Brief Profile

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Please be aware that the REACH registration parts of this Brief Profile are no longer maintained; they remain frozen as of 19th May 2023. All other data parts (substance identity, C&L, key regulatory lists etc. are up to date).

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Brief Profile

The Brief Profile summarizes the non-confidential data on substances as it is held in the databases of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), including data provided by third parties. The Brief Profile is automatically generated; note that it does not currently distinguish between harmonised classification and minimum classification; information requirements under different legislative frameworks may therefore not be fully up to date or complete. For accuracy reasons, substance manufacturers and imports have the responsibility to consult official sources, e.g. the electronic edition of the Official Journal of the European Union.
This Brief Profile is covered by the ECHA Legal Notice.

Silicon dioxide

Brief Profile - Last updated: 03/04/2024 Print

Sub. description Substance description Substance description
The ’Substance description’ gives an overview of the main substance identifiers, substance classification, on-going regulatory activities, main uses of the substance and which registrants manufacture and/or import the substance. By summarising this information in a single page, ECHA aims to make this information accessible in a user-friendly way in line with the Agency’s goals and standards.
Data from all dossiers registered and the Classifications and Labelling Inventory (C&L) for the same substance are used to generate the Brief Profile. The information provided in the free-text fields is not published in the Brief Profiles.
The Brief Profile is automatically generated; information requirements under different legislative frameworks may, therefore, not be up-to-date or complete. For accuracy reasons, substance manufacturers and importers are responsible for consulting official sources. This Brief Profile is covered by the ECHA Legal Disclaimer.
Generating the Brief Profiles
The Brief Profile summarises the non-confidential data on substances as it is held in the databases of the European Chemical Agency (ECHA), including data provided by third parties. The Brief Profile is produced based on data in ECHA’s databases and maintained by the Agency, and therefore the Brief Profile as a dissemination tool falls under ECHA’s responsibility.
Due to the quantity of information and the number of chemicals, the Brief Profile is automatically generated based on the information available and is not manually verified. For sections such as substance use, chemical properties and the classification and labelling of substances, the quantity and quality of the information is the responsibility of manufacturers and importers. While the Agency tries to aggregate the information on chemicals in the best possible way, ECHA cannot check whether all the information provided by industry is free of errors.
Updates
Brief Profiles are updated regularly and new information is added when available. Since the source data can be updated at any time while the Brief Profiles are updated at intervals, a slight delay in the publication of information may occur.
The date of the last update corresponds to the publication date of the Brief Profile and not necessarily to the date in which the update occurred in the source data (registered dossiers, the C&L Inventory or a regulatory process).
Furthermore, updates in the source data may not always result in an update of the Brief Profile. For example, an update in a section of a dossier that is not displayed in the Brief Profile will not result in an update of the Brief Profile.
Dealing with Brief Profile errors
If you have any comments or suggestions, please contact ECHA using our contact form.
Sci. properties Scientific properties
Scientific properties
The ‘Scientific properties’ section gives an overview of summarised scientific data from registered dossiers. By summarising the endpoint study data, ECHA aims to make this information accessible in a user-friendly way in line with the Agency’s goals and standards.
All the source data on which the summaries on this page are based, is provided by industry and stored in the ECHA databases. Data from all dossiers registered for the same substance is used in the summarisation and aggregation process, as it is presumed that all data submitted by the registrants is relevant for the substance being registered. If the test material used is different from the substance being registered an indication will be provided. Please note that the information provided in the free-text fields is not published in the brief profiles.
Information in the ‘Scientific properties’ section is structured by substance properties, further broken down into endpoints. Each endpoint includes three information blocks:
- Study results – this information is collected from those endpoint study records provided by registrants of REACH dossiers which are flagged as Key or Weight of Evidence studies, and which have an indicated reliability (i.e. Klimisch score) of 1 or 2. Other types of studies are not processed for the Brief Profiles.
- Type of study provided – Provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and data–waving justifications (e.g. key experimental study, Supporting QSAR study, etc.)
- Summary data – this information is collected from the endpoint summaries provided by registrants of REACH dossiers.
Note: Information presented in this section is generated as part of an automatic process, i.e. there is no manual verification or assessment of the correctness of the data. If no data is available in the registered substance dossiers, this will be indicated by a notification stating ‘Data not provided by the registrant’.
Summarisation and prioritisation of data
There are four methods to aggregate and summarise data, depending on the available data and endpoint. An icon is displayed to indicate the type of aggregation and summarisation performed:
- [R] Range of values – Range of results values (min-max) and range values of experimental condition(s) (min-max).
- [C] Concatenate distinct – Value types are ranked from most to least commonly provided, with a % attributed based on the count of total values provided.
- [M/C] Most conservative - Most conservative of all the data values provided, applying a precautionary principle (e.g. the lowest threshold or most hazardous statement)
- [P] Prioritisation – The result to be displayed is based on a set of criteria. For example, for endpoints related to (eco)toxicology four main types of criteria exist to prioritise the display of information: test species, dose descriptor, duration and measurement units. For Toxicology endpoint summaries two other criteria can be applied: Test type (Chronic, subchronic and subacute) and endpoint conclusion.
The precise data summarisation methods are specified per endpoint summary/study.
When more than one numerical result is available per endpoint the count is displayed between square brackets.
Units and data are normalised when possible and therefore the unit of measure/order of magnitude in the Brief Profile data may not correspond exactly to the one in the registered dossier. For temperature for example, data is standardised and displayed in Celsius (°C). For other data an order of magnitude logic might apply; e.g. 1 000 g will be displayed as 1 kg.
Processed studies and data-waiving
Due to the number of the substances and the associated information, substance data is processed and aggregated in an automatic process. Therefore, data has to fit the format and aggregation logic that is used for the Brief Profile.
Though the Agency aims to include as many studies as possible in the Brief Profile endpoint study results/summaries, those studies which do not fit the format or miss crucial information (such as measurement conditions) cannot be processed and therefore will not be included on this page. These study results can however be consulted when opening the source data.
The number of studies provided is indicated by ‘[x] studies submitted’, while the actual number of studies processed for the endpoint is indicated by ‘[x] studies processed’.
Data waiving
If only waived data is available for the substance, following justifications for data-waiving can be displayed in the Brief Profile:
- Study technically not feasible
- Study scientifically unjustified
- Exposure considerations
- Other justification
Excluded endpoints
Some endpoints are not included in the Brief Profile due to the use of free text and/or complex field(s) in the reporting of information, which cannot be easily summarised by an automatic algorithm. Please see the registered dossiers for substance information for the following endpoints:
- Particle size distribution
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- Additional physical-chemical information
- Mode of degradation in actual use
- Other distribution data
- Environmental data (monitoring data/field studies)
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxicological information
- Skin irritation/corrosion (study results)
- Eye irritation (study results)
- Skin sensitisation (study results)
- Respiratory sensitisation (study results)
- Repeating dose toxicity oral/inhalation/dermal/other routes (study results)
- Toxicity to reproduction (study results)
- Developmental toxicity (study results)
- Toxicity to reproduction: other studies
- Specific investigations: other studies
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological information

Substance Description

Substance identity

Help

The ’Substance identity’ section links substance identification information from all databases that are maintained by ECHA. The substance identifiers – if available and not claimed confidential – displayed in the ’Substance identity’ section of the Brief Profile are:

EC name/number
IUPAC name/number
CAS number
Index number
Molecular formula
Smiles
InChI

In addition, information on the type of substance, origin, number and type of registered compositions and other places where the substance is listed are displayed in this section.

EC (European Community) name/number

The EC name and number are the official identifiers for substances within the European Union and can be found in the EC Inventory.

The EC Inventory is a combination of three independent European lists of substances from the previous EU chemicals regulatory frameworks (EINECS, ELINCS and the NLP-list). More information about the EC Inventory can be found here. If the substance has no EC number attributed, ECHA will attribute a list number. These numbers start with 6, 7, 8 or 9.

IUPAC name/number

An IUPAC name is based on the international standard chemical nomenclature set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

The IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic way of naming chemical substances, both organic and inorganic. In IUPAC nomenclature, prefixes, suffixes and infixes are used to describe the type and position of functional groups in the substance.

If more than one IUPAC name is available from REACH registered dossiers, all IUPAC names are displayed in ‘Other names’ section of the Brief Profile.

