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EC number: 281-889-4 | CAS number: 84057-71-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- Experimental result using OECD guidelines.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- .
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: Mixed inoculum
- Details on inoculum:
- Mixed Inoculum Preparation:Polyseed were used for this study. 15 mg of polyseed from the capsule was weighed and added in 50 ml R.O water and then stirred for 1 h for proper mixing and functioning of inoculum. This gave the bacterial count as 10E4 to 10E6 CFU/l. A further concentration of 1ml/L of polyseed solution is prepared and from this working inoculum 0.12 mL solution is added to every bottles of 125 ml. At the regular interval microbial plating was also performed on agar to confirm the vitality and CFU count of microorganism.
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 35 d
- Initial conc.:
- 4 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: OECD mineral medium was used for the study
- Test temperature: 20°C
- Continuous darkness: Yes
- Other: The water used in this study is deionized water.
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: The apparatus used in this study is BOD bottles; with glass stoppers (125 ml), BOD incubator & oxygen electrode and meter.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: it contains only test inoculum
- Procedure control: contains reference compound and inoculum
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 29.03
- Sampling time:
- 35 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Other details not known
- Details on results:
- The oxygen consumed by the test systems was corrected for oxygen consumption occurring in the blank test systems. The BOD Values (mgO2/mg) and percent biodegradation results for each test system are reported in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. The BOD35 value of test chemical was observed to be 0.28 mgO2/mg. ThOD was determined by calculation as 0.93 mgO2/mg. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test chemical and was determined to be 29.03% at 20 ± 1°C. The % degradation of procedure control (reference substance) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was determined to be 84.33%. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 43.37% on 7 days & 64.45% on 14th day. The activity of the inoculum is thus verified and the test can be considered as valid.
- Results with reference substance:
- The % degradation of procedure control (reference substance) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was determined to be 84.33%. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 43.37% on 7 days & 64.45% on 14th day. The activity of the inoculum is thus verified and the test can be considered as valid.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- inherently biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test chemical undergoes 29.03% biodegradation after 35 days in the test condition. Thus, the test chemical was considered to be inherently biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
Biodegradation study was conducted for 35 -days Closed Bottle test following the OECD guideline 301 D to determine the ready biodegradability of the test chemical. The study was performed at a temperature of 20°C. The test system included control, test chemical and reference substance. Polyseed were used as a test inoculum for this study. The concentration of test and reference substance (Sodium Benzoate) chosen for both the study was 4 mg/L, while that of inoculum was 1 ml/l. OECD mineral medium was used for the study. ThOD (Theoretical oxygen demand) of test and reference chemical was determined by calculation. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test chemical and reference substance. The % degradation of procedure control (reference substance) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was determined to be 84.33%. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 43.37% on 7 days & 64.45% on 14th day. The activity of the inoculum is thus verified and the test can be considered as valid. The BOD35 value of test chemical was observed to be 0.28 mgO2/mg. ThOD was calculated as 0.93 mgO2/mg. Accordingly, the % degradation of the test chemical after 35 days of incubation at 20 ± 1°C according to Closed Bottle test was determined to be 29.03%. Based on the results, the test chemical, under the test conditions, was considered to be inherently biodegradable in nature.
Reference
TABLE 1: D.O Values (mg/L)
No. of Days |
Inoculum Blank (Control) |
Test Suspension |
Procedure Control (Reference Item) |
Toxicity control |
0 |
8.2 |
8 |
8.1 |
7.9 |
7 |
7.6 |
7.2 |
4.6 |
5.6 |
14 |
7.2 |
6.9 |
2.8 |
4.8 |
21 |
6.8 |
6 |
1.8 |
3.7 |
28 |
6.7 |
5.4 |
1 |
2.9 |
35 |
6.3 |
5 |
0.6 |
2.5 |
TABLE 2: BOD Values (mg O2/mg)
No. of Days |
Test Suspension |
Procedure Control (Reference Item) |
Toxicity control |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
0.05 |
0.72 |
0.42 |
14 |
0.02 |
1.07 |
0.52 |
21 |
0.15 |
1.22 |
0.7 |
28 |
0.27 |
1.4 |
0.87 |
35 |
0.27 |
1.4 |
0.87 |
TABLE 3: PERCENT BIODEGRDATION RESULTS
No. of Days |
Test Suspension |
Procedure Control (Reference Item) |
Toxicity control |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
5.37 |
43.37 |
45.16 |
14 |
2.15 |
64.45 |
55.91 |
21 |
16.12 |
73.49 |
75.26 |
28 |
29.03 |
84.33 |
93.54 |
35 |
29.03 |
84.33 |
93.54 |
Table 4: BOD35, THOD AND % BIODEGRADATION VALUES
Method details |
BOD35(mgO2/mg) |
ThOD (mgO2/mg) |
%Biodegradation |
Test Item |
0.28 |
0.93 |
29.03 |
Reference Item |
1.40 |
1.66 |
84.33 |
Toxicity control |
0.88 |
0.93 |
93.54 |
Description of key information
Biodegradation study was conducted for 35 -days Closed Bottle test following the OECD guideline 301 D to determine the ready biodegradability of the test chemical (Experimental study report, 2019). The study was performed at a temperature of 20°C. The test system included control, test chemical and reference substance. Polyseed were used as a test inoculum for this study. The concentration of test and reference substance (Sodium Benzoate) chosen for both the study was 4 mg/L, while that of inoculum was 1 ml/l. OECD mineral medium was used for the study. ThOD (Theoretical oxygen demand) of test and reference chemical was determined by calculation. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test chemical and reference substance. The % degradation of procedure control (reference substance) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was determined to be 84.33%. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 43.37% on 7 days & 64.45% on 14th day. The activity of the inoculum is thus verified and the test can be considered as valid. The BOD35 value of test chemical was observed to be 0.28 mgO2/mg. ThOD was calculated as 0.93 mgO2/mg. Accordingly, the % degradation of the test chemical after 35 days of incubation at 20 ± 1°C according to Closed Bottle test was determined to be 29.03%. Based on the results, the test chemical, under the test conditions, was considered to be inherently biodegradable in nature.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- inherently biodegradable
Additional information
Biodegradation study was conducted for 35 -days Closed Bottle test following the OECD guideline 301 D to determine the ready biodegradability of the test chemical (Experimental study report, 2019). The study was performed at a temperature of 20°C. The test system included control, test chemical and reference substance. Polyseed were used as a test inoculum for this study. The concentration of test and reference substance (Sodium Benzoate) chosen for both the study was 4 mg/L, while that of inoculum was 1 ml/l. OECD mineral medium was used for the study. ThOD (Theoretical oxygen demand) of test and reference chemical was determined by calculation. % degradation was calculated using the values of BOD and ThOD for test chemical and reference substance. The % degradation of procedure control (reference substance) was also calculated using BOD & ThOD and was determined to be 84.33%. Degradation of Sodium Benzoate exceeds 43.37% on 7 days & 64.45% on 14th day. The activity of the inoculum is thus verified and the test can be considered as valid. The BOD35 value of test chemical was observed to be 0.28 mgO2/mg. ThOD was calculated as 0.93 mgO2/mg. Accordingly, the % degradation of the test chemical after 35 days of incubation at 20 ± 1°C according to Closed Bottle test was determined to be 29.03%. Based on the results, the test chemical, under the test conditions, was considered to be inherently biodegradable in nature.
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