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EC number: 939-719-8 | CAS number: 5502-75-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- August 2, 2011 to October 16, 2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Inspected on July 19-21, 2011 / Signed on August 31, 2011
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Purity test date: March 21, 2012 - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0 (control), 1.0, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100
- Sampling method: Water samples were taken from the control and each test group (replicates R1 – R4 pooled) at 0 and 48 hours for quantitative analysis.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: -20 °C - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: test item was dissolved directly in reconstituted water with the aid of prolonged stirring.
- Controls: 0 mg/L
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): The test preparations were observed to be clear, colourless solutions throughout the duration of the test. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia
- Strain: Daphnia magna
- Source: in house laboratory cultures
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): less than 24 hours (a small minority may have been up to 28 hours old)
- Method of breeding: cultured
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: daphnia were cultured in laboratory and used when less than 24 hours old
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same as test - 20°C, 16 hours light, 8 hours dark
- Type and amount of food: algal suspension (Desmodesmus subspicatus) and Tetramin® flake food suspension.
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): NR - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- None
- Hardness:
- approximately 250 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 22 °C
- pH:
- 8.0-8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 95-103%ASV
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0 (control), 1.0, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100
Measured (0 hours):Measured (45 hours): - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL glass beakers
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 250 mL of test preparation
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstituted water and deionised reverse osmosis water
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod:16 hours of light, 8 hours dark
- Light intensity: 928 to 942 lux
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: Nominal - 0 (control), 1.0, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56, 100
- Range finding study: yes
- Test concentrations: Nominal - 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 13 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL = 11-15
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 5.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 16 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 14-18
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control: 0
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? within normal range
- Mortality: yes
- EC50/LC50: 48 hour EC50 = 1.1 mg/L- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Analysis of the immobilization data by the trimmed Spearman-Karber method (Hamilton et al, 1977) at 24 hours and the probit method (Finney, 1971) at 48 hours based on the nominal test concentrations.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48 hour EC50 was 13 mg/L (based on nominal concentrations, measured concentrations were >80% to nominal).
- Executive summary:
A study was performed, according to OECD Guideline 202 and EU Method C.2, to assess the acute toxicity of the test item to Daphnia magna. Following a preliminary range-finding test, twenty daphnids (4 replicates of 5 animals) were exposed to an aqueous solution of the test item at concentrations of 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6, 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L for 48 hours at a temperature of 22 °C under static test conditions. The number of immobilized Daphnia were recorded after 24 and 48 hours. The 48-Hour EC50 for the test item to Daphnia magna based on nominal test concentrations was 13 mg/L with 95% confidence limits of 11 - 15 mg/L. Analysis of the test preparations at 0 and 48 hours showed measured test concentrations to range from 89% to 117% of nominal value and so the results are based on nominal test concentrations only.
Reference
Description of key information
The substance was harmful to Daphnia magna when tested according to OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (April 2004) No 202. The EC50 observed after 48 hours was 13 mg/L (based on nominal concentrations, measured concentrations were >80% to nominal).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect concentration:
- 13 mg/L
Additional information
Acute toxicity to Daphnia magna was assessed according to OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (April 2004) No 202, and in compliance with OECD GLP (Harland Laboratories, 2012). Daphnia were exposed under static conditions to the substance at a range of concentrations from 1 to 100 mg/L in freshwater. The test was performed with 5 Daphnia per vessel and 20 Daphnia per concentration. For each concentration, the percentage of immobilisation at 24 hours and 48 hours was recorded, and test concentrations were confirmed by GC analysis. The No Observed Effect Concentrations (NOEC) after 24 and 48 hours exposure were 10 and 5.6 mg/L respectively. The Lowest Observed Effect Concentration (LOEC) was considered to be 10 mg/L. The EC50 after 24 and 48 hours exposure were 16 and 13 mg/L respectively. The following validity criteria were met: immobilisation in the control did not exceed 10% at the end of the test; concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the test vessels remained above 2 mg/L at the end of the test; pH did not vary by more than one unit throughout the test; and the concentrations of the test substance remained within 80% of the initial concentration throughout the test. Under the conditions of the test, the 48-hour EC50 was 13 mg/L (based on nominal concentrations, measured concentrations were >80% to nominal).
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