See the official IUPAC website for more information on the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

CAS (Chemical Abstract Service) registry number

The CAS number is the substance numerical identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstract Service, a division of the American Chemical Society, to substances registered in the CAS registry database. A substance may have more than one CAS number associated. In this case, the preferred CAS number is displayed first. More about CAS and the CAS registry can be found here.

Index number

The Index number is the identification code given to substances in Part 3 of Annex VI to the CLP Regulation ((EC) No 1272/2008). A distinct classification and labelling corresponds to each Index number.

The Index number for each substance is in the form of a digit sequence of the type ABC-RST-VW-Y. ABC corresponds to the atomic number of the most characteristic element or the most characteristic organic group in the molecule. RST is the consecutive number of the substance in the series ABC. VW denotes the form in which the substance is produced or placed on the market. Y is the check-digit calculated in accordance with the 10-digit ISBN method.

Molecular formula

The molecular formula identifies each type of element by its chemical symbol and identifies the number of atoms of each element found in one discrete molecule of the substance. If such information is available in ECHA’s database and is it not claimed confidential, the molecular formula and molecular structure will be displayed here.

SMILES

SMILES is the acronym for Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification, a chemical notation system used to represent a molecular structure by a linear string of symbols.

With standard SMILES, the name of a molecule is synonymous with its structure: it indirectly shows a two dimensional picture of the molecular structure. Since a two dimensional chemical structure can be drawn in various ways, there are several correct SMILES notations for one molecule.

The basis of SMILES is the representation of a valence model of a molecule. SMILES notations are comprised of atoms (designated by elemental symbols), bonds, parentheses (used to show branching), and numbers (used for cyclic structures).

InChI

InChI is an abbreviated name for IUPAC International Chemical Identifier, a chemical identifier developed and supported by the InChI Trust.

InChIs consist of text strings comprising different layers and sublayers of information separated by slashes (/). Each InChI string starts with the InChI version number followed by the main layer. This main layer contains sublayers for the chemical formula, atom connections and hydrogen atoms. Depending on the structure of the molecule the main layer may be followed by additional layers e.g. for charge, stereo–chemical and/or isotopic information.

Molecular structure

Molecular structure displayed in this section is based on InChI annotation from IUCLID reference substances database and stored in the ECHA database. The structure is a computer generated visualisation of the molecular structure derived from the InChI character string.

Type of substance

Registrants can identify their substance as being a mono-constituent substance, multi-constituent substance, UVCB, polymer or specify another type. If more than one type of substance is registered, both types will be displayed.

Origin

Registrants can identify the origin of their substance as being:

Element
Inorganic
Organic
Organometallic
Petroleum product
Other

If more than one type of substance is registered, both types will be displayed.

Registered compositions (additives and impurities)

The total number of non-confidential registered compositions submitted in REACH dossiers are displayed here. If there are additives and impurities relevant for the substance classification, these are also indicated.

Within the context of REACH, impurities are unintended constituents present in a substance as manufactured. It may, for example, originate from the starting materials or be the result of secondary or incomplete reactions during the production process. While it is present in the final substance, it was not intentionally added. In most cases, impurities constitute less than 10% of the substance.

Additives are the constituents which have been intentionally added during the manufacturing process to stabilise the substance.

Substance listed

Provides information if the substance has been identified by one of the following previous EU chemicals regulatory frameworks:

EINECS (European INventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances) List
ELINCS (European LIst of Notified Chemical Substances) List
NLP (No-Longer Polymers) List

EC / List name:
IUPAC name: silanedione
Substance names and other identifiers

EC / List no.:: 231-545-4
CAS no.:: 7631-86-9
Index number:
Molecular formula:: O2Si

SMILES:: O=[Si]=O
InChI:: InChI=1S/O2Si/c1-3-2
Type of substance:: Mono constituent substance
Origin:: Inorganic
Registered compositions:: 203
Of which contain:: 0 impurities relevant for classification; 0 additives relevant for classification
Substance Listed:: EINECS (European INventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances) List

Hazard classification & labelling

Hazard classification and labelling

The ‘Hazard classification and labelling’ section shows the hazards of a substance through a standardised system of statements and pictograms, as has been established under CLP (Classification Labelling and Packaging) Regulation. The CLP Regulation makes sure that the hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to workers and consumers in the European Union. The CLP Regulation uses the UN Global Harmonised System (GHS) and European Union Specific Hazard Statements (EUH).

This section searches three sources for information (harmonised classification and labelling (CLH), REACH registrations and CLP notifications). The source of the information is mentioned in the introductory sentence of the hazard statement.

More information about classification and labelling can be found in the Regulations section of ECHA website.

Please note:

The purpose of the information provided under this section is to highlight in a readable format the substance hazardousness. It does not represent a new labelling, classification or hazard statement. Other relevant information includes the following:

Substances may have impurities and additives that lead to different classifications. However, substance notifications in the Brief Profile are aggregated independently of the impurities and additives.
Hazard statements were adapted to improve readability and may not correspond textually to the hazard statements codes description in the European Union Specific Hazard Statements (EUH) or UN Global Harmonised System (GHS).

To see the full list of notified classifications and have more information on impurities and additives relevant to classification, you can consult the C&L Inventory.

Harmonised classification and labelling (CLH)

The Hazard classification and labelling section uses the signal word, pictogram(s) and hazard statements of the substance under the harmonised classification and labelling (CLH) as its primary source of information. Substance classifications under CLH are agreed at the Community level. Harmonisation is based on the substance’s physical, toxicological and eco-toxicological hazard assessment.

It is possible that the harmonisation is introduced through an amendment to the CLP Regulation. In that case, the ATP (Adaptation to Technical Progress) number is displayed. More information on CLH can be found here.

If the substance is classified under more than one CLH entry (e.g. disodium tetraborate EC no. 215–540–4, is covered by three harmonisations – 005–011–00–4; 005–011–01–1; 005–011–02–9), CLH information cannot be displayed in the Brief Profile as the differences between the CLH classifications require manual verification. If a substance is classified under multiple CLHs, a link to the C&L Inventory is provided to allow users to view CLH information manually, instead of having the information automatically generated in the Brief Profile.

Classification and labelling under REACH

Additional information on classification and labelling (C&L) – if available – is derived from REACH registration dossiers submitted by industry. This information has not been reviewed or verified by ECHA, and may change without prior notice. REACH registration dossiers have greater data requirements (support studies) than notifications under CLP. When submitted by the lead of a joint submission, the classifications may also reveal agreement between companies.

Notifications under the Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP) Regulation

If additional information derived from classification and labelling (C&L) notifications to ECHA under the CLP Regulation exists, this will be displayed below the information derived from harmonised classification and labelling and REACH registrations. These notifications can be provided by manufacturers, importers and downstream users. ECHA maintains the C&L Inventory, but does not review or verify the accuracy of the information.

For readability purposes, only the pictograms, signal words and hazard statements referred to in more than 5% of the notifications under CLP are displayed.

According to the notifications provided by companies to ECHA in REACH registrations no hazards have been classified.

Additionally, the classification provided by companies to ECHA in CLP notifications identifies that this substance causes serious eye irritation and may cause respiratory irritation.

Breakdown of all 7696 C&L notifications submitted to ECHA

Hazard classification & labelling graph

The chart displays the number of matching substance classifications (hazard class, categories and hazard statements) provided by manufacturers and importers under REACH and CLP notifications, as well as whether the substance is defined under harmonised classification and labelling (CLH).

The results of matching substance classifications are displayed in percentages of the total number of notifications. The bars indicate the number of matching classifications, i.e. the level of agreement, in substance classification between the REACH registrants (dark blue bar) and CLP notifiers (light blue bar), as well as between the notified classifications and the approved harmonised classification.

Harmonised classifications (√ - check mark)

The (√- check mark)-icon indicates the classification is defined under harmonised classification and labelling (in accordance with the CLP Regulation) and made obligatory at Community level to ensure an adequate risk management throughout the European Community.

REACH & CLP classifications (bar)

The dark blue bar illustrates the percentage of matching substance classifications provided by manufacturers and importers in a REACH registration dossier. Classifications under REACH have to be supported by data (support studies).
The light blue bar illustrates the percentage of matching substance classifications provided by manufacturers and importers in CLP notifications.

Divergent classifications and impurities

The physical state and form of a substance can play a significant impact when the hazards of a substance are assessed. REACH and/or CLP notifiers may classify a substance differently based on different studies or the way they access the data.

For example, substance impurities can constitute a valid reason for a different classification of the substance. Different compositions or impurity profiles often lead to different classifications. If impurities and/or additives have been identified, an informative sentence is displayed below the graphic.

