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EC number: 269-212-0 | CAS number: 68201-32-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2004-07-02 to 2004-07-14
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- GLP study performed according to Guideline ISO 10253 (Water quality - Marine Algal Growth Inhibition Test with Skeletonema costatum and Phaeodactylum tricornutum).
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 005
- Report date:
- 2005
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 10253 (Water quality - Marine Algal Growth Inhibition Test with Skeletonema costatum and Phaeodactylum tricornutum)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- : A re-growth study was not conducted due to a technical oversight.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- N/A
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Department of Health of the Government of the United Kingdom
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Asphalt, sulfonated, sodium salt
- EC Number:
- 269-212-0
- EC Name:
- Asphalt, sulfonated, sodium salt
- Cas Number:
- 68201-32-1
- Molecular formula:
- UVCB
- IUPAC Name:
- Asphalt, sulfonated, sodium salt
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Na+sulfonated asphalt
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): N/A
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): N/A
- Smiles notation (if other than submission substance): N/A
- InChl (if other than submission substance): N/A
- Structural formula attached as image file (if other than submission substance): N/A
- Substance type: active
- Physical state: black powder
- Analytical purity: N/A
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): N/A
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: N/A
- Isomers composition: N/A
- Purity test date: N/A
- Lot/batch No.: N/A
- Stability under test conditions: N/A
- Storage condition of test material: approximately 4 deg C, in the dark
- Other: Test material supplied by sponsor.
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- N/A
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- - 1000 mg of test material was dispersed in culture medium with the aid of ultrasonication for approx. 30 minutes and the volume adjusted to 500 mL to give a 2000 mg/L dispersion.
- Additional stock solutions were prepared by serial dilution.
- An aliquot of each of the stock dispersions was mixed with algal suspension (250 mL) to give the test concentrations: 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/L.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Skeletonema costatum
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Marine algae
- Strain: CCAP 1077/5
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): cultures were obtained from the Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): N/A
- Method of cultivation: - Cultures were maintained by periodic replenishment of culture medium. Cultures were maintained at 20 +/- 1 deg C under continuous illumination of approx. 7000 lux and constant aeration.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: N/A
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: N/A
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- N/A
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- N/A
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 1 deg C. The temperature within the incubator was recorded daily.
- pH:
- Range- 8.0-8.2. The pH of each control and test flask was determined at initiation of the test and after 72 hours.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- N/A
- Salinity:
- N/A
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - The test concentrations used in the definitive test were determined by a preliminary range-finding test.
- Test material (nominal concentrations): Control, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/L
- Positive control: 0.313, 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: conical flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed- polyurethane foam bungs
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 250 mL, 100 mL solution
- Aeration: no, but constant shaking at 150 rpm
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): N/A
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): N/A
- Initial cells density: 1000 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 2.75 x 10 E5
- No. of organisms per vessel: N/A
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): N/A
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
- Detailed composition if non-standard medium was used: N/A
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: standard marine algal medium
- Total organic carbon: N/A
- Particulate matter: N/A
- Metals: N/A
- Pesticides: N/A
- Chlorine: N/A
- Alkalinity: N/A
- Ca/mg ratio: N/A
- Conductivity: N/A
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: N/A
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continuous light
- Light intensity and quality: approx. 7000 lux
- Salinity (for marine algae): N/A
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Cell counts at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h
- Determination of cell concentrations: haemocytometer and light microscope
- Chlorophyll measurement: no
- Other: N/A
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: N/A
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 0.10, 1.0, 10, 100, and 1000 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate - Conducted under a separate protocol (exposure conditions were the same as those used in the definitive test).
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EbC50
- Effect conc.:
- 240 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks:
- (area under growth curve)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL = 220 - 260 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: ErC50
- Effect conc.:
- 390 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL = 350 - 430 mg/L
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 125 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks:
- (area under growth curve)
- Details on results:
- GROWTH RESULTS:
- Both growth rate (r) and biomass (b) were affected by the presence of the test substance.
- For the area under the growth curve, there were no statistically significant differences between the control, 62.5, and 125 mg/L test concentrations ( P ≥ 0.05).
- The concentration of the control cultures increased by a factor of 71 (acceptance criteria is a factor of 16).
- The standard test method indicates that a re-growth study should be done to determine whether toxicity was due to the test substance or due to a reduction in light intensity. Due to a technical oversight, the re-growth study was not conducted. However, spectrophotometer readings indicated that the TS significantly absorbs light at 460 and 665 nm, the wavelengths required for photosynthesis, and therefore, it is probable that the observed toxicity of the TS was due to a reduction in light intensity and not the intrinsic toxic properties of the test material.
OBSERVATIONS ON CULTURES:
- All test and control cultures were observed microscopically at 72 h; misshapen cells were observed at 1000 mg/L.
OBSERVATIONS ON TEST MATERIAL SOLUBILITY:
- At test start, all control cultures were observed to be clear, colorless solutions; at 62.5 mg/L, the cultures were pale brown dispersions; at 125, 250, and 500 mg/L, the test cultures were observed to be brown dispersions, while the 1000 mg/L cultures were black/brown dispersions.
- After 72 h, the 1000 mg/L cultures were black/brown dispersions, and all other cultures were brown dispersions.
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS:
- The temperature was maintained at 20 +/- 1 deg C.
- The pH range was 8.0-8.1 (determined at 0 and 72 h). - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- POSITIVE CONTROL:
- EbC50 (72 h): 1.1 mg/L, 95% CI = 0.96 - 1.3 mg/L
- ErC50 (0-72 h) : 2.5 mg/L, 95% CI = 1.5 - 4.3 mg/L
- NOEC: 0.625 mg/L
- The results were within the normal range for this reference material given in the ISO Guideline. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- One way ANOVA incorporating Bartlett's test for homogeneity and Dunnett's multiple comparison procedure for comparing several treatments with a control was carried out on the area under the growth curve data at 72 hours for the control and all test concentrations to determine any statistically significant differences between the test and control groups. EC50 values were determined from the equation for the fitted line in a plot of percent inhibition versus concentration.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Inhibition of Growth Rate and Biomass |
||||
Nominal Concentration (mg/L) |
Area Under the Curve at 72 h |
% Inhibition |
Growth Rate (0 – 72 h) |
% Inhibition |
Control |
8.62E+06 |
- |
0.059 |
- |
62.5 |
9.34E+06 |
[8] |
0.062 |
[5] |
125 |
8.87E+06 |
[3] |
0.059 |
0 |
250 |
3.86E+06 |
55 |
0.048 |
19 |
500 |
3.61E+05 |
96 |
0.018 |
69 |
1000 |
-1.34E+05 |
102 |
0.002 |
97 |
[Increase in growth as compared to the controls] |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- More than the 16-fold increase in control density
- Conclusions:
- The 72 hr EbC50 of the test material to the growth of Skeletonema costatum has been found to to be 240 mg/L; 95% CI 220 - 260 mg/L and an ErC50 value of 390 mg/L; 95% CL 350 - 430 mg/L. The NOEC at 72 hours was 125 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
N/A
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