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Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Remarks:
Study meets the criteria for Klimisch score 1 because it followed an internationally recognised method (OECD Guideline 301D) and was carried out to Good Laboratory Practice. However as this study is used in the context of a read across, Klimisch 2 is assigned.
Justification for type of information:
REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
The read across follows Scenario 5 - Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects are caused by a common compound, which is formed from all category members (as described in the 2017 Read-Across Assessment Framework document).
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
TARGET: Benzenesulfonic acid, di-C10-14-alkyl derivs., sodium salts
SOURCE: Benzenesulfonic acid C16-C24 alkaryl derivative, calcium salt
3. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION
Linear and non-linear or branched alkylbenzene sulfonates are anionic surfactants with molecules characterized by a hydrophobic (apolar) and a hydrophilic (polar) group. As a group of chemicals, they are generally mixtures of closely related isomers and homologues. Each molecule contains an aromatic ring sulfonated at the para position and attached to either a linear or a branched alkyl chain at any position except the terminal carbons. The sulfonate group is a common functional group present in each of the category members, and is expected to exhibit similar biological activities with little influence from the length of carbon chain. The cation components of the chemicals (e.g. calcium, magnesium, sodium, or barium) are not expected to contribute significantly to the toxicity.
4. DATA MATRIX
See Read Across document attached to CSR
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Activated sludge bacteria from domestic sewage treatment plant used at about 1 drop sludge filterate inoculum basal medium.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
2 mg/L
Based on:
COD
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
other: COD
Details on study design:
Duplicate test vessels were used for the test substance, positive control and control blank. Test vessels were incubated at 20 ± 1°C.
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Reference substance:
aniline
Test performance:
The positive controls were degraded by >60% within 28 days.
Key result
Parameter:
other: COD
Value:
8
Sampling time:
28 d
Remarks on result:
other: Additional sampling conducted on days 1, 3, 6, 10, 14 and 21 days.
Results with reference substance:
Sodium benzoate 97% after 28 days; aniline 61% after 28 days.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
Both the reference substances achieved greater or equal to 60% degradation, and therefore, the test was valid.
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
Only 8% biodegredation was observed after 28 days, therefore this substance is not Readily Biodegradable under testing conditions.
Executive summary:

A 28-day aerobic ready biodegradability study (to OECD Guideline No. 301D – Closed Bottle Test) was carried out using an analog of the submission substance (CAS Number 70024-71-4). The effects of the test substance on ready biodegradability were assessed based on the measurement of chemical oxygen demand (COD) using an activated sludge inoculum (from a domestic wastewater plant) that was not pre-adapted to the test substance. Test performance was evaluated using the reference substances sodium benzoate and aniline.

 

This toxicity study is classified as reliable without restriction (Klimisch Code 1) and satisfies the guideline requirement for biodegradation in water-screening tests.

 

Results Synopsis

 

There was only 8% degradation of the test substance after 28 days.

There was 97% and 61% degradation of the reference substances sodium benzoate and aniline after 28 days meaning the test was considered valid.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Remarks:
Study meets the requirements for Klimisch code 1 because it followed an internationally recognised method (OECD Guideline 301F) and was conducted according to Good Laboratory Practice. However as this study is used in the context of a read across, Klimisch 2 is assigned.
Justification for type of information:
REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
The read across follows Scenario 5 - Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects are caused by a common compound, which is formed from all category members (as described in the 2017 Read-Across Assessment Framework document).
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
TARGET: Benzenesulfonic acid, di-C10-14-alkyl derivs., sodium salts
SOURCE: Sulfonic acid, petroleum, calcium salt
3. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION

Linear and non-linear or branched alkylbenzene sulfonates are anionic surfactants with molecules characterized by a hydrophobic (apolar) and a hydrophilic (polar) group. As a group of chemicals, they are generally mixtures of closely related isomers and homologues. Each molecule contains an aromatic ring sulfonated at the para position and attached to either a linear or a branched alkyl chain at any position except the terminal carbons. The sulfonate group is a common functional group present in each of the category members, and is expected to exhibit similar biological activities with little influence from the length of carbon chain. The cation components of the chemicals (e.g. calcium, magnesium, sodium, or barium) are not expected to contribute significantly to the toxicity.
4. DATA MATRIX
See Read Across document attached to CSR
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
Deviations:
no
Remarks:
None reported
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, domestic, adapted
Details on inoculum:
Supernatent from homogenised activated sludge was used as an inoculum.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
ThOD/L
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
The supernatent from the homogenized activated sludge was used as an innoculum. The innoculum was pre adapted to the test material for 14 days, during which the test substance was added incrementally at conc equivalent to 4, 8, and 16 mg carbon/l on days 0, 7 and 12. The targeted microbial level was 10,000 to 100,000 cells/ml. A measured volume of the inoculated mineral medium containing approximately 100 mg/l test substance was stirred continuously in a closed system for 28 days. Test vessels were incubated at 23 ± 1°C.
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Test performance:
The positive control was degraded by >60% within 3 days.
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
8.6
Sampling time:
28 d
Results with reference substance:
The reference substance was degraded by >60% within 3 days and 88.8% degraded after 28 days.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
The reference substance achived >60% degradation, therefore, the test was considered valid.
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Executive summary:

A 28 day aerobic ready biodegradability study (to OECD Guideline No. 301F – Closed Bottle Test) was carried out using an analog of the submission substance (CAS Number 70024-71-4). The effects of the test substance on ready biodegradability were assessed based on the measurement of oxygen uptake using an activated sludge inoculum (from a domestic wastewater plant) that was pre-adapted to the test substance for 14 days. Test performance was evaluated using the reference substance sodium benzoate.

 

This toxicity study is classified as reliable without restriction (Klimisch Code 1) and satisfies the guideline requirement for biodegradation in water-screening tests.

 

Results Synopsis

 

There was only 8.6% degradation of the test substance after 28 days.

There was 89% degradation of of the reference substance sodium benzoate after 28 days meaning the test was considered valid.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Remarks:
Study meets the criteria for Klimisch code 1 because it followed an internationally recognised method (OECD Guideline 301B) and was carried out to Good Laboratory Practice. However as this study is used in the context of a read across, Klimisch 2 is assigned.
Justification for type of information:
REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
The read across follows Scenario 5 - Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects are caused by a common compound, which is formed from all category members (as described in the 2017 Read-Across Assessment Framework document).
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
TARGET: Benzenesulfonic acid, di-C10-14-alkyl derivs., sodium salts
SOURCE: magnesium long chain alkaryl sulfonate
3. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION

Linear and non-linear or branched alkylbenzene sulfonates are anionic surfactants with molecules characterized by a hydrophobic (apolar) and a hydrophilic (polar) group. As a group of chemicals, they are generally mixtures of closely related isomers and homologues. Each molecule contains an aromatic ring sulfonated at the para position and attached to either a linear or a branched alkyl chain at any position except the terminal carbons. The sulfonate group is a common functional group present in each of the category members, and is expected to exhibit similar biological activities with little influence from the length of carbon chain. The cation components of the chemicals (e.g. calcium, magnesium, sodium, or barium) are not expected to contribute significantly to the toxicity.
4. DATA MATRIX
See Read Across document attached to CSR
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
Deviations:
no
Remarks:
None reported
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
Details on inoculum:
Activated sludge from domestic wastewater treatment works prepared per test guideline.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
20 other: mg C/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
CO2 evolution
Details on study design:
Triplicate test vessels were used for the test substance, positive control and the control blank. Test vessels were incubated at 20-23°C.
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Test performance:
The positive control was degraded by >60% within 28 days.
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (CO2 evolution)
Value:
1.5
Sampling time:
28 d
Remarks on result:
other: With additional sampling on days 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21 and 24
Results with reference substance:
89.2% after 28 days.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
The reference substance achieved greater than or equal to 60% degradation, and therefore, the test is considered valid.
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Executive summary:

A 28 day aerobic ready biodegradability study (to OECD Guideline No. 301B – Modified Sturm Test) was carried out using an analogue of the submission substance (CAS Number 70024-71-4). The effects of the test substance on ready biodegradability were assessed based on the measurement of carbon dioxide evolution using an activated sludge inoculum (from a domestic wastewater plant) that was not pre-adapted to the test substance. Test performance was evaluated using the reference substance sodium benzoate.

 

 This toxicity study is classified as reliable without restriction (Klimisch Code 1) and satisfies the guideline requirement for biodegradation in water-screening tests.