Different classifications can also be due to technical errors made during the notification process.

To have more information on impurities relevant to classification you can consult the C&L Inventory entry for the substance, or the disseminated registration dossier.

Not Classified
STOT SE 3	H335
Eye Irrit. 2	H319
Skin Irrit. 2	H315
Acute Tox. 4	H332
STOT RE 1	H372
STOT RE 2	H373
Acute Tox. 4	H302
STOT SE 2	H371
STOT SE 1	H370
Skin Corr. 1C	H314
Acute Tox. 4	H312
Aquatic Chronic 3	H412
Muta. 1B	H340
Carc. 1A	H350
		0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Harmonised Classification

REACH registration dossiers notifications

CLP notifications

At least one notifier has indicated that an impurity or an additive present in the substance impacts the notified classification.

Properties of concern

The ‘Properties of concern’ section shows ECHA-assigned graphical indicators for certain substance properties that are regarded as critical for human health and/or the environment based on the information provided to the Agency. The following properties have been highlighted as critical:

C – This substance was identified as a carcinogenic (i.e. classified in Carcinogenicity categories 1A or 1B) in the EU harmonised classification and labelling and/or in a REACH registration dossier. More information about carcinogenicity here.
M – This substance was identified as Mutagenic (i.e. classified in Mutagenicity categories 1A or 1B) in the EU harmonised classification and labelling and/or by a REACH registration dossier. More information about mutagenicity here.
R – This substance was identified as toxic to reproduction (i.e. classified in reproductive toxicity categories 1A or 1B) in the EU harmonised classification and labelling and/or by a REACH registration dossier. More information about reproductive toxicity here.
Ss – This substance was identified as a skin sensitiser (i.e. classified in skin sensitisation categories 1, 1A or 1B) in the EU harmonised classification and labelling and/or by a REACH registration dossier. More information about skin sensitiser here.
Sr – This substance was identified as a respiratory sensitiser (i.e. classified in respiratory sensitisation categories 1, 1A or 1B) in the EU harmonised classification and labelling and/or by a REACH registration dossier. More information about respiratory sensitiser here.
PBT – This substance was identified as persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) by at least one REACH registrant (i.e. it is PBT/vPvB). More information about persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic substances here.
POP – Recognised Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP): comes from an entry in the Annex I, II or III to the POPs Regulation and/or an entry in the Annex A, B or C to the Stockholm Convention. Under assessment as Persistent Organic Pollutant: is shown for substances that have been proposed for their inclusion in the Stockholm Convention and are under assessment, or for which a proposal is under preparation in the European Union. Note that proposals that have been set aside, either before their submission by the EU to the Convention, or by the POP Review Committee are still indicated as "Under assessment as POP".

The substance properties displayed in this section (with the exception of PBT properties) are derived from harmonised classification and labelling (CLH) and/or REACH registered dossier information. In case the substance classification is not harmonised and the substance is not registered the properties are derived from classifications provided in CLP notifications. PBT properties are derived from REACH registered substances dossiers.

Critical property indentification: Where less than 90% of the notifiers provide the same classification to derive the critical property, the border of this critical property icon is displayed as dashed.

Impurities or additives: When a specific critical property is associated with compositions with impurities and/or additives, the respective critical property icon has a * associated.

Please note: The icons in this section are only meant as visual indicators to help communicate information about the abovementioned critical properties. Unlike the pictograms in the ‘Classification and Labelling’ section, these icons are not determined by any legislative procedure and have the sole purpose of being informative in the context of InfoCards and Brief Profiles.

Nanomaterial form

Substance is known to be on the EEA market in nanomaterial form, as indicated in the REACH registered substance factsheet(s), and as listed in the EUON Nanomaterials in the EU market list.

Regulatory context

The ‘Regulatory context’ section provides an overview of the regulatory activities that are related to the substance. For general information about any of the different regulations which currently fall under ECHA’s mandate please see the links below.

Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)
The REACH Regulation (1907/2006) entered into force on 1 June 2007. The regulation aims improve the protection of human health and the environment from the risks that can be posed by chemicals, while enhancing the competitiveness of the EU chemical industry.

The REACH regulatory processes identified for the Brief Profile are:

Registration
- Pre-registration – indicated if the substance is included in the list of pre-registered substances. Pre-registration allows companies to continue manufacturing and importing their phase-in substances for several years until the registration deadline is reached.
- Registration – indicated if there is at least one dossier registered and disseminated for the substance, how many non-confidential registrations are active and/or inactive and the type of submissions (joint and/or individual).
Evaluation
- Dossier evaluation – indicated if at least one registered dossier for the substance has been evaluated under REACH for compliance check or testing proposal evaluation and associated decision(s) published on the ECHA website.
- Substance evaluation – indicated if the substance is or was included in the Community rolling action plan (CoRAP). The CoRAP list includes substances that could pose a risk to human health or the environment and whose (potentially hazardous) properties are to be evaluated by the Member States in the next three years. After evaluation, proposals may be made for further regulatory action regarding the substance.
Authorisation
- Candidate List – indicates if the substance is included in the candidate list of substances of very high concern (SVHCs). The Candidate List includes substances that are subject to additional protocols and reporting obligations and which may eventually be included in the Authorisation list, further limiting their use.
- Authorisation list (Annex XIV) – indicates if the substance is included in the Authorisation List. These substances cannot be placed on the market or used after a given date, unless an authorisation is granted for their specific use, or the use is exempted from authorisation.
Restriction
- Annex XVII (Restriction list) – indicates if the substance is included in the list of restrictions. The Restriction list describes the conditions for the manufacture, placing on the market or use of certain substances, either on their own or in mixtures or articles.

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
The POPs Regulation (EU) 2019/1021 entered into force on 15 July 2019, repealing the previous POPs Regulation (EC) No 850/2004. The regulation aims to protect human health and the environment by banning or severely restricting the production and use of persistent organic pollutants in the European Union.

The POPs regulatory processes identified for the Brief Profile are:

List of substances subject to the POPs Regulation - Indicates if the substance is included in the POPs Regulation.
List of substances proposed as POPs - Indicates if the substance has been proposed for its inclusion in the Stockholm Convention or if a proposal is under preparation in the European Union.

Classification, Labelling and Packaging (CLP)
The CLP Regulation (1272/2008) entered into force on 20 January 2009. The goal of CLP is to make sure that hazards presented by chemicals are clearly communicated to workers and consumers in the European Union through a system of classifying and labelling of chemicals.

The CLP regulatory processes identified for the Brief Profile are:

Harmonised C&L– indicates if a European Union harmonised classifications and labelling has been assigned to the substance according to Annex VI to CLP and subsequent ATPs.
Notification – indicates that notified C&L’s have been submitted to ECHA for a substance.

Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR)

The BPR (528/2012) entered into force on 1 September 2013. The BPR addresses the placing on the market and use of biocidal products, which are used to protect humans, animals, materials or articles against harmful organisms, like pests or bacteria, by regulating the active substances contained in a biocidal product.

The BPR regulatory processes identified for the Brief Profile are:

Active substance approval – indicates if the substance is an approved biocidal active substance.
Biocidal product authorisation – indicates if authorised biocidal products exist which use this substance as an active ingredient

Prior Informed Consent (PIC)
The PIC Regulation (649/2012) entered into force on 4 July 2014. PIC administers the import and export of certain hazardous chemicals and places obligations on companies who wish to export these chemicals to non-EU countries.

The PIC regulatory processes identified for the Brief Profile are:

Annex I – indicates if the substance is subject to PIC.
Annex V – indicates if the substance is prohibited from export.

Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation & Restriction of Chemicals (REACH)

Registration

Pre-registration:: Substance pre-registered under REACH.
Registration:: This substance has 316 active registrations under REACH, 1 Joint Submission(s) and 0 Individual Submission(s).
Please see Registrants/Suppliers details.

Evaluation

Dossier Evaluation:: Registration dossiers submitted to ECHA for this substance have been evaluated under REACH.
Substance Evaluation:: Substance included in the Community Rolling Action Plan (CoRAP).

Authorisation

Candidate List:
Annex XIV (Authorisation List):

Restriction

Annex XVII (Restriction List):

Persistent Organic Pollutants Regulation (POPs)

List of substances subject to the POPs Regulation:
List of substances proposed as POPs:

Classification Labelling & Packaging (CLP)

Harmonised C&L:
Seveso Annex I:
Notified C&L:: Classification & Labelling has been notified by industry to ECHA for this substance.

