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EC number: 215-958-7 | CAS number: 1461-22-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- Not specified
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: No data on purity and study has not been conducted to GLP. Not conducted to OECD guidelines, however study looks to have been reasonably conducted.
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Examination of the acute toxicity of the test material to Lemna minor L. and Azolla filiculoides Lamk. The exposure time was 7 days in freshwater.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Lemna minor & Azolla filiculoides.
- Details on test organisms:
- Lemna minor was collected from the Shuishang Lake in Tianjin City. The stock was cultured in the laboratory using Hunter solution (Hunter 1953).
Azolla filiculoides was collected from the Weijin River in Tianjin City. The stock was cultured using Hogland solution (Mordechai, 1989). - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 7 d
- Test temperature:
- 25 ± 1 °C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Lemna minor: 5.0, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0 μg/L
Azolla filiculoides: 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0 μg/L - Details on test conditions:
- Lemna minor: Toxicity tests were conducted in a series of 100 mL beakers. Each beaker contained 80 mL of test water and 12 fronds (or 6 plants). Five concentrations of the test material (0, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0 μg/L) were used as experimental treatments, each replicated 3 times. The number of fronds in each beaker was counted every day. After 4 days the chlorophyll content of each beaker was determined. A photoperiod of 16hr light 8hr dark was used at 25 ± 1 °C.
Azolla filiculoides: Tests were conducted in 250 mL beakers. 200 mL of test water containing seven concentrations of the test material (0, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 25.0, 50.0 μg/L) and 0.2 g (fresh wt) plant were placed in beakers, each replicated 3 times. After 7 days, the plant wet weight and the chlorophyll content of each beaker were determined. A photoperiod of 16hr light/ 8hr dark was used at 25 ± 1 °C.
After each test the whole plant was homogenised with 10 mL acetone to extract chlorophyll. The extraction solution was put into refrigerator for 96 hours at 4 %. Then the solution was centrifuged at 3000 x g for 15 minutes. The absorbance of clear solution was determined at 663 and 64.5 nm. The chlorophyll content and growth inhibition calculations can be seen in the Illustration section. - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- 30.83 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Remarks on result:
- other: The correlation coefficient was 0.877.
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- 12.4 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: chlorophyll content
- Remarks on result:
- other: The correlation coefficient of the data was 0.916.
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- 8.17 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: The correlation coefficient was over 0.9.
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.84 µg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: chlorophyll content
- Remarks on result:
- other: The correlation coefficient was over 0.9.
- Details on results:
- The initial chlorophyll content was 0.44 mg/L of each beaker in L. minor tests. The data (table 1) show the toxic effect of the test material on the growth and chlorophyll content in beakers of L. minor. According to the fronds data, the 96 hr IC50 of the test material to L. minor was 30.83 μg/L. The correlation coefficient was 0.877. The 96 hr IC50 of the test material for chlorophyll content in L. minor test was 12.4 μg/L. The correlation coefficient of the data was 0.916.
The initial chlorophyll content was 14.44 mg/L in A. filiculoides tests. The data ( table 2) show the toxic effect of the test material on the growth and chlorophyll content in beakers of A. filiculoides. The IC50 of the test material (7 days) for growth of A. filiculoides was 8.17 μg/L. The IC50 of the test material (7 days) for chlorophyll content of A. filiculoides was 1.84 μg/L. All correlation coefficients were over 0.9.
The results showed that concentration levels of the test material being at μg/L the toxicity of the test material to L. minor and A. filiculoides was very high. The data suggested that chlorophyll content in beakers was more susceptible than growth. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The test data were analysed for statistical differences by an analysis of variance (ANOVA), studying the effect of each treatment of the test material.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- According to the fronds data, the 96 hr IC50 of the test material to L. minor was 30.83 μg/L. The correlation coefficient was 0.877. The 96hr IC50 of the test material for chlorophyll content in L. minor test was 12.4 μg/L. The correlation coefficient of the data was 0.916.
The IC50 of the test material (7 days) for growth of A. filiculoides was 8.17 μg/L. The IC50 of the test material (7 days) for chlorophyll content of A. filiculoides was 1.84 μg/L. All correlation coefficients were over 0.9. - Executive summary:
Examination of the acute toxicity of the test material to Lemna minor L. and Azolla filiculoides Lamk was performed. The exposure time was 7 days in freshwater.
The initial chlorophyll content was 0.44 mg/L of each beaker in L. minor tests. According to the fronds data, the 96hr IC50 of the test material to L. minor was 30.83 μg/L. The correlation coefficient was 0.877. The 96 hr IC50 of the test material for chlorophyll content in L. minor test was 12.4 μg/L. The correlation coefficient of the data was 0.916.
The initial chlorophyll content was 14.44 mg/L in A. filiculoides tests. The IC50 of the test material (7 days) for growth of A. filiculoides was 8.17 μg/L. The IC50 of the test material (7 days) for chlorophyll content of A. filiculoides was 1.84 μg/L. All correlation coefficients were over 0.9.
The results showed that concentration levels of the test material being at μg/L, the toxicity of the test material to L. minor and A. filiculoides was very high. The data suggested that chlorophyll content in beakers was more susceptible than growth.
Reference
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
In a supporting study for this endpoint (Zhihui et al, 1997), the acute toxicity of the test material to Lemna minor L. and Azolla filiculoides Lamk was examined. The exposure time was 7 days in freshwater.
According to the fronds data, the 96 hr IC50 of the test material to L. minor was 30.83 μg/L. The correlation coefficient was 0.877. The 96 hr IC50 of the test material for chlorophyll content in L. minor test was 12.4 μg/L. The correlation coefficient of the data was 0.916. The IC50 of the test material (7 days) for growth of A. filiculoides was 8.17 μg/L. The IC50 of the test material (7 days) for chlorophyll content of A. filiculoides was 1.84 μg/L. All correlation coefficients were over 0.9.
A reliability rating of 2 was assigned to this study, according to the criteria of Klimisch, 1997 as although there was limited information on test material and no information on GLP, the methodolgy is well documented.
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