 

Results Synopsis

 

There was only 1.5% degradation of the test substance after 28 days.

There was 89% degradation of of the reference substance sodium benzoate after 28 days meaning the test was considered valid.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Remarks:
Study meets the criteria for Klimisch score 1 because it followed an internationally recognised method (OECD Guideline 301B) and was carried out to Good Laboratory Practice. However as this study is used in the context of a read across, Klimisch 2 is assigned.
Justification for type of information:
REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
The read across follows Scenario 5 - Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects are caused by a common compound, which is formed from all category members (as described in the 2017 Read-Across Assessment Framework document).
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
TARGET: Benzenesulfonic acid, di-C10-14-alkyl derivs., sodium salts
SOURCE: Calcium alkaryl sulfonate
3. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION

Linear and non-linear or branched alkylbenzene sulfonates are anionic surfactants with molecules characterized by a hydrophobic (apolar) and a hydrophilic (polar) group. As a group of chemicals, they are generally mixtures of closely related isomers and homologues. Each molecule contains an aromatic ring sulfonated at the para position and attached to either a linear or a branched alkyl chain at any position except the terminal carbons. The sulfonate group is a common functional group present in each of the category members, and is expected to exhibit similar biological activities with little influence from the length of carbon chain. The cation components of the chemicals (e.g. calcium, magnesium, sodium, or barium) are not expected to contribute significantly to the toxicity.
4. DATA MATRIX
See Read Across document attached to CSR
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
read-across: supporting information
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
Deviations:
no
Remarks:
None reported
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
Details on inoculum:
Activated sludge from a domestic wastewater treatment plant prepared per test guideline.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
20 other: mg C/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
CO2 evolution
Details on study design:
Triplicate test vessels were used for the test substance, positive control and control blank. Test vessels were incubated at 20-23°C.
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (CO2 evolution)
Value:
9.1
Sampling time:
28 d
Remarks on result:
other: With additional sampling on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, 17, 20 and 24
Results with reference substance:
86.1% degradation after 28 days.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
The reference substance achieved greater ir equal to 60% degradation, and therefore, the test was considered valid
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Executive summary:

A 28-day aerobic ready biodegradability study (to OECD Guideline No. 301B – Modified Sturm Test) was carried out using an analogue of the submission substance. The effects of the test substance on ready biodegradability were assessed based on the measurement of carbon dioxide evolution using an activated sludge inoculum (from a domestic wastewater plant) that was not pre-adapted to the test substance. Test performance was evaluated using the reference substance sodium benzoate.

 

This toxicity study is classified as reliable without restriction (Klimisch Code 1) and satisfies the guideline requirement for biodegradation in water-screening tests.

 

Results Synopsis

 

There was only 9.1% degradation of the test substance after 28 days.

There was 86% degradation of of the reference substance sodium benzoate after 28 days meaning the test was considered valid.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
October 3, 2006 - November 29, 2006
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Remarks:
No report on this study was provided to WRc, therefore, this data has not been reviewed. All data provided in this study record was entered by the data owner.
Justification for type of information:
REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
The read across follows Scenario 5 - Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects are caused by a common compound, which is formed from all category members (as described in the 2017 Read-Across Assessment Framework document).
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
TARGET: Benzenesulfonic acid, di-C10-14-alkyl derivs., sodium salts
SOURCE: Calcium long chain alkaryl sulphonate
3. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION

Linear and non-linear or branched alkylbenzene sulfonates are anionic surfactants with molecules characterized by a hydrophobic (apolar) and a hydrophilic (polar) group. As a group of chemicals, they are generally mixtures of closely related isomers and homologues. Each molecule contains an aromatic ring sulfonated at the para position and attached to either a linear or a branched alkyl chain at any position except the terminal carbons. The sulfonate group is a common functional group present in each of the category members, and is expected to exhibit similar biological activities with little influence from the length of carbon chain. The cation components of the chemicals (e.g. calcium, magnesium, sodium, or barium) are not expected to contribute significantly to the toxicity.
4. DATA MATRIX
See Read Across document attached to CSR
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
A fresh sample of activated sludge was colIected from the aeration tank of Shenyang Fairy Ever Sewage Treatment Center. This plant is a main sewage plant in Shenyang for domestic waste treatment. Some of the sample was shaken for 24 hours, and the coarse particles were removed by filtration through a fine sieve and kept aerobic. The sludge was washed in the mineral nutrient medium, suspended to yield a concentration of 3-5g SS/L with dry weight method, and aerated until required thereafter.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
10 mg/L
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
CO2 evolution
Details on study design:
See attached study report for details
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Preliminary study:
See attached study report for details
Test performance:
See attached study report for details
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (CO2 evolution)
Value:
78.6
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
The accumulated percentage biodegradation in activated sludge 1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 13, 15, 17,23,26 and 28 days after treatment were 2.44%, 4.82%, 11.4%, 16.7%, 28.9%, 42.6%, 52.9%, 65.5%, 72.9%, 74.2%, 75.8% and 78.6%. Ten percent degradation had been reached after approximately 5 days and within the 10-day window, biodegradation of the test substance, {CAS# 722503-68-6} had reached the pass level of 60%.

See attached study report for details

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
readily biodegradable
Conclusions:
Based on these results and the grading criteria in the Guidelines for the Hazard Evaluation of New Chemical Substances, State Environmental Protection Agency of P.R.C. (HJ/T 154-2004), the test substance, {CAS# 722503-68-6} was concluded as easily (readily) biodegradable in this test condition.
Executive summary:

Based on these results and the grading criteria in the Guidelines for the Hazard Evaluation of New Chemical Substances, State Environmental Protection Agency of P.RC. (HJ/T 154-2004), the test substance, {CAS# 722503-68-6} was concluded as easily (readily) biodegradable in this test condition.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
December 16, 2004 to February 25. 2005
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Remarks:
There were no circumstances which might have affected the reliability of the test results No report on this study was provided to WRc, therefore, this data has not been reviewed. All data provided in this study record was entered by the data owner.
Justification for type of information:
REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
The read across follows Scenario 5 - Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects are caused by a common compound, which is formed from all category members (as described in the 2017 Read-Across Assessment Framework document).
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
TARGET: Benzenesulfonic acid, di-C10-14-alkyl derivs., sodium salts
SOURCE: Calcium long chain alkaryl sulphonate
3. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION

Linear and non-linear or branched alkylbenzene sulfonates are anionic surfactants with molecules characterized by a hydrophobic (apolar) and a hydrophilic (polar) group. As a group of chemicals, they are generally mixtures of closely related isomers and homologues. Each molecule contains an aromatic ring sulfonated at the para position and attached to either a linear or a branched alkyl chain at any position except the terminal carbons. The sulfonate group is a common functional group present in each of the category members, and is expected to exhibit similar biological activities with little influence from the length of carbon chain. The cation components of the chemicals (e.g. calcium, magnesium, sodium, or barium) are not expected to contribute significantly to the toxicity.
4. DATA MATRIX
See Read Across document attached to CSR
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Japanese Guidelines
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Japanese Authorities
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
See attached study report for details
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
formulation
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Details on study design:
See attached study report for details
Reference substance:
aniline
Preliminary study:
See attached study report for details
Test performance:
See attached study report for details
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
1
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
On day 28, the average degradability besed on BOD was 1 %, and the average degradability based on residual substance was 1 %.
Key result
Parameter:
BOD5
Value:
76 mg O2/g test mat.
Key result
Parameter:
COD
Value:
20 mg O2/g test mat.
Results with reference substance:
See attached study report for details

See attached study report for details

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
The substance is not readily biodegradable.
Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
11/10/97 - 1/15/98
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Remarks:
No report on this study was provided to WRc, therefore, this data has not been reviewed. All data provided in this study record was entered by the data owner.
Justification for type of information:
REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
The read across follows Scenario 5 - Qualitatively and quantitatively similar effects are caused by a common compound, which is formed from all category members (as described in the 2017 Read-Across Assessment Framework document).
2. SOURCE AND TARGET CHEMICAL(S) (INCLUDING INFORMATION ON PURITY AND IMPURITIES)
TARGET: Benzenesulfonic acid, di-C10-14-alkyl derivs., sodium salts
SOURCE: Calcium long chain alkaryl sulphonate
3. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION

Linear and non-linear or branched alkylbenzene sulfonates are anionic surfactants with molecules characterized by a hydrophobic (apolar) and a hydrophilic (polar) group. As a group of chemicals, they are generally mixtures of closely related isomers and homologues. Each molecule contains an aromatic ring sulfonated at the para position and attached to either a linear or a branched alkyl chain at any position except the terminal carbons. The sulfonate group is a common functional group present in each of the category members, and is expected to exhibit similar biological activities with little influence from the length of carbon chain. The cation components of the chemicals (e.g. calcium, magnesium, sodium, or barium) are not expected to contribute significantly to the toxicity.
4. DATA MATRIX
See Read Across document attached to CSR
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
GLP compliance:
yes
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
mixture of sewage, soil and natural water
Duration of test (contact time):
ca. 28 d
Initial conc.:
10 mg/L
Based on:
formulation
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Reference substance:
other: Canola Oil
Preliminary study:
See study report for details
Test performance:
See study report for details
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
12.5
Sampling time:
28 d
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
12.5% theoretical CO2 evolved; material not readily biodegradeable

Description of key information

Several biodegradation in water screening tests were found that were performed on read across source substances. These include studies performed according to OECD Guidelines 301D, 301F and 301B. None of these available studies showed ready biodegradation after 28 days.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

Several biodegradation in water screening tests were found that were performed on read across source substances. These include studies performed according to OECD Guidelines 301D, 301F and 301B. None of these available studies showed ready biodegradation after 28 days.

1) A 28-day aerobic ready biodegradability study (to OECD Guideline No. 301D – Closed Bottle Test) was carried out using an analog of the submission substance (CASN 70024-71-4; benzenesulfonic acid C16-C24 alkaryl derivative, calcium salt. The effects of the test substance on ready biodegradability were assessed based on the measurement of chemical oxygen demand (COD) using an activated sludge inoculum (from a domestic wastewater plant) that was not pre-adapted to the test substance. Test performance was evaluated using the reference substances sodium benzoate and aniline. There was only 8% degradation of the test substance after 28 days. There was 97% and 61% degradation of the reference substances sodium benzoate and aniline after 28 days meaning the test was considered valid.

2) A 28-day aerobic ready biodegradability study (to OECD Guideline No. 301F – Closed Bottle Test) was carried out using an analog of the submission substance (CASN 70024-71-4). The effects of the test substance on ready biodegradability were assessed based on the measurement of oxygen uptake using an activated sludge inoculum (from a domestic wastewater plant) that was pre-adapted to the test substance for 14 days. Test performance was evaluated using the reference substance sodium benzoate. This toxicity study is classified as reliable without restriction (Klimisch Code 1) and satisfies the guideline requirement for biodegradation in water-screening tests. There was only 8.6% degradation of the test substance after 28 days. There was 89% degradation of the reference substance sodium benzoate after 28 days meaning the test was considered valid.

3) A 28-day aerobic ready biodegradability study (to OECD Guideline No. 301B – Modified Sturm Test) was carried out using an analogue of the submission substance (CASN 70024-71-4). The effects of the test substance on ready biodegradability were assessed based on the measurement of carbon dioxide evolution using an activated sludge inoculum (from a domestic wastewater plant) that was not pre-adapted to the test substance. Test performance was evaluated using the reference substance sodium benzoate. This toxicity study is classified as reliable without restriction (Klimisch Code 1) and satisfies the guideline requirement for biodegradation in water-screening tests. There was only 1.5% degradation of the test substance after 28 days. There was 89% degradation of the reference substance sodium benzoate after 28 days meaning the test was considered valid.

4) A 28-day aerobic ready biodegradability study (to OECD Guideline No. 301B – Modified Sturm Test) was carried out using an analogue of the submission substance (CASN 70024-71-4). The effects of the test substance on ready biodegradability were assessed based on the measurement of carbon dioxide evolution using an activated sludge inoculum (from a domestic wastewater plant) that was not pre-adapted to the test substance. Test performance was evaluated using the reference substance sodium benzoate. This toxicity study is classified as reliable without restriction (Klimisch Code 1) and satisfies the guideline requirement for biodegradation in water-screening tests. There was only 9.1% degradation of the test substance after 28 days. There was 86% degradation of the reference substance sodium benzoate after 28 days meaning the test was considered valid.