Biocidal Products Regulation (BPR)

Active Substance:: This substance is approved for use as a Biocidal Active Substance
Biocidal Products:

Prior Informed Consent (PIC)

Annex I:
Annex V:

European Union Observatory for Nanomaterials (EUON)

EUON:: Nanomaterials in the EU Market

About this substance

The ’About this substance’ section provides an overview of the volume in which this substance is manufactured or imported to the European Economic Area (EU28 + Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway). Data for calculating the ’total tonnage’ band is extracted from REACH registered dossiers for the last year reported on the tonnage manufactured or imported, unless the tonnage band has been claimed confidential. The ‘total tonnage’ band published does not necessarily reflect the registered tonnage band(s).

For more information on total tonnage band calculation please consult the Data submission manual.

Additionally, if available, information on the use of the substance and how consumers and workers are likely to be exposed to it can also be displayed here. The information is aggregated from REACH registered dossiers provided by industry through a use descriptor system based on five separate descriptor lists which in combination with each other form a brief description of use and exposure for certain life cycle stage.

The use information is displayed per relevant life cycle stage of the substance.

Manufacture stage includes processes by which the substance is manufactured from raw materials. Operations which are necessary for the handling of a substance on its own in the manufacturing for export or placing on the EU market are considered to be part of the manufacturing stage (e.g. filling into appropriate containers, storage or addition of stabiliser). If a substance is directly exported after manufacture, all activities with the substance will be reported under this stage.
Formulation or re-packing stage corresponds to specific activities meant to produce a mixture to be placed on the market. This means that during formulation, the substance is transferred and mixed with other substances. It corresponds to activities taking place at industrial sites. This stage also includes chemical distributorsâ activities such as repacking (which involves transfer of the substance).
End-use stage means the use of a substance as such or in a mixture (by professional workers (widespread uses), by consumers or at industrial sites), a last step before the end-of-life of the substance, namely before the substance is consumed in a process by reaction during use (including intermediate use), is emitted to waste streams or the environment or is included into an article.
(Article) service life stage means the period of time a substance incorporated into an article remains in service or in use. Articles containing the substance can be used or processed by consumers, by workers at industrial sites and/or by professional workers. This also includes processing of semi-finished articles by workers with the aim of producing finished articles or repair and maintenance work like for example sanding of surfaces.

Use Descriptors

The chemical product category (PC) describes the types of chemical products in which the substance is finally contained when it is supplied to end-users (by industrial, professional or consumer users). Examples include hydraulic fluids, perfumes and air care products. This category also describes uses as intermediate and under controlled conditions.
The sector of use category (SU) describes in which sector of the economy the substance is used. This includes mixing or re-packing substances at the formulator’s level as well as industrial, professional and consumer end-uses (e.g. building and construction work or manufacture of food products).
The process category (PROC) describes the application techniques or process types defined from the occupational perspective e.g. Industrial spraying, use in closed batch process (synthesis and formulation).
The environmental release category (ERC) describes the broad conditions of use from the perspective of release to the environment (e.g. if the use occurs in industrial setting, if it is indoor use in long-life materials with a low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, etc).
The article category (AC) describes the type of article into which the substance has eventually been processed. This also includes mixtures in their dried or cured form (e.g. dried printing ink in newspapers; dried coatings on various surfaces).

Precautionary measures and safe use

This section provides information on the recommended measures to minimise or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous product, or improper storage or handling of a hazardous product. The recommendations are based on the precautionary statements provided in REACH registration dossiers.

If information on guidance on safe use is available in REACH registered dossiers, a link is displayed. Information in the guidance on safe use section consists of recommendations by a substance registrant(s) on the proper use of the substance in various situations. Examples include recommended measures on fire-fighting, transport, recycling and disposal.

More information on the use descriptor system can be found in ECHA’s Guidance Chapter R.12: Use Descriptor system of ECHA’s Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment.

Please note:

Only non-confidential use descriptors are displayed and for readability purpose only use descriptors occurring in more than 5% of the total occurrences are displayed.

For a detailed overview on identified uses and environmental releases, please consult the detailed information from the registration dossiers.

Use descriptors were adapted from ECHA guidance to improve readability and may not correspond textually to descriptor codes description as in ECHA guidance chapter R.12: Use Descriptor system of ECHA Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment.

Precautionary measures and guidance on safe use concern the use and handling of the specific substance, not of the presence of the substance in other articles or mixtures.

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General

This substance is registered under the REACH Regulation and is manufactured in and / or imported to the European Economic Area, at ≥ 1 000 000 tonnes per annum.

This substance is used by consumers, in articles, by professional workers (widespread uses), in formulation or re-packing, at industrial sites and in manufacturing.

Biocidal Uses

This substance is approved for use as a biocide in the EEA and/or Switzerland, for: controlling insects, ants, etc. by means other than repulsion or attraction.

Consumer Uses

This substance is used in the following products: coating products, inks and toners, adhesives and sealants, polishes and waxes and fillers, putties, plasters, modelling clay.

Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use (e.g. machine wash liquids/detergents, automotive care products, paints and coating or adhesives, fragrances and air fresheners) and outdoor use.

Article service life

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: the low energy manipulation of substances bound in materials or articles, high energy work-up of substances bound in materials or articles (e.g. hot rolling/forming, grinding, mechanical cutting, drilling or sanding) and production of mixtures or articles by tabletting, compression, extrusion or pelletisation.

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: industrial abrasion processing with low release rate (e.g. cutting of textile, cutting, machining or grinding of metal), of articles where the substances are not intended to be released and where the conditions of use do not promote release and industrial abrasion processing with high release rate (e.g. sanding operations or paint stripping by shot-blasting). Other release to the environment of this substance is likely to occur from: indoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. flooring, furniture, toys, construction materials, curtains, foot-wear, leather products, paper and cardboard products, electronic equipment) and outdoor use in long-life materials with low release rate (e.g. metal, wooden and plastic construction and building materials).

ECHA has no public registered data indicating whether or into which articles the substance might have been processed.

Widespread uses by professional workers

This substance is used in the following products: adsorbents and coating products.

This substance is used in the following areas: health services and formulation of mixtures and/or re-packaging. This substance is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: closed batch processing in synthesis or formulation, mixing in open batch processes, closed, continuous processes with occasional controlled exposure and transfer of substance into small containers.

Formulation or re-packing

This substance is used in the following products: polymers, coating products, polishes and waxes and non-metal-surface treatment products.

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: transfer of chemicals, closed batch processing in synthesis or formulation, mixing in open batch processes, transfer of substance into small containers, closed, continuous processes with occasional controlled exposure, batch processing in synthesis or formulation with opportunity for exposure and closed processes with no likelihood of exposure.

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: formulation of mixtures and formulation in materials.

Uses at industrial sites

This substance is used in the following products: adsorbents and pH regulators and water treatment products.

This substance is used for the manufacture of: chemicals.

This substance is used in the following activities or processes at workplace: mixing in open batch processes, closed batch processing in synthesis or formulation, closed, continuous processes with occasional controlled exposure, transfer of substance into small containers and transfer of chemicals.

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: in the production of articles, in processing aids at industrial sites, as an intermediate step in further manufacturing of another substance (use of intermediates), as processing aid, as processing aid and of substances in closed systems with minimal release.

Manufacture

Release to the environment of this substance can occur from industrial use: manufacturing of the substance.

Precautionary Measures and safe use

ECHA has no data from registration dossiers on the precautionary measures for using this substance. Guidance on the safe use of the substance provided by manufacturers and importers of this substance.

Registrants/suppliers

Registrant/suppliers

This section provides information on suppliers, importers or manufacturers of a substance (active and inactive) that have to register their substance under REACH.

Registration status
Status in REACH-IT	Displayed in Brief Profile
Active	Always as Active
Cease manufacture	Always as Inactive
Revoked registrations	Active/Inactive (pending). Due to ongoing appeals, all registrations flagged as revoked are published as Active pending the appeal outcome. When the appeal outcome is known, the registration will appear as Inactive
Annulled registrations	In the case of a merge between two companies having a registration for the same substance, the higher tonnage band registration is maintained as active, and the other registration is annulled. The annulled registration is still legally valid and considered as an active registration, because the registration number could be present on safety fata sheets and may already be communicated throughout the supply chain.

Under specific conditions, a registrant can claim confidentiality of their identity. If there is a confidentiality claim, an indication is provided with the tag [Confidential].

