Cyanoacetic acid

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP guideline study, however the purity of the test substance was < 80 %

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2003

Report date:

2003

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Cyanoacetic acid

EC Number:

206-743-9

EC Name:

Cyanoacetic acid

Cas Number:

372-09-8

Molecular formula:

C3H3NO2

IUPAC Name:

cyanoacetic acid

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Cyanoacetic acid
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: 70.7 %
- Lot/batch No.: 001V28AX10

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: The test medium of the highest test concentration, 100.4 mg/l (nominal) was prepared. Following this, serial dilutions of this stock solution with the M4 medium, were prepared in order to obtain the desired test concentrations. Additionally a control was tested in parallel.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Source: originally obtained from the Institute National de Recherche Chimique Appliquee, France and cultured in the laboratories of BASF since 1978.
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 2 - 24 hours
- Feeding during test: none

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

2.20 - 3.20 mmol/l

Test temperature:

20.7 - 21.5 °C

pH:

5.2 - 8.1

Dissolved oxygen:

8.6 - 8.8 mg/l

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal test concentrations (mg/l):
100,
50,
25,
12.5,
control
100 mg/l neutralised

Analytically determined concentrations (control analyses of 12.5 and 100 mg/l):
after 0 h = 96.8 - 98.9 % ,
after 48 h = 101 %

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: flat bottom glass tubes
- Fill volume: 10 ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 0.5 animal/ml


TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: M4 medium (according to ISO 10706) was prepared. This M4 medium is a synthetic fresh water, which was used for culture and test purposes. This water was prepared on the basis of an ultrapure, demineralized water with a conductivity < 0.05 µS/cm. After preparation the M4 medium is aerated for approximately 24 h until saturation with oxygen is reached.
- Ca/mg ratio: 4:1
- Conductivity: 550 - 650 microS/cm



OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: at a concentration of 100 mg/l a neutralised replicate was tested
- Photoperiod: 16 : 8 hours day-night regime
- Light intensity: diffuse light, 2 - 7 microE/(m2*s) at a wave length of 400 - 700 nm


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
Mobility after 0, 24 and 48 h

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC0

Effect conc.:

50 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC100

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

98.8 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Details on results:

The test substance causes a change in the pH value of the test system. The results refer to an unneutralised sample. After neutralisation of the test solution at a test concentration level of 100 mg/l, cyanoacetic acid was observed to have a significant reduction in the level of toxicity.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Probit anaylsis

Any other information on results incl. tables

Cumulative immobilization of daphnia after x hours [%]: 
Nominal test concentration (mg/l) 
        /   0 h /  24 h /  48 h /
Control /   0   /   0   /   0   / 
12.5    /   0   /   0   /   5   /
25.0    /   0   /   0   /   0   /
50.0    /   0   /   0   /   0   /
100.0   /   0   /  45   /  55   /

100.0** /   0   /   0   /   0   /
(** = neutralised)