] | 0.0000 | 0.0000
L Kow| * | Log Kow = 11.80 (KowWin estimate) | 0.3073 | 3.6281
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -2.2186
Const| * | Equation Constant | | -1.5371
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | LOG Bio Half-Life (days) | | -1.5185
RESULT | Bio Half-Life (days) | | 0.03031
NOTE | Bio Half-Life Normalized to 10 g fish at 15 deg C |
============+============================================+=========+=========
Biotransformation Rate Constant:
kM (Rate Constant): 22.87 /day (10 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 12.86 /day (100 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 7.233 /day (1 kg fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 4.067 /day (10 kg fish)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (including biotransformation rate estimates):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BCF = 0.8931 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BAF = 0.8931 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (mid trophic) = -0.031 (BCF = 0.9316 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (mid trophic) = -0.031 (BAF = 0.9317 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (lower trophic) = -0.027 (BCF = 0.9403 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (lower trophic) = -0.025 (BAF = 0.9433 L/kg wet-wt)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (assuming a biotransformation rate of zero):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = 0.348 (BCF = 2.226 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = 3.831 (BAF = 6778 L/kg wet-wt)
BCFBAF Program (v3.01) Results:
==============================
SMILES : CCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CC(O)(CC(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC)C(=O)OCC(O)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCC=CCCCCC
CHEM :
MOL FOR: C69 H116 O16
MOL WT : 1201.68
--------------------------------- BCFBAF v3.01 --------------------------------
Summary Results:
Log BCF (regression-based estimate): 0.50 (BCF = 3.16 L/kg wet-wt)
Biotransformation Half-Life (days) : 0.0344 (normalized to 10 g fish)
Log BAF (Arnot-Gobas upper trophic): -0.05 (BAF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Log Kow (experimental): not available from database
Log Kow used by BCF estimates: 18.50
Equation Used to Make BCF estimate:
Log BCF = -0.49 log Kow + 7.554 + Correction
Correction(s): Value
No Applicable Correction Factors
Minimum Log BCF of 0.50 applied when Log Kow > 7
Estimated Log BCF = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162 L/kg wet-wt)
===========================================================
Whole Body Primary Biotransformation Rate Estimate for Fish:
===========================================================
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | LOG BIOTRANSFORMATION FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 3 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.0341 | 0.1024
Frag | 3 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | -0.0616 | -0.1847
Frag | 6 | Ester [-C(=O)-O-C] | -0.7605 | -4.5632
Frag | 1 | Carbon with 4 single bonds & no hydrogens | -0.2984 | -0.2984
Frag | 3 | Methyl [-CH3] | 0.2451 | 0.7353
Frag | 44 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.0242 | 1.0642
Frag | 3 | -CH- [linear] | -0.1912 | -0.5737
Frag | 12 | -C=CH [alkenyl hydrogen] | 0.0988 | 1.1862
Frag | 12 | -C=CH [alkenyl hydrogen] | 0.0000 | 0.0000
L Kow| * | Log Kow = 18.50 (KowWin estimate) | 0.3073 | 5.6868
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -3.0815
Const| * | Equation Constant | | -1.5371
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | LOG Bio Half-Life (days) | | -1.4636
RESULT | Bio Half-Life (days) | | 0.03439
NOTE | Bio Half-Life Normalized to 10 g fish at 15 deg C |
============+============================================+=========+=========
Biotransformation Rate Constant:
kM (Rate Constant): 20.16 /day (10 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 11.34 /day (100 gram fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 6.375 /day (1 kg fish)
kM (Rate Constant): 3.585 /day (10 kg fish)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (including biotransformation rate estimates):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BCF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BAF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (mid trophic) = -0.031 (BCF = 0.9315 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (mid trophic) = -0.031 (BAF = 0.9315 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BCF (lower trophic) = -0.027 (BCF = 0.9402 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (lower trophic) = -0.027 (BAF = 0.9402 L/kg wet-wt)
Arnot-Gobas BCF & BAF Methods (assuming a biotransformation rate of zero):
Estimated Log BCF (upper trophic) = -0.049 (BCF = 0.893 L/kg wet-wt)
Estimated Log BAF (upper trophic) = -0.048 (BAF = 0.8944 L/kg wet-wt)
Description of key information
Experimental bioaccumulation data are not available for Glycerides, C16-18 and C18-unsatd. mono- and di-, citrates (CAS 91052-16-3). The high log Kow (5.36 - 36.44), as an intrinsic chemical property of the substance, indicates a potential for bioaccumulation. However, the information gathered on environmental behaviour and metabolism, in combination with QSAR-estimated values, provide enough evidence (in accordance to the Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, Annex XI General rules for adaptation of the standard testing regime set out in Annexes VII to X, 1.2), to cover the data requirements of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, Annex IX and to state that the substance is likely to show negligible bioaccumulation potential.
Environmental behaviour
Due to ready biodegradability and high potential of adsorption, the substance can be effectively removed in conventional sewage treatment plants (STPs) by biodegradation and by sorption to biomass. The low water solubility (1.86E-37 to 1.2721 mg/L based on QSAR) and high estimated log Kow indicate that the substance is highly lipophilic. If released into the aquatic environment, the substance undergoes extensive biodegradation and sorption to organic matter. Thus, the bioavailability in the water column is reduced rapidly. The relevant route of uptake of the substance in aquatic organisms is considered predominantly by ingestion of particle bound substance.
Metabolism of aliphatic esters
Should the substance be taken up by fish during the process of digestion and absorption in the intestinal tissue it will be metabolised. Aliphatic esters are expected to be initially metabolized via enzymatic hydrolysis to the corresponding free fatty acids and the free fatty alcohols. The hydrolysis is catalyzed by classes of enzymes known as carboxylesterases or esterases (Heymann, 1980). The most important of these are the B-esterases in the hepatocytes of mammals (Heymann, 1980; Anders, 1989). Carboxylesterase activity has been noted in a wide variety of tissues in invertebrates as well as in fish (Leinweber, 1987; Soldano et al., 1992; Barron et al., 1999, Wheelock et al., 2008). The catalytic activity of this enzyme family leads to a rapid biotransformation/metabolism of xenobiotics which reduces the bioaccumulation or bioconcentration potential (Lech & Bend, 1980). It is known for esters that they are readily susceptible to metabolism in fish (Barron et al., 1999) and literature data have clearly shown that esters do not readily bioaccumulate in fish (Rodger & Stalling, 1972; Murphy & Lutenske, 1990; Barron et al., 1990). In fish species, this might be caused by the wide distribution of carboxylesterase, high tissue content, rapid substrate turnover and limited substrate specificity (Lech & Melancon, 1980; Heymann, 1980). Following hydrolysis free glycerol, free fatty acids, citric acid and (in the case of di- and triglycerides) 2-monoacylglycerols will be the result of enzymatic hydrolysis. Please also refer to the toxicokinetic statement in IUCLID section 7.1. The metabolism of the enzymatic hydrolysis products is presented in the following chapter.
Metabolism of enzymatic hydrolysis products
Glycerol
Glycerides, especially triglycerides, are the predominant lipid class in the diet of both marine and freshwater fish. Glycerol is naturally present in animal and vegetable fats, rarely found in free state (mostly combined with fatty acids forming triglycerides) (e.d. Knothe, van Gerpen and Krahl, 2005). If freely available in aquatic organisms, it will not bioaccumulate in view of its log Pow value of -1.76 (OECD SIDS, 2002). Moreover, Glycerol can be metabolised to dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, which can then be incorporated in the standard metabolic pathways of glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
Especially in periods in which the energy demand is high (reproduction, migration, etc.), glycerides are mobilized from the storage sites as source of fatty acids. Fatty acid catabolism is the most important energy source in many species of fish, resulting in the release of acetyl CoA and NADH (through β-oxidation) and eventually, via the tricarboxylic cycle, the production of metabolic energy in the form of ATP. This fatty acid-catabolism pathway is the predominant source of energy related to growth, reproduction and development from egg to adult fish. A similar metabolic pathway is observed in mammals (see IUCLID section 7.1 Basic toxicokinetics).
Fatty acids
The metabolism of fatty acids in mammals is well known and has been investigated intensively in the past (Stryer, 1994). The free fatty acids can either be stored as triglycerides or oxidized via mitochondrial ß-oxidation removing C2-units to provide energy in the form of ATP (Masoro, 1977). Acetyl-CoA, the product of the ß-oxidation, can further be oxidized in the tricarboxylic acid cycle to produce energy in the form of ATP. As fatty acids are naturally stored as trigylcerides in fat tissue and re-mobilized for energy production it can be concluded that even if they bioaccumulate, bioaccumulation will not pose a risk to living organisms. Fatty acids (typically C14 to C24 chain lengths) are also a major component of biological membranes as part of the phospholipid bilayer and therefore part of an essential biological component for the integrity of cells in every living organism (Stryer, 1994). Saturated fatty acids (SFA; C12 - C24) as well as mono-unsaturated (MUFA; C14 - C24) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; C18 - C22) were naturally found in muscle tissue of the rainbow trout (Danabas, 2011) and in the liver (SFA: C14 - C20; MUFA: C16 - C20; PUFA: C18 - C22) of the rainbow trout (Dernekbasi, 2012).
Citric acid is not expected to be bioaccumulative based on the low log Pow (-1.64, KOWWIN v1.68, experimental database).
Data from QSAR calculation
Additional information on bioaccumulation can be taken from BCF/BAF calculations using BCFBAF v3.01. When including biotransformation, BCF and BAF values of 0.893 - 34.81 L/kg were obtained (Arnot-Gobas estimate, including biotransformation, upper trophic). It has to be taken into account that only one component of the UVCB substance is within the applicability domain of the model resulting in a BCF/BAF value of 34.81 L/kg. However, even though the other components of the substance are outside of the applicability domain of the model the (Q)SAR calculations can be used as supporting indication that the potential of bioaccumulation is low. These results support the tendency that substances with high log Kow values have a lower potential for bioconcentration as summarized in the ECHA Guidance R.11 and they are not expected to meet the B/vB criterion (ECHA, 2014).
Conclusion
The biochemical process metabolizing aliphatic esters is ubiquitous in the animal kingdom. Based on the enzymatic hydrolysis of aliphatic esters and the subsequent metabolism of the corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol, it can be concluded that the high log Pow, which indicates a potential for bioaccumulation, overestimates the true bioaccumulation potential of Glycerides, C16-18 and C18-unsatd. mono- and di-, citrates since it does not reflect the metabolism of substances in living organisms. BCF/BAF values estimated with the BCFBAF v3.01 program also indicate that Glycerides, C16-18 and C18-unsatd. mono- and di-, citrates will not be bioaccumulative (all well below 2000 L/kg). Taking all these information into account, it can be concluded that the bioaccumulation potential of Glycerides, C16-18 and C18-unsatd. mono- and di-, citrates is low.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
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