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Active

Inactive

AGC Chemicals Europe, Ltd, World Trade Centre Zuidplein 80 1077VX Amsterdam Netherlands
BASF Polska Sp.z o.o., Al. Jerozolimskie 142B 02-305 Warszawa Polska Poland
Bootman Chemical Safety Ltd 013, Diss Business Centre IP21 4HD Diss Norfolk United Kingdom
Chemservice S.A. (H5P7), 13, Fausermillen 6689 Mertert Luxembourg
Colgate Palmolive Services (Poland) Sp.Zo.o / Mexico, ul. Tasmowa 7 02-677 Warsaw Poland
Colgate-Palmolive Services (Poland) sp.z o.o. / OR China, ul. Tasmowa 7 02-677 Warsaw Poland
DuPont Nutrition Manufacturing UK Limited, Ladyburn Works KA26 9JN Girvan Scotland United Kingdom
DuPont Nutrition Norge AS, Industriveien 33 N-1337 Sandvika Norway
DuPont Nutrition Norge AS_OR, Industriveien 33 N-1337 Sandvika Norway
Ferro GmbH, Gutleutstr.215 60327 Frankfurt am Main Germany
Henkel Electronic Materials (Belgium) N.V., Nijverheidsstraat 7 2260 Westerlo Belgium
L OREAL UK LTD, 255, Hammersmith Road W6 8AZ LONDON United Kingdom
MITSUBISHI GAS CHEMICAL EUROPE GMBH, Immermannstr.13 40210 Duesseldorf Germany
Nouryon Chemicals NV/SA, Parc Industriel de Ghlin Zone A 7011 Ghlin Mons Belgium
RHODIA OPERATIONS - 6, 40 rue de la Haie Coq 93306 Aubervilliers France
Sasol Chemie GmbH & Co. KG OR NA, Anckelmannsplatz 1 20537 Hamburg Germany
Sigma-Aldrich Company Limited, The Old Brickyard, New Road SP8 4XT Gillingham United Kingdom
Società Sarda di Bentonite S.r.l., Casella Postale 113 09170 Oristano Italy
Sud-Chemie (UK) Ltd., 3 Drake Mews Gadbrook Park CW9 7XF Northwich Cheshire United Kingdom
VIBIPLAST s.r.l., Via Modigliani 12-19 20022 Castano Primo (MI) Italy
[Confidential], [Confidential]

Substance names and other identifiers

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Regulatory process names

Quartz sand

Statistics on Pesticides Regulation - Annex III Harmonized C&L

Silica O2Si

Other

Silicon dioxide

EC Inventory, REACH pre-registration, Annex of Approved Active Substances for Plant Protection Products, FCM and Articles Regulation, Annex I - Authorised Substances, FCMs Recycled Plastic & Articles Regulation - Annex I - Authorised Use, Recycled Plastic FCMs - Regulation (EU) 2022/1616

Silicon dioxide

Substance Evaluation - CoRAP, REACH pre-registration, Annex of Approved Active Substances for Plant Protection Products, FCM and Articles Regulation, Annex I - Authorised Substances, FCMs Recycled Plastic & Articles Regulation - Annex I - Authorised Use, Recycled Plastic FCMs - Regulation (EU) 2022/1616

silicon dioxide; synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide (nano)

Other

Synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide (nano)

Biocidal active substances

Translated names

Diossido di silicio amorfo sintetico (nano) (it)

Biocidal active substances

Diossidu tas-siliċju amorfu sintetiku (nano) (mt)

Biocidal active substances

Dioxid de siliciu sintetic amorf (nano) (ro)

Biocidal active substances

Dioxyde de silicium amorphe synthétique (nano) (fr)

Biocidal active substances

Dióxido de silicio amorfo sintético (nano) (es)

Biocidal active substances

Dióxido de silício amorfo sintético (nano) (pt)

Biocidal active substances

Sintetinis amorfinis silicio dioksidas (nanomedžiaga) (lt)

Biocidal active substances

Sintetični amorfni silicijev dioksid (sl)

Biocidal active substances

Sintetski amorfni silicijev dioksid (nano) (hr)

Biocidal active substances

Sintētiskais amorfais silīcija dioksīds (nano) (lv)

Biocidal active substances

Synteettinen amorfinen piidioksidi (nano) (fi)

Biocidal active substances

Syntetický amorfní oxid křemičitý (nanomateriál) (cs)

Biocidal active substances

Syntetický amorfný oxid kremičitý (nano) (sk)

Biocidal active substances

Syntetisk amorf kiseldioxid (nano) (sv)

Biocidal active substances

Syntetisk amorft siliciumdioxid (nano) (da)

Biocidal active substances

Syntetyczny amorficzny ditlenek krzemu (nano) (pl)

Biocidal active substances

Synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide (nano) (no)

Biocidal active substances

Synthetisch amorf siliciumdioxide (nano) (nl)

Biocidal active substances

Synthetisches amorphes Siliciumdioxid (nano) (de)

Biocidal active substances

Szintetikus amorf szilícium-dioxid (nano) (hu)

Biocidal active substances

Sünteetiline amorfne ränidioksiid (nano) (et)

Biocidal active substances

Συνθετικό άμορφο διοξείδιο του πυριτίου (νανο) (el)

Biocidal active substances

Синтетичен аморфен силициев диоксид (нано) (bg)

Biocidal active substances

CAS names

IUPAC names

Amorphous Colloidal Silica

Registration dossier

AMORPHOUS SILICA

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Amorphous Silica

Registration dossier

Amorphous silico dioxide

C&L Inventory

Amorphous silicon dioxide hydrate

C&L Inventory

Dioxide de silicium

C&L Inventory

DIOXOSILANE

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

dioxoslian

C&L Inventory

Fumed Silica

Registration dossier

JIOS Aerova aerogel powder

Registration dossier

Kieselgel

Registration dossier

Kieselsäuren, amorphe

C&L Inventory

N.A.

C&L Inventory

oxid křemičitý (amorfní)

C&L Inventory

Precipitated amorphous silica

Registration dossier

Quarz

C&L Inventory

sand

C&L Inventory

silanedione

C&L Inventory

SILIA LX3, SILIA LX5, SILIA LX7, SILIA LX10, SILIA LX13, SPEHSTA MD3, SPEHSTA MD5, SPHESTA MD6, SPHESTA MD7, SPHESTA MD10, SPHESTA MD13, SPHESTA HS7, SPHESTA HS10, SPEHSTA SB606, SPEHSTA SB609, SPHESTA SB806, SPHESTA SB809

Registration dossier

SiliaMetS® DMT

Registration dossier

SILICA

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silica

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silica (Dioxosilane)

C&L Inventory

Silica 2482, hydrophobic

C&L Inventory

SILICA AMORPHOUS (SIO2)

C&L Inventory

silica gel

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silica Gel

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silica Gel (Spherical, 60micro m) [for Flash Chromatography]

C&L Inventory

Silica gel and precipitated silica crystalline free

Registration dossier

Silica gel and precipitated silica crystalline free

Registration dossier

Silica gel, precipitated [CAS-No. 112926-00-8]

Registration dossier

silica in water

C&L Inventory

Silica, Amorphous

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silica, Amorphous

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silica, amorphous, pyrogenic, crystalline-free

Registration dossier

Silica, precipitated

Registration dossier

Silica-chromium pro-catalyst (Surface treated precipitated synthetic amorphous silica)

C&L Inventory

Silicium dioxide

C&L Inventory

Siliciumdioxid

C&L Inventory

Siliciumdioxid, auf chemischem Wege gewonnen

C&L Inventory

siliciumdioxide, chemisch bereid

C&L Inventory

Siliciumoxid

C&L Inventory

silicon dioide

C&L Inventory

SILICON DIOXIDE

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silicon Dioxide

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silicon Dioxide (Amorphous)

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

Silicon dioxide (catalyst)

Registration dossier

Silicon dioxide A

Registration dossier

silicon dioxide anhydrous

C&L Inventory

Silicon dioxide, amorphous

C&L Inventory

Silicon dioxide, chemically prepared

C&L Inventory

Silicon dioxide, high-dispers amorphous

C&L Inventory

Silicon Oxide

C&L Inventory

Silicon sioxide

Registration dossier

Silicon(IV) oxide

C&L Inventory

Silicon(IV)oxide

C&L Inventory

Silicone dioxide

C&L Inventory

Siliziumdioxid amorph

C&L Inventory

SiO2

C&L Inventory

Sodium-silica gel

C&L Inventory

Synthesized Amorphous Silica (SAS)

