Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 223-296-5 | CAS number: 3811-73-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- sub-chronic toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 82-4 (90-Day Inhalation Toxicity)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Pyridine-2-thiol 1-oxide, sodium salt
- EC Number:
- 223-296-5
- EC Name:
- Pyridine-2-thiol 1-oxide, sodium salt
- Cas Number:
- 3811-73-2
- Molecular formula:
- C5H5NOS.Na
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium (1-oxo-1λ⁵-pyridin-2-yl)sulfanide
- Details on test material:
- - Analytical purity: 40%
- Lot/batch No.: S08706
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Laboratories
- Age at study initiation: 7 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: male 189-237g, female 141-172g
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: water
- Remarks on MMAD:
- MMAD / GSD: MMAD (mass median aerodynamic diameter) [µm] (+ GSD (geometric standard deviation) [µm]
Group II 1.3 ± 1.81
Group III 1.1 ± 1.94
Group IV1.4 ± 2.09 - Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
Test material diluted in distilled water was metered to a pneumatic atomizer mounted in the top of a 4-L glass atomization chamber. The atomizer was operated with compressed air. Addition compressed air was metered to the atomization chamber to purge the aerosol into the exposure chamber. The concentrated aerosol was diluted to the desired concentration with chamber supply air at the chamber inlet. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 90 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- 5 days/week
6 hours/day
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 2.1, 3.3, 10.0 mg/m3 (the high dose was increased to 23.7 after 6-weeks)
Basis:
nominal conc.
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 0.46, 1.1, 3.8 mg/m3 (after 6 weeks high dose was 8.1)
Basis:
analytical conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 15 animals/group
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- -Clinical signs: twice daily
-Mortality: twice daily
-Body weight: weekly
-Ophthalmoscopic examination: weeks 0, 6, 13
-Haematology:
number of animals: all animals
time points: end of study, plus 5 control animals at pretest
Parameters: Haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, erythrocyte count, total and differential leukocyte count, platelet count, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
-Clinical chemistry:
Number of animals: 10 animals per sex per group
time points: 6 and 13 weeks
Parameters: sodium, potassium, glucose, total cholesterol, urea, blood urea nitrogen, total bilirubin, creatinine, total protein, albumin, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, chloride, calcium, inorganic phosphorus, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio
-Urinalysis:
Number of animals: 10 animals per sex per grouop
Time points: 6 and 13 weeks
Parameters: color & appearance, volume, specific gravity, pH, protein, glucose, occult blood, microscopic elements, ketones, bilirubin, nitrite, urobilinogen. - Sacrifice and pathology:
- -Organ weights: adrenals, liver, testes, ovaries, brain, heart, lung/bronchi (tracheal bifurcation)
-Gross and histopathology: Control and high-dose groups Gross lesions were examined in all animals.
Organs: brain, spinal cord, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, oesophagus, salivary glands, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, pancreas, kidneys, adrenals, spleen, heart, trachea, lungs, aorta, gonads, uterus, female mammary gland, prostate, urinary bladder, lymph nodes, sciatic nerve, bone marrow, skin, eyes, bone (femur), exorbital lachrymal gland, nasal tissue, skeletal muscle (thigh), cervix, vagina - Statistics:
- Generally, when the number of animals in any one group was less than or equal to ten, non-parametric analysis was conducted utilizing the Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance, followed where appropriate, with the Mann-Whitney U. In those cases where the number of animals in all groups was greater than ten and the measurements were at least on an interval scale (continuous data), parametric analysis was conducted utilizing Bartlett’s Chi-Square test for homogeneity of variance and then where appropriate by Dunnett’s t test. In all cases the level of rejection was at the five percent level.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Mortality:
- mortality observed, treatment-related
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not examined
- Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not examined
- Ophthalmological findings:
- no effects observed
- Haematological findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Urinalysis findings:
- no effects observed
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Details on results:
- -Mortality: No mortalities in the controls or at the low, or high dosed groups. An intermediate dosed female died on the last day of the study during the clinical observations
-Body weight gain: The high dose females were observed to have a decrease in body weight gain of approximately 12% starting around week 10 through the remaining portion of the study
-Haematology: At week 6 the high dosed females were observed with depressed hemaglobin. However, while it was statistically significant it was within normal limits and was not considered biologically significant. All other values were unremarkable.
-Clinical chemistry: Alkaline phosphatase levels were depressed in group II males and creatinine levels were depressed in group IV females and glucose levels were elevated in group III females at the 13 week interval. These findings were not considered treatment related as all values were within the normal control range for animals of this age and sex and there was no dose-response relationships.
Effect levels
open allclose all
- Dose descriptor:
- LOAEL
- Effect level:
- 8.1 mg/m³ air
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- body weight and weight gain
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 0.46 mg/m³ air
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: no substance-related findings were observed
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- NOAEL = 0.46 mg/m3
LOAEL = 8.1 mg/m3
The information contained within this robust summary document comes from studies which are in the ownership of Arch Chemicals Inc. and which are protected in several regions globally. This information may not be used for any purpose other than in support of the Chemical safety Report submitted by Arch Chemicals Inc. under Regulation EC 1907/2006.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.