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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 222-357-3 | CAS number: 3444-17-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 3 April 2017 - 12 July 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Range-finder test:
The test soluitions were prepared in OECD modified medium by water accomodated fractions (WAF) at 3 loading rates equivalent to: 10, 100 and 1 000 mg test item/L. A control was set up with Itest medium only. There were 3 replicates for each treatement and 6 for the control, inoculated with about 5 000 algal cells per millilitres.
The test was performed in a thermostatic chamber maintained at 23°C +/- 2°C under continuous illumination (at about 8 000 lux). Algae were maintained suspended under continuous orbital stirring.
Algae biomass was measured every day in each flask using an electronix particle counter.
pH was recorded at thebeginning and the end of the test.
Definitive test:
Besed on the results of the range-finder, concentrations were prepared in OECD medium by water accomodated fractions (WAF) at 7 loading rates equivalent to: 25; 50; 100; 200; 400, 800 and 1600 mg test item/L. A control was set up with ISO test medium only. There were 3 replicates for each treatment and 6 for the control, inoculated with about 10 000 algae cells per millilitres..
The test was performed in a thermostatic chamber maintained at 23°C +/- 2°C under continuous illumination (at about 8 000 lux). Algae were maintained suspended under continuous orbital stirring.
Algae biomass was measured every day in each flask using an electronix particle counter.
pH was recorded at thebeginning and the end of the test.
Test solution analysis:
The test item quantification was performed according to a validated analytical method to measure the concentration of the test item at the start and the end of the test.
Test item solution and control were sampled (approximately 50 mL) and transferred to analyse the same day. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Since the test item is a poorly soluble substance under the test conditions, test solutions were prepared by water accommodated fractions (WAF) approach according to OECD monograph No. 23. WAFs were prepared individually. Measured quantities of test item were added directly to test medium and mixed for 48 hours to achieve an equilibrated concentration of dissolved and dispersed or emulsified components in the aqueous phase. Following cessation of mixing and a period of settling (to allow phase separation) the aqueous phase was drawn off for testing.
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- The algal stock culture was provided by the CCAP (Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa), reference CCAP 278/4.The Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata algal stock culture was maintained on sloped agar tubes at 4°C and regularly transferred to fresh medium at the laboratory.
A culture was prepared from the stock culture and maintained in an exponential growth by successive transfers every 3 to 4 days. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- other: reconstituted test water
- Remarks:
- OECD modified medium in accordance with ISO 14442 standard
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- Range-finder test: 22.6 - 23.3°C
Definitive test: 23.4 - 23.8°C - pH:
- Range-finder test: 7.64 - 8.41
Definitive test: 7.33 - 9.13 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 mg/L of test substance
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 600 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 600 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield rate
- Details on results:
- The study is valid since the growth multiplication factor in the control within the 72-hour test period was higher than 16 (actual values: 349 in the range-finder and 199 in the definitive test), the coefficient of variation of the average specific growth rates in the control during the whole test period was less than 7% (actual values: 3,56 in the range-finder and 0,95 in the definitive test) and the mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rates (days 0-
1, 1-2 and 2-3) in the control was less than 35% (actual values: 9,89 in the range-finder and 20,87 in the definitive test). - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The last algae growth inhibition test performed with the reference item Potassium dichromate (20 March 2017) gave an EC50(0-72h) = 1.22 mg/L [0.96 – 1.48], indicating that the algae sensitivity is correct (within the accepted interval of 0.65 to 1.73 mg/L fixed by the International Standard NF EN ISO 8692 from Mai 2012 as mentioned in the OECD Guideline).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the experimental conditions of the test conducted under OECD 201 guideline, the EC50-72h was estimated to be > 1 600 mg test item.L-1 based on growth rate and the EC50-72h was estimated to be > 1 600 mg test item.L-1 based on yield rate for the Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata.
Reference
Description of key information
Under the experimental conditions of the test conducted under OECD 201 guideline, the EC50-72h was estimated to be > 1 600 mg test item.L-1 based on growth rate and the EC50-72h was estimated to be > 1 600 mg test item.L-1 based on yield rate for the Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 1 600 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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