Registration dossier

Synthetic amorphous silica

Registration dossier

Synthetic Amorphous Silica

Registration dossier

Synthetic Amorphous Silica (SAS)

Registration dossier

Synthetic amorphous silicon dioxide

Registration dossier

White Carbon HCSIL

Registration dossier

Zeosil / Tixosil

Registration dossier

Trade names

ABSIL -100

Registration dossier

ABSIL-HC

Registration dossier

AC6120 carrier

Registration dossier

Acematt [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

Admafine Silica

Registration dossier

AEROPERL

Registration dossier

Aeroperl [Silica, fumed, pyrogenic]

Registration dossier

AEROSIL [Silica, fumed, pyrogenic]

Registration dossier

Airlica

Registration dossier

Alusilica

Registration dossier

ApART™ System, ApART™ Catalyst System

Registration dossier

ARSIL

Registration dossier

ART Hydroprocessing catalysts

Registration dossier

BARIACE

Registration dossier

BARIFINE

Registration dossier

BECOSORB

Registration dossier

Britesorb

Registration dossier

CAB-O-SIL® fumed silica

Registration dossier

CAB-O-SIL® silica

Registration dossier

CAB-O-SIL™ Colloidal silica

Registration dossier

CAB-O-SPERSE® silica dispersion

Registration dossier

Cabot aerogel

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 02

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 02GR

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 04

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 04GR

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 05

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 05 MP

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 05GR

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 06

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 06GR

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 07

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 07GR

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 08MP

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 08T

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 09

Registration dossier

Caldic Silica 09GR

Registration dossier

carbon-white

Registration dossier

Carplex [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

Catalyst KD CAT

Registration dossier

Chameleon Gel

Registration dossier

CHIFFONSIL

Registration dossier

Compression Pack™

Registration dossier

DARACLAR®

Registration dossier

DAVISIL®

Registration dossier

Denka Fused Silica (DF)

Registration dossier

DX® Catalyst Platform, DX® Catalyst Technology

Registration dossier

Egesil [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

Enova® aerogel

Registration dossier

Envirogel

Registration dossier

EQ-Pak

Registration dossier

EXCEBEADS

Registration dossier

EXP [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

FLOWING AGENT TP88

Registration dossier

Fumed Silica

Registration dossier

Gasil

Registration dossier

GRADE

Registration dossier

GR® catalysts, technology

Registration dossier

High Stability Low Sediment (HSLS), HSLS™ Catalyst Technology

Registration dossier

HOLLOWY-N15

Registration dossier

HOP Catalyst

Registration dossier

ICR Catalyst

Registration dossier

Indicator Gel

Registration dossier

insert your own names, for example "Aerosil"

Registration dossier

Insil [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

JR-800

Registration dossier

KONASIL

Registration dossier

Kovasil

Registration dossier

Köstropur®

Registration dossier

Köstrosolid®

Registration dossier

Köstrosol®

Registration dossier

Köstrosorb®

Registration dossier

LC FINING technology, LC FINING™ Catalyst

Registration dossier

LEVILITE

Registration dossier

LS™ Catalyst Platform, LS™ Catalyst Technology

Registration dossier

Lucilite

Registration dossier

LUDOX®

Registration dossier

Lumira® aerogel

Registration dossier

MATREX®

Registration dossier

Matting Agent: MA-A350-J; MA-A370; MA-TSA260; MA-TSA260L; MA-TSA560N; MA-S402; MA-TSA230

C&L Inventory

MEBU™ Pilot Plant, Mini Ebullating Bed Unit (MEBU)

Registration dossier

MFIL- 150(G)

Registration dossier

MFIL- 200(S)

Registration dossier

MFIL-125

Registration dossier

MFIL-125(S)

Registration dossier

MFIL-P (S)

Registration dossier

MFIL-P(U)

Registration dossier

MICROD

Registration dossier

Microsil

Registration dossier

MIZUKASIL P-73

Registration dossier

MT-500SA

Registration dossier

N-IDS carrier

Registration dossier

Neosil

Registration dossier

Neosyl

Registration dossier

NiSAT carrier

Registration dossier

No specific trade names available: synthetic amorphous silica imported through Ziegler Natta Catalyst preparation, the recipes and trade names of which are company confidential, as they are tailor made for the specific customer.

Registration dossier

OCR® Catalysts

Registration dossier

Orange Gel

Registration dossier

PHOENIX™ catalyst, PHOENIX Process

Registration dossier

Precipitated silica

Registration dossier

QUARTRON PL

Registration dossier

ReforMax carrier

Registration dossier

REMASOL®

Registration dossier

Reolosil

Registration dossier

Rescor castable ceramic binders, Resbond adhesive, Thermeez Ceramic Putty

Registration dossier

Rubingel

Registration dossier

SATINIER

Registration dossier

Several Catalyst grades including synthetic amorphous silica, e.g. SYLOPOL®, P.O. CAT CARRIER XPO, Ziegler Natta Catalyst grades

Registration dossier

SG-NT

C&L Inventory

SHIELDEX®

Registration dossier

Sident [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

Silcron

Registration dossier

Silfil

Registration dossier

Silica

Registration dossier

SILICA A

Registration dossier

Silica amorfa

C&L Inventory

SILICA GEL

C&L Inventory, Registration dossier

SILICA GEL CARRIER SG

Registration dossier

SILICA GEL CAT LITTER

Registration dossier

SILICA LC

Registration dossier

SILICA MICRO BEAD

Registration dossier

SILICA PERAL

Registration dossier

Silicagel

Registration dossier

SILICON DIOXIDE

Registration dossier

Silicon dioxide (SD-B)

Registration dossier

Silicon dioxide as used in different catalyst mixtures

Registration dossier

Silicon dioxide in different catalyst mixtures

Registration dossier

SILIGEL

Registration dossier

Silizium Dioxid

Registration dossier

Siliziumdioxid

Registration dossier

SiO2

Registration dossier

SiO2-Sootstaub

Registration dossier

SIOGEL® white

Registration dossier

Sipernat [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

SmART Catalyst System® series, SmART System

Registration dossier

Sodium dihydrogenorthophosphate

Registration dossier

Sorb-it

Registration dossier

Sorbosil

Registration dossier

Sorbsil

Registration dossier

SPHERICA

Registration dossier

SPHERON L-1500

Registration dossier

SS-SIL

Registration dossier

SSP

Registration dossier

StART™ System, StART™ Catalyst System

Registration dossier

STR

Registration dossier

SYLOBEAD®

Registration dossier

SYLOBLANC™

Registration dossier

SYLOBLOC®

Registration dossier

SYLODENT®

Registration dossier

SYLOID®

Registration dossier

SYLOJET®

Registration dossier

SYLOX®

Registration dossier

T-Lite

Registration dossier

TAFOSIL

Registration dossier

TAVERSIL

Registration dossier

Thermal Wrap™

Registration dossier

TIXOSIL

Registration dossier

Tokusil

Registration dossier

Tolled trading goods

Registration dossier

TP88

Registration dossier

TREADSIL

Registration dossier

TRISYL®

Registration dossier

TYSIL

Registration dossier

ULS

Registration dossier

ULTRABOND™ fumed silica

Registration dossier

Ultrasil [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

Wet Gel

Registration dossier

Wetgel

Registration dossier

white carbon black

Registration dossier

White Carbon HCSIL

Registration dossier

White Gel

Registration dossier

WL [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

XWP GEL

Registration dossier

YH [Silica, precipitated]

