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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

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Description of key information

No toxic effects to aquatic invertebrates up to the limit of water solubility (<1mg/L); read-across

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

In accordance to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5 a read across to two structurally related category members decanoic acid, mixed esters with heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, pentaerythritol and valeric acid (CAS No. 71010-76-9) and fatty acids, C5-9 tetraesters with pentaerythritol (CAS 67762-53-2) in order to fulfil the data requirements according to Annex VII-IX. This read-across is justified in detail in the overall summary (IUCLID chapter 6.1) and within the category justification in IUCLID Section 13. In this case of read-across, the best suited (highest degree of structural similarity, nearest physico-chemical properties) read-across substances were used for the assessment. All read-across substances have the same alcohol component, i.e. pentaerythritol, and are tetra-esters with a fatty acid chain length within the range of C5 – C10 are comparable to the target substance with chain length of C5.

The short-term toxicity of decanoic acid, mixed esters with heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, pentaerythritol and valeric acid (CAS No. 71010-76-9) to aquatic invertebrates was investigated according to OECD 202 using Daphnia magna as test organism under static condition (Blattenberger, 2006). The test solutions were prepared by adding the appropriate amount of test substance with subsequent stirring and sampling of the aqueous portions (WAFs) through the outlet at the bottom of the vessels. Loading rate WAFs of 62, 132, 251, 503 and 1072 mg/L were tested. No immobilisation was observed in any treatment and the control throughout the test period of 48 h. Hence, the 48 h-EL50 is determined to be > 1072 mg/L based on the nominal test concentration.

The short-term toxicity of fatty acids, C5-9 tetraesters with pentaerythritol (CAS 67762-35-2) to aquatic invertebrates was investigated in a study according to OECD 202 using Daphnia magna as test organism under static conditions (Migchielsen, 2012). The WAFs were prepared by adding the appropriate amount of test substance with subsequent stirring and sampling of the aqueous portions A nominal test concentration of 100 mg/L, corresponding to a measured concentration of 1.3 mg/L, was tested. No immobilisation was observed in the treatment throughout the test period of 48 h. Hence, the 48 h-EL50 is determined to be > 100 mg/L based on the nominal test concentration and > 1.3 mg/L based on the measured concentration. It can therefore be concluded that the test substance will not exhibit short-term effects to aquatic invertebrates up to the limit of water solubility.

These findings are supported by two further read-across studies to the TMP group where the short term toxicity of Decanoic acid, ester with 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol octanoate (CAS-No. 11138-60-6), and Fatty acids, C8-10 mixed esters with dipenaterythritol, isooctanoic acid, pentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol (CAS 189200-48-8) was investigated according to OECD 202. All measured results from 48 -hour toxicity studies indicate the test substance is of low toxicity toDaphnia magna. The 11138-60-6 study (Häner, 2007) determined EL 50 (48h) > 100 mg/L (WAF loading rate) and Febbo (1995) observed an EL50 > 1000 mg/L, WAF loading rate.

Based on these results from structurally related read-across substances (in accordance to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 Annex XI, 1.5) which are characterized by a similar ecotoxicological profile, it can be concluded that registered substance, Tetra-esterification products of C5, C7, C8, C9, C10 fatty acids with pentraerythritol, (CAS 68424-31-7) , will not exhibit short-term toxic effects to aquatic invertebrates up to the limit of water solubility.

In addition a long term toxicty test to aquatic invertebrates has been proposed for CAS 68424 -31 -7, hence the chemical safety assessment will be updated accordingly. As it can be seen in the data matrix of the category justification in section 13 and the overall summary, all reliable data in the category support the hazard assessment of each category member by showing a consistent pattern of results.