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EC number: 430-750-8 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1998-10-23 to 1999-02-15
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.11 (Biodegradation: Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 850.6800 (Modified Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test for Sparingly Soluble Chemicals)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The test substance was directly weighed into the test flasks.
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge, domestic
- Details on inoculum:
- - Method of cultivation: The Sludge was washed by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. The solid material was resuspended in tap water and again centrifuged. The latter procedure was repeated twice. The washed sludge was diluted with tap water and to this mixture, 50 mL synthetic sewage feed per litre was added daily, starting two days prior to use. The sludge was kept at room temperature under continuous aeration until use. Immediately before use of an aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, dried and the ratio of wet sludge (g) to its dry weight (g) determined. Based on this ratio, a calculated aliquot of washed sludge suspension, corresponding to 4 g dry material per litre, were made up with tap water. The pH of the activated sludge was determined to be pH 7.2.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
- Hardness:
- Not specified
- Test temperature:
- 18 °C during the incubation period
- pH:
- 7.2 to 8.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- at least 7.9 mg/L
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Conductivity:
- Not specified
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 10, 32, 100, 320, 1000 mg/L (nominal concentrations)
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass flasks of approximately 1 litre volume and Karlsruher flasks of 250 mL volume
- Aeration: with compressed air (approximately 0.6 litre per minute)
- No. of vessels per concentration: one replicate
- No. of vessels per control: two replicates
- Biomass loading rate: 4 g dw
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- in accordance to the guideline
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: after 3 hours of incubation measurement of oxygen concentration.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.2 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-Dichlorophenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- Relevant effect levels: 3-hour EC50 was calculated to be 6.4 mg/L (95 % confidence limits could not be calculated).
- Other: The following nominal concentrations of the positive control substance 3,5-Dichlorophenol were tested on the same activated sludge and under identical conditions as the test article: 100, 32 and 10 mg/L. In comparison to the controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was inhibited by 58.6 % at the lowest nominal concentration of 10 mg/L. A t the nominal concentrations of 32 and 100 mg/L, the respiration rate was inhibited by 86.3 and 93.5 %, respectively. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not specified
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- No toxicity was observed up to a nominal concentration of 1000 mg/L after 3 hours of exposure.
- Executive summary:
The inhibitory effect of UREA 4 on the respiration rate of aerobic waste water micro organisms of activated sludge was investigated in a 3-hour respiration test. This study examined five different nominal test substance concentrations in the range from 10 to 1000 mg/L, two inoculum controls and three different concentrations of the reference substance 3,5 - Dichlorophenol in the range from 10 to 100 mg/L. In comparison to the inoculum controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was not inhibited (-0.2 to 2.0 %) at all tested concentrations up to nominal 1000 mg/L. Test substance concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L nominal were not tested. From these inhibition rates, the 3-hour EC20 and 3-hour EC50 could not be quantified because up to the highest nominal test concentration of 1000 mg/L no inhibition of the respiration rates was noted after three hours contact time. Nevertheless, the 3-hour EC20 and 3-hour ECSO are clearly higher than 1000 mg/L nominal under the present test conditions. The 3-hour EC50 for the positive control 3,5-Dichlorophenol, which was tested in the same way as the test article, was found to be 6.4 mg/L and is within the range of 5 - 30 mg/L recommended by the test guidelines; thus, confirming suitability o f the activated sludge.
Reference
Description of key information
The toxicity to microorganisms was assessed at nominal concentrations of 10, 32, 100, 320 and 1000 mg/L for 3 hours. The EC50 was > 1000 mg/L (nominal, limit concentration). The NOEC was greater or equal 1000 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The inhibitory effect of UREA 4 on the respiration rate of aerobic waste water micro organisms of activated sludge was investigated in a 3-hour respiration test according to EU-method C.11, OECD guideline 209 and OPPTS-method 850.6800. This study examined five different nominal test substance concentrations in the range from 10 to 1000 mg/L, two inoculum controls and three different concentrations of the reference substance 3,5 - Dichlorophenol in the range from 10 to 100 mg/L. In comparison to the inoculum controls the respiration rate of the activated sludge was not inhibited (-0.2 to 2.0 %) at all tested concentrations up to nominal 1000 mg/L. Test substance concentrations exceeding 1000 mg/L nominal were not tested. From these inhibition rates, the 3-hour EC20 and 3-hour EC50 could not be quantified because up to the highest nominal test concentration of 1000 mg/L no inhibition of the respiration rates was noted after three hours contact time. Nevertheless, the 3-hour EC20 and 3-hour ECSO are clearly higher than 1000 mg/L nominal under the present test conditions. The 3-hour EC50 for the positive control 3,5-Dichlorophenol, which was tested in the same way as the test article, was found to be 6.4 mg/L and is within the range of 5 - 30 mg/L recommended by the test guidelines; thus, confirming suitability o f the activated sludge.
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