Registration dossier

Zeobead

Registration dossier

ZEODENT

Registration dossier

ZEODENT®

Registration dossier

ZEOFLO®

Registration dossier

ZEOFOAM®

Registration dossier

ZEOFREE®

Registration dossier

ZEOPOL®

Registration dossier

Zeoprep

Registration dossier

ZEOSIL

Registration dossier

Zeosphere

Registration dossier

ZEOSYL®

Registration dossier

ZEOTHIX®

Registration dossier

ZEO®

Registration dossier

Other names

Silica

REACH pre-registration

Silicon dioxide

REACH pre-registration

Other identifiers

1004994-79-9

CAS number

Other

1006727-26-9

CAS number

Other

1007355-41-0

CAS number

Other

102381-58-8

CAS number

Other

1065194-86-6

CAS number

Other

107497-59-6

CAS number

Other

108727-71-5

CAS number

Other

11139-72-3

CAS number

Other

11139-73-4

CAS number

Other

112926-00-8

CAS number

C&L Inventory, Biocidal active substances

112945-52-5

CAS number

C&L Inventory

113384-41-1

CAS number

Other

1151767-34-8

CAS number

Other

12125-13-2

CAS number

Other

122985-48-2

CAS number

Other

125623-17-8

CAS number

Other

1262535-72-7

CAS number

Other

126879-14-9

CAS number

Other

126879-30-9

CAS number

Other

126879-49-0

CAS number

Other

12737-36-9

CAS number

Other

12753-63-8

CAS number

Other

12765-74-1

CAS number

Other

127689-16-1

CAS number

Other

12774-28-6

CAS number

Other

127831-27-0

CAS number

Other

1340-09-6

CAS number

Other

1354383-62-2

CAS number

Other

136303-13-4

CAS number

Other

1364664-19-6

CAS number

Other

1365618-91-2

CAS number

Other

1367454-14-5

CAS number

Other

136881-80-6

CAS number

Other

137263-03-7

CAS number

Other

1373553-98-0

CAS number

Other

1377807-27-6

CAS number

Other

1384115-98-3

CAS number

Other

138860-82-9

CAS number

Other

139074-73-0

CAS number

Other

1396528-08-7

CAS number

Other

1431704-97-0

CAS number

Other

1431704-98-1

CAS number

Other

1431705-01-9

CAS number

Other

145537-54-8

CAS number

Other

145686-91-5

CAS number

Other

145808-77-1

CAS number

Other

146585-72-0

CAS number

Other

149779-02-2

CAS number

Other

150633-20-8

CAS number

Other

152206-35-4

CAS number

Other

152787-33-2

CAS number

Other

155552-25-3

CAS number

Other

155575-05-6

CAS number

Other

1675960-65-2

CAS number

Other

1678497-74-9

CAS number

Other

171264-18-9

CAS number

Other

172306-09-1

CAS number

Other

173299-41-7

CAS number

Other

179046-03-8

CAS number

Other

1844839-43-5

CAS number

Other

184654-53-3

CAS number

Other

1848955-43-0

CAS number

Other

185461-90-9

CAS number

Other

188357-77-9

CAS number

Other

191289-29-9

CAS number

Other

1933499-98-9

CAS number

Other

203526-86-7

CAS number

Other

206770-31-2

CAS number

Other

207868-97-1

CAS number

Other

2098352-97-5

CAS number

Other

2098352-98-6

CAS number

Other

2098352-99-7

CAS number

Other

2098354-30-2

CAS number

Other

2135813-99-7

CAS number

Other

2148930-88-3

CAS number

Other

2170638-70-5

CAS number

Other

2174974-17-3

CAS number

Other

2174974-56-0

CAS number

Other

217643-58-8

CAS number

Other

231629-15-5

CAS number

Other

247900-77-2

CAS number

Other

250579-70-5

CAS number

Other

250579-78-3

CAS number

Other

264907-28-0

CAS number

Other

330152-64-2

CAS number

Other

341028-71-5

CAS number

Other

368432-40-0

CAS number

Other

37220-24-9

CAS number

Other

37241-25-1

CAS number

Other

37334-65-9

CAS number

Other

37340-45-7

CAS number

Other

37380-93-1

CAS number

Other

39336-66-8

CAS number

Other

39372-58-2

CAS number

Other

39409-25-1

CAS number

Other

39443-40-8

CAS number

Other

39456-81-0

CAS number

Other

402735-49-3

CAS number

Other

402828-37-9

CAS number

Other

402828-39-1

CAS number

Other

402828-40-4

CAS number

Other

50813-13-3

CAS number

Other

50926-93-7

CAS number

Other

50935-83-6

CAS number

Other

51542-57-5

CAS number

Other

51542-58-6

CAS number

Other

52350-43-3

CAS number

Other

53468-64-7

CAS number

Other

55599-33-2

CAS number

Other

56645-27-3

CAS number

Other

56731-06-7

CAS number

Other

573986-27-3

CAS number

Other

574743-92-3

CAS number

Other

60572-11-4

CAS number

Other

61673-46-9

CAS number

Other

62655-73-6

CAS number

Other

636575-18-3

CAS number

Other

67167-16-2

CAS number

Other

70536-23-1

CAS number

Other

70536-61-7

CAS number

Other

70563-35-8

CAS number

Other

761458-29-1

CAS number

Other

7631-86-9

CAS number

EC Inventory, C&L Inventory, Substance Evaluation - CoRAP, Registration dossier, REACH pre-registration, Other, Statistics on Pesticides Regulation - Annex III Harmonized C&L, Annex of Approved Active Substances for Plant Protection Products, FCM and Articles Regulation, Annex I - Authorised Substances, FCMs Recycled Plastic & Articles Regulation - Annex I - Authorised Use, Recycled Plastic FCMs - Regulation (EU) 2022/1616

781662-69-9

CAS number

Other

78207-17-7

CAS number

Other

83589-56-4

CAS number

Other

83652-92-0

CAS number

Other

865611-44-5

CAS number

Other

871110-01-9

CAS number

Other

87501-59-5

CAS number

Other

89493-21-0

CAS number

Other

895163-77-6

CAS number

Other

900794-70-9

CAS number

Other

9049-77-8

CAS number

Other

910556-60-4

CAS number

Other

916674-46-9

CAS number

Other

942129-91-1

CAS number

Other

97343-62-9

CAS number

Other

97709-14-3

CAS number

Other

98226-40-5

CAS number

Other

98253-25-9

CAS number

Other

Scientific properties

Physical and chemical properties

This section provides physicochemical information compiled from all automatically processable data from REACH registration dossiers that is available to ECHA at the time of generation. The quality and correctness of the information remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed.

Appearance/physical state / colour

Appearance / physical state / colour

This section summarises appearance, physical state and colour property values from all registered dossiers held in the ECHA database for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

If more than one value is available, results are displayed as concatenated distinct values, ordered from most to least commonly provided, with the percentage of provided values appended. The percentage is based on the count of values provided.

Physical state

For substance’s physical state at 20°C and 1 013 hPa, registrants can classify their substance as:

Solid
Liquid
Gaseous

Form

For substance’s form, registrants can classify their substance as:

Aerosol dispenser: not specified
Aerosol dispenser: foam aerosol
Aerosol dispenser: spray aerosol
Gas
Gas: vapour
Gas under pressure: compressed gas
Gas under pressure: dissolved gas
Gas under pressure: liquefied gas
Gas under pressure: refrigerated liquefied gas
Liquid
Liquid: viscous
Liquid: volatile
Liquid – liquid: emulsion
Liquid – solid: mixture of
Semi–solid (amorphous): gel
Solid
Solid: bulk
Solid: compact
Solid: crystalline
Solid: fibres
Solid: filaments
Solid: flakes
Solid: granular
Solid: pellets
Solid: particulate/powder
Solid: nanomaterial, surface–treated
Solid: nanomaterial, no surface treatment
Solid: nanomaterial
Solid – liquid: aqueous solution
Solid – liquid: suspension
Solid – solid: alloy
Aerosol
Compact
Crystalline
Dispersion
Fibre
Filaments
Flakes
Liquefied gas
Nanomaterial
Particulates
Paste
Pellets
Powder
Refrigerated liquid
Suspension
Viscous
Other
No data

Odour

For substance’s odour, registrants can classify their substance as:

Ammonia-like
Biting
Characteristic of sulphur containing compounds
Characteristic of aromatic compounds
Faint
Garlic-like
Odourless
Pungent
Slight
Sweetish
Other

Type

For substance’s type, registrants can classify their substance as:

Element
Inorganic
Natural substance
Organic
Organometallic
Petroleum product
Other

Summary

Summary data is collected from the endpoint summary(ies) provided by registrants of REACH dossiers.

Physical state at 20°C and 1013 hPa

For substance’s physical state at 20°C and 1013 hPa, registrants can classify their substance as:

Solid
Liquid
Gaseous

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data–waving justifications.

