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Registration Dossier
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EC number: 267-008-6 | CAS number: 67762-27-0 This substance is identified by SDA Substance Name: C16-C18 alkyl alcohol and SDA Reporting Number: 19-060-00.
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- QSAR prediction: US EPA accepted QSAR method for chemicals properties assessment. Model considered valid by OECD
- Qualifier:
- no guideline required
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- QSAR-BioWin v 4.10
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- not applicable. QSAR model
- Oxygen conditions:
- other: QSAR
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: QSAR
- Details on inoculum:
- QSAR
- Parameter:
- other: BIOWIN v4.10
- Remarks on result:
- other: Ready Biodegradability Prediction: YES
- Details on results:
- --------------------------- BIOWIN v4.10 Results ----------------------------
Biowin1 (Linear Model Prediction) : Biodegrades Fast
Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Biowin3 (Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe): Weeks
Biowin4 (Primary Biodegradation Timeframe): Days
Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model Prediction) : Biodegrades Fast
Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Biowin7 (Anaerobic Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: YES - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The BIOWIN QSAR predicts that the substance Alcohols, C16-18 will be readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
The estimated Biodegradetion in Water was measured by calculation from EPI SuiteTM v4.1/BIOWIN v4.10 Program and Ready Biodegradation was predicted. This is Exposure Assessment Tools and Models made from EPA (Environmental Protection Agency).
BIOWIN v4.10 Results:
Biowin1 (Linear Model Prediction) : Biodegrades Fast
Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Biowin3 (Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe): Weeks
Biowin4 (Primary Biodegradation Timeframe): Days
Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model Prediction) : Biodegrades Fast
Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Biowin7 (Anaerobic Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: YES
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The test method used is based on OECD test method 301D and the RDA-Blok-Test. It is especially suitable for poorly water-soluble compounds. The test medium is inoculated and the test chemical added. The test vessels are then closedand shaken continuously. Weekly measurements of the BOD fromthe aqueous phase are taken.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- effluent from predominantly domestic sewage treatment plant
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Based on:
- COD
- Reference substance:
- not specified
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- 58
- Sampling time:
- 7 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- 73
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- 77
- Sampling time:
- 21 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- 81
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The substance degraded >60% over the test period. Insufficient information is reported to confirm whether the 10 day window criterion was met but since 58% degradation was attained by day 7, the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The substance degraded >60% over the test period. Insufficient information is reported to confirm whether the 10 day window criterion was met but since 58% degradation was attained by day 7, the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
The substance degraded >60% over the test period. Insufficient information is reported to confirm whether the 10 day window criterion was met but since 58% degradation was attained by day 7, the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The following validity criteria were met:
(1) the blanks were valid for this test, the maximum milligrams of carbon dioxide were well within the 40 mg/l range (13.5-18.8 mg/l),
(2) the reference substance reached the pass level within 14 days.
Duplicate assays were performed, although the samples wereprepared differently. The first sample was prepared by direct addition of a single piece of solid material to the test vessel, while the second was added using a heated dropper to produce round solid droplets. Results were not within +/- 20% for the two samples. - GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- Inoculum concentration: 3 - 5 g/l suspended solids, diluted 200 ml to 3 litres in mineral medium.
Test volume: 3000 ml
Temperature: not reported
pH: not reported - Duration of test (contact time):
- 46 d
- Initial conc.:
- 40 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Reference substance:
- other: Sodium acetate
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 57
- Sampling time:
- 8 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 72.3
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 82.3
- Sampling time:
- 22 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 83
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The test substance did not meet the '10-day window' rule for ready biodegradation. The test substance required 5 extra days for a total of 15 days to reach 60% of maximum theoretical carbon dioxide production. The reference substance Sodium acetate degraded by 84% after 28 days.
- Results with reference substance:
- Control Subst.: Sodium acetate
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable, but failing 10-day window
- Conclusions:
- Chain lengths of C16-18 achieved ready test pass levels, but not within the 10 day window.
- Executive summary:
Chain lengths of C16-18 achieved ready test pass levels, but not within the 10 day window.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO Draft (BOD Test for Insoluble Substances)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: two phase closed bottle test
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- effluent from predominantly domestic sewage treatment plant
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Based on:
- COD
- Reference substance:
- not specified
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- >= 56 - <= 62
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Degradation: = 56 - 62 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Degradation: = 56 - 62 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
Degradation: = 56 - 62 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO Draft (BOD Test for Insoluble Substances)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Method: two phase closed bottle test
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- effluent from predominantly domestic sewage treatment plant
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Based on:
- COD
- Reference substance:
- not specified
- Parameter:
- % degradation (test mat. analysis)
- Value:
- >= 81 - <= 100
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Degradation: = 81 - 100 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Degradation: = 81 - 100 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
Degradation: = 81 - 100 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- This test was carried out according to the guidelines of OECD Guide-line 301 B "Ready Biodegradability: Modified Sturm Test (CO2 evolution)"
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- Inoculum concentration: 3 - 5 g/l suspended solids, diluted 200 ml to 3 litres in mineral medium.
Test volume: 3000 ml
Temperature: not reported
pH: not reported - Duration of test (contact time):
- 46 d
- Initial conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Reference substance:
- other: Sodium acetate
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- >= 3 - <= 10
- Sampling time:
- 12 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- >= 7 - <= 21
- Sampling time:
- 19 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- >= 21 - <= 65
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- >= 55 - <= 91
- Sampling time:
- 46 d
- Details on results:
- The substance degraded 21-65% in 28 days at 20 mg/L. The substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
- Results with reference substance:
- Control Subst.: Sodium acetate
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable, but failing 10-day window
- Conclusions:
- The substance degraded 21-65% in 28 days at 20 mg/L. The substance is considered to be readily biodegradable. Chain lengths of C16-18 achieved ready test pass levels, but not within the 10 day window
- Executive summary:
The substance degraded 21-65% in 28 days at 20 mg/L. The substance is considered to be readily biodegradable. Chain lengths of C16-18 achieved ready test pass levels, but not within the 10 day window.
Referenceopen allclose all
BIOWIN (v4.10) Program Results:
==============================
SMILES : CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO
CHEM : Alcohols, C16-18
MOL FOR: C16 H34 O1
MOL WT : 242.45
--------------------------- BIOWIN v4.10 Results ----------------------------
Biowin1 (Linear Model Prediction) : Biodegrades Fast
Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Biowin3 (Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe): Weeks
Biowin4 (Primary Biodegradation Timeframe): Days
Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model Prediction) : Biodegrades Fast
Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Biowin7 (Anaerobic Model Prediction): Biodegrades Fast
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: YES
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin1 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.1084 | 0.1084
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | 0.1587 | 0.1587
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -0.1154
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 0.7475
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin1 (Linear Biodeg Probability) | | 0.8993
============+============================================+=========+=========
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin2 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 1.8437 | 1.8437
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | 1.1178 | 1.1178
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -3.4428
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin2 (Non-Linear Biodeg Probability) | | 0.9260
============+============================================+=========+=========
A Probability Greater Than or Equal to 0.5 indicates --> Biodegrades Fast
A Probability Less Than 0.5 indicates --> Does NOT Biodegrade Fast
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin3 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.2983 | 0.2983
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | 0.1600 | 0.1600
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -0.5358
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 3.1992
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin3 (Survey Model - Ultimate Biodeg) | | 3.1217
============+============================================+=========+=========
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin4 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | 0.2691 | 0.2691
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | 0.1294 | 0.1294
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -0.3498
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 3.8477
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin4 (Survey Model - Primary Biodeg) | | 3.8965
============+============================================+=========+=========
Result Classification: 5.00 -> hours 4.00 -> days 3.00 -> weeks
(Primary & Ultimate) 2.00 -> months 1.00 -> longer
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin5 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | 0.1611 | 0.1611
Frag | 1 | Methyl [-CH3] | 0.0004 | 0.0004
Frag | 15 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.0494 | 0.7412
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -0.7213
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 0.7121
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin5 (MITI Linear Biodeg Probability) | | 0.8936
============+============================================+=========+=========
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin6 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | 1.0041 | 1.0041
Frag | 1 | Methyl [-CH3] | 0.0194 | 0.0194
Frag | 15 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.4295 | 6.4424
MolWt| * | Molecular Weight Parameter | | -6.9992
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT |Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Biodeg Probability)| | 0.9522
============+============================================+=========+=========
A Probability Greater Than or Equal to 0.5 indicates --> Readily Degradable
A Probability Less Than 0.5 indicates --> NOT Readily Degradable
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
TYPE | NUM | Biowin7 FRAGMENT DESCRIPTION | COEFF | VALUE
------+-----+--------------------------------------------+---------+---------
Frag | 1 | Linear C4 terminal chain [CCC-CH3] | -0.3177 | -0.3177
Frag | 1 | Aliphatic alcohol [-OH] | 0.1328 | 0.1328
Frag | 1 | Methyl [-CH3] | -0.0796 | -0.0796
Frag | 15 | -CH2- [linear] | 0.0260 | 0.3898
Const| * | Equation Constant | | 0.8361
============+============================================+=========+=========
RESULT | Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Biodeg Prob) | | 0.9614
============+============================================+=========+=========
A Probability Greater Than or Equal to 0.5 indicates --> Biodegrades Fast
A Probability Less Than 0.5 indicates --> Does NOT Biodegrade Fast
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: (YES or NO)
----------------------------------------------
Criteria for the YES or NO prediction: If the Biowin3 (ultimate survey
model) result is "weeks" or faster (i.e. "days", "days to weeks", or
"weeks" AND the Biowin5 (MITI linear model) probability is >= 0.5, then
the prediction is YES (readily biodegradable). If this condition is not
satisfied, the prediction is NO (not readily biodegradable). This method
is based on application of Bayesian analysis to ready biodegradation data
(see Help). Biowin5 and 6 also predict ready biodegradability, but for
degradation in the OECD301C test only; using data from the Chemicals
Evaluation and Research Institute Japan (CERIJ) database.
Description of key information
Biodegradation in water:screening tests
Data of following studies are demonstrating rapid biodegradation Alcohols, C16-18 under aerobic conditions.
Morris, P.A., Filler, P.A., and Nielsen, A.M. (1991) conducted OECD 301B test and the result is that 21-65% at 20 mg/L of Degradation was achieved within 28 days. The test substance required 5 extra days for a total of 15 days to reach 60% of maximum theoretical carbon dioxide production. The substance achieved ready test pass levels, but not within the 10 day window.
Henkel KGaA. , 1999 conducted OECD 301D test for Biodegradation of Alcohols, C16-18.
58% degradation was attained by day 7, the substance and 81% by day 28 and the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
Henkel KGaA. , 1999 conducted ISO Draft (BOD Test for Insoluble Substances) test for Biodegradation of Alcohols, C16-18.
Degradation was 56 - 62 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
Henkel KGaA. , 1999 conducted also another ISO Draft (BOD Test for Insoluble Substances) test for Biodegradation of Alcohols, C16-18.
Degradation was 81 - 100 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable
The BIOWIN QSAR predicts that the substance Alcohols, C16-18 will be readily biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
Biodegradation in water:screening tests
Data of following studies are demonstrating rapid biodegradation Alcohols, C16-18 under aerobic conditions.
Morris, P.A., Filler, P.A., and Nielsen, A.M. (1991) conducted OECD 301Btest and the result is that21-65% at 20 mg/L of Degradation was achieved within 28 days. The test substance required 5 extra days for a total of 15 days to reach 60% of maximum theoretical carbon dioxide production.The substanceachieved ready test pass levels, but not within the 10 day window.
Henkel KGaA. , 1999conducted OECD 301D test for Biodegradation of Alcohols, C16-18.
58% degradation was attained by day 7, the substance and 81% by day 28 and the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
Henkel KGaA. , 1999conducted ISO Draft (BOD Test for Insoluble Substances) test for Biodegradation of Alcohols, C16-18.
Degradation was 56 - 62 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable.
Henkel KGaA. , 1999conductedalso anotherISO Draft (BOD Test for Insoluble Substances)testforBiodegradation ofAlcohols, C16-18.
Degradation was 81 - 100 % after 28 day(s) , the substance is considered to be readily biodegradable
The BIOWIN QSAR predicts that the substance Alcohols, C16-18 will be readily biodegradable.
Table Summary of Biodegradation in water:screening tests
Type/ Method |
Test material |
Degradation |
Duration |
References |
|
Aerobic/ OECD 301B |
Alcohols, C16-18 |
21-65% in 28 days at 20 mg/L |
28 days |
Morris, P.A., Filler, P.A., and Nielsen, A.M. (1991) |
|
Aerobic/ OECD 301D |
Alcohols, C16-18 |
81% 58% |
28days 7 days |
Henkel KGaA. , 1999 |
|
Aerobic/ ISO Draft (BOD Test for Insoluble Substances) |
Alcohols, C16-18 |
56 - 62 % |
28 days |
Henkel KGaA. , 1999 |
|
Aerobic/ ISO Draft (BOD Test for Insoluble Substances) |
Alcohols, C16-18 |
81 - 100 % |
28 days |
Henkel KGaA. , 1999 |
|
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
