Butyl benzoate

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

From 2010-12-05 to 2010-12-10

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Remarks:

Well documented study according to OECD guideline 439 and EU Method B.4. Limited information available on test item

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2012

Report date:

2012

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Remarks:

according to Good Laboratory Practice Regulations 21 CFR 58 (FDA), 40 CFR Part 792 (EPA-TSCA), and the OECD Principles [ENV/MC/CHEM(98)17]

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Butyl benzoate

EC Number:

205-252-7

EC Name:

Butyl benzoate

Cas Number:

136-60-7

Molecular formula:

C11H14O2

IUPAC Name:

butyl benzoate

Test material form:

liquid

Specific details on test material used for the study:

SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: not available
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: no data
- Purity test date: no data

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature
- Stability under test conditions: no data

TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing: the test item was applied neat

Test animals

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Millbrook
- Age at study initiation: 12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 2.7 to 3.0 kilograms
- Housing: indiviudally housed in compliance with USDA Guidelines. No other species were kept in the same room
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): all animals had access to PMI Certified Hi-Fiber Rabbit Diet #5325.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum, tap water, via an automatic watering device
- Acclimation period: minimum of 5 days prior to dosing. During the acclimation period, each rabbit was observed at least once daily for any abnormalities or for the development of infectious desease. Only animals that were determined to be suitable for use were assigned to this study.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 16 to 20°C
- Humidity (%): 25 to 48%
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Test system

Type of coverage:

not specified

Preparation of test site:

clipped

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

no

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 mL

Duration of treatment / exposure:

3 minutes, 60 minutes and 4 hours

Observation period:

3 days (after patch removal)

Number of animals:

3 females

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 5 cm x 5 cm
- % coverage: no data
- Type of wrap if used: the test article was applied to an area (approximately 5 cm x 5 cm) on the dorsal trunk of each animal and covered with a gauze patch. The patch was lossely held in contact with the skin. The truk of the animal was wrapped with an elastic bandage dressing, which was held in place with non-irritating tape for the duration of the exposure period.
- Within 24 hours before initiation of the test, fur was removed from the dorsal trunk of each animal by clipping. Care was taken to avoid abrading the skin. Only animals with healthy skin were used. The animals were clipped as deemed necessary during the study to facilitate observations.
- In the interest of animal welfare the test began with the application of the test article to three intact test sites on a single animal. The first site was dosed and the patch was removed after 3 minutes and the response was graded. Since no serious skin reaction was observed, the second and third sites were dosed and the second patch was removed 1 hour and the repsonse was graded. Since the observations at this stage indicated that a four-hour exposure was necessary and could be humanely conducted, the third site patch was removed 4 hours after its application and the response was graded.

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): At the end of the exposure period, residual test article was removed using mineral oil and gauze, without altering the existing response or the integrity of the epidermis.
- Time after start of exposure: 4 hours

OBSERVATION TIME POINTS
- Mortality/morbidity: once daily
- Clinical observations: prior to dose administration and then daily
- Dermal observations:
3 minute and 60 minute sites: the animal was examined for signs of erythema and edema and the responses scored immediately after patch removal and at 30-60 minutes, and daily through Day 4.
4 hour sites: animals were examined for signs of erythema and edema and the responses scored at 30-60 minutes, 24, 48 and 72 hours (+/- 1 hour) after patch removal.
- Body weight: prior to dose administration and after the final skin grading.

SCORING SYSTEM:
- Dermal irritation was scored according to Draize. In addition to the observation of irritation, any lesions and other signs of toxicity were described.

Results and discussion

In vivo

Results

Results 1

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Remarks:

3 minute exposure

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Results 2

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Remarks:

3 minute exposure

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Results 3

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Remarks:

1 hour exposure

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

1

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Results 4

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Remarks:

1 hour exposure

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Results 5

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Remarks:

4 hour exposure

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

1

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Results 6

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Remarks:

4 hour exposure

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 hours

Results 7

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Remarks:

4 hour exposure

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 72 hours

Results 8

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Remarks:

4 hour exposure

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 hours

Results 9

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Remarks:

4 hour exposure

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 48 hours

Results 10

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Remarks:

4 hour exposure

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

24/48/72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: not applicable

Irritant / corrosive response data:

- 3 minute exposure: no erythema and no edema; no other skin response observed.
- 60 minute exposure: well-defined erythema and no edema; no other skin response observed.
- 4 hour exposure: well-defined erythema with slight edema: no other skin response observed

Other effects:

Mortality/clinical observations:
- No mortality was observed during the study. No clinical signs were recorded during the course of the study.

Body weight:
Mean initial body weight ± SD: 2.8 ± 0.15 kg
Mean final body weight ± SD: 2.9 ± 0.12 kg

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

The test substance was found to be non-irritating to the skin of rabbits according to the EEC Irritation Rating and the GHS Classification was also non-irritating.