Study results

7 studies submitted
7 studies processed

C Physical state at 20°C and 1013 hPa: Solid (100%) [7]
C Form: Compact (23%), Pellets (23%), Other (23%), Solid: particulate/powder (15%), Solid: nanomaterial, no surface treatment (8%), Solid: nanomaterial, surface-treated (8%) [13]
C Odour: Odourless (57%), Other (43%) [7]
C Substance type: Inorganic (100%) [7]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	4	3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Physical state at 20°C and 1013 hPa: Solid (100%)

Melting/freezing point

Study results

8 studies submitted
6 studies processed

R Melting / freezing point: 526.85 - 1 713 °C @ 101.3 kPa [6]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	3	3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence	1
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	1
Exposure cons.
Other

R Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Melting / freezing point at 101 325 Pa: 1 713 °C

Boiling point

Study results

7 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Density

Study results

9 studies submitted
5 studies processed

R Bulk density: 0.5 - 1 g/cm³ @ 20 °C [5]
R Relative density: 2.2 @ 20 °C [5]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	6	3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

R Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Relative density at 20°C: 2.2

Vapour pressure

Study results

9 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study			2
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	4
Exposure cons.
Other	3

R Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Vapour pressure: 13.3 hPa @ 1 732 °C

Partition coefficient

Study results

9 studies submitted
1 study processed

R Log Pow: 0.53 @ 25 °C and pH 7 [1]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study			1
Weight of evidence			1
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible	3
Sci. unjustified	3
Exposure cons.
Other	1

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Water solubility

Study results

23 studies submitted
21 studies processed

R Water solubility (mass/vol.): 70 - 439.52 mg/L @ 20 - 37 °C and pH 1.16 - 7.62 [22]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	18		3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence		2
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

R Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Water solubility: 120 mg/L @ 37 °C

Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility

Study results

2 studies submitted
2 studies processed

R Ethanol: 490 µg/L @ 20 °C [2]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	2
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

Summaries

1 summary submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Surface tension

Study results

7 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Flash point

Study results

7 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible	3
Sci. unjustified	1
Exposure cons.
Other	3

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Auto flammability

Study results

9 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	3
Exposure cons.
Other	3

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Flammability

This section summarises the flammability values from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

If more than one value is available, results are displayed as concatenated distinct values, ordered by most to least commonly provided, with the % of provided values appended. The % is based on count of values provided.

Applicant’s summary and conclusion – Interpretation of results. Registrants can register their substance flammability as:

Extremely flammable aerosols (Cat. 1)
Flammable gases (Cat.1)
Flammable solids (Cat.1)
Pyrophoric liquids (Cat.1)
Pyrophoric solids (Cat. 1)
Self-heating substances and mixtures (Cat. 1)
Substances or mixtures which in contact with water release flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously (Cat.1)
Flammable aerosols (Cat.2)
Flammable gases (Cat.2)
Flammable solids (Cat.2)
Self-heating substances and mixtures (Cat.2)
Substances or mixtures which in contact with water release flammable gases which may ignite spontaneously (Cat.2)
Non-flammable aerosols (Cat.3)
Substances or mixtures which in contact with water releases flammable gases (Cat.3)
Chemically unstable gases (Cat.A)
Chemically unstable gases (Cat.B)
GHS criteria not met
Not classified based on GHS criteria
Extremely flammable
Extremely flammable liquefied gas
Substances and mixtures which in contact with water emit flammable gases
Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases
Highly flammable
Flammable
Pyrophoric
Spontaneously flammable in air (pyrophoric)
Non–flammable
Non flammable (based on GHS criteria)
No information available
Not classified

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the flammability value for their substance. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

Registrants can register their substance’s flammability as:

Extremely flammable
Extremely flammable liquefied gas
Contact with water liberates highly flammable gases
Highly flammable
Flammable
Spontaneously flammable in air (pyrophoric)
Non–flammable

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

14 studies submitted
4 studies processed

C Interpretation of results: Not classified based on GHS criteria (75%), GHS criteria not met (25%) [4]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	4
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible	2
Sci. unjustified	8
Exposure cons.
Other

C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
4 summaries processed

Flammability: Not classified (50%), Non flammable (50%)

Explosiveness

Study results

9 studies submitted
5 studies processed

C Interpretation of results: Non-explosive (60%), Other: (40%) [5]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study			5
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	4
Exposure cons.
Other

C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Explosiveness: Non-explosive (100%)

Oxidising

Study results

9 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study			5
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	4
Exposure cons.
Other

C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Oxidising: No (100%)

Oxidation reduction potential

Data not provided by the registrant

pH

Data not provided by the registrant

Dissociation constant

Study results

7 studies submitted
6 studies processed

C Dissociating properties: Yes (100%) [6]
R Dissociation constant: 6 - 9.8 @ 40 °C [8]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	3	3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible	1
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other

R Summaries

4 summaries submitted
3 summaries processed

pKa at 20 °C: 6.65 - 9.8

Viscosity

Study results

7 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible	4
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other	3

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Environmental fate and pathways

This section provides environmental fate and pathways information compiled from all automatically processable data from REACH registration dossiers that is available to ECHA at the time of generation. The quality and correctness of the information remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed.

Phototransformation in air

Study results

2 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	2
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Hydrolysis

Study results

8 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	2	3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other	1

Data waiving
Not feasible	2
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Phototransformation in water

Study results

2 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	2
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Phototransformation in soil

Study results

2 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	2
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Biodegradation in water - screening tests

This section summarises the values related to the screening tests for biodegradation in water from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

If more than one numerical result is available per endpoint, the range of results (min-max) and range of experimental conditions will be presented (RANGE method).

If more than one picklist value is available per endpoint, results are displayed as concatenated distinct values, ordered by most to least commonly provided, with the % of provided values appended. The % is based on count of values provided.

BOD5 provides substance information on the substance’s BOD5 values displayed in O2 (milli)gram per gram test material.

COD provides substance information on the substance’s COD values displayed in O2 (milli)gram per gram test material.

BOD5*100/COD provides substance information on the substance’s BOD5*100/COD values displayed in O2 (milli)gram per gram test material.

BOD5/COD ratio provides substance information on the substance’s BOD5/COD ratio values displayed in O2 (milli)gram per gram test material.

BOD5/ThOD ratio provides substance information on the substance’s BOD5/ThOD ratio values displayed in O2 (milli)gram per gram test material.

BOD5*100/ThOD provides substance information on the substance’s BOD5*100/ThOD values displayed in O2 (milli)gram per gram test material.

ThOD provides substance information on the substance’s ThOD values displayed in O2 (milli)gram per gram test material.

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Applicant’s summary and conclusion – Interpretation of results provides information on the substance’s biodegradation properties in water and can be registered by the registrants by one or more of the following picklist options:

Readily biodegradable
Readily biodegradable but failing the 10-day window
Inherently biodegradable
Inherently biodegradable, fulfilling specific criteria;
Inherently biodegradable, not fulfilling specific criteria
Not inherently biodegradable
Not readily biodegradable
Under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as picklist option for describing the biodegradation values of the substance in water. If so, the data provided is not processed in the Brief Profile.

Summary

Biodegradation in water provides information on the substance’s biodegradation properties in water and can be registered by the registrants by one or more of the following picklist options:

Readily biodegradable
Readily biodegradable but failing the 10-day window
Inherently biodegradable
Inherently biodegradable, fulfilling specific criteria;
Inherently biodegradable, not fulfilling specific criteria
Under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

7 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible	4
Sci. unjustified
Exposure cons.
Other	3

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Biodegradation in water & sediment - simulation tests

Study results

0 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Biodegradation in soil

Study results

7 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.	2
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Study results

9 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study			2
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Bioaccumulation: terrestrial

Study results

0 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Adsorption/desorption

Study results

9 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study			2
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible	2
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Henrys law constant (H)

Study results

4 studies submitted
2 studies processed

R H - (pressure) m³/mol: 0 Pa m³/mol @ 25 °C and 101.325 kPa [2]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence			2
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	2
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Distribution modelling

Study results

3 studies submitted
2 studies processed

% Distribution in Media:

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence			2
Other			1

Data waiving
no waivers

No summary exists for this scientific endpoint

Ecotoxicological information

This section provides ecotoxicological information compiled from all automatically processable data from REACH registration dossiers that is available to ECHA at the time of generation. The quality and correctness of the information remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed.

Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC)

If more than one numerical result is available per endpoint, the range of results (min-max) will be presented (RANGE method).

Hazard to aquatic organisms provides information on the substance’s hazard assessment conclusion regarding aquatic organisms.

Manufacturers and importers can provide the following information in the registration dossier:

Freshwater/marine water/intermittent:

PNEC aqua, displayed in milligram per litre.
No data: aquatic toxicity unlikely
No data available: testing technically not feasible
No hazard identified

Sewage treatment plant (STP)

PNEC STP, data displayed in milligram per litre.
No data: aquatic toxicity unlikely
No data available: testing technically not feasible
No emission the STP expected
No hazard identified

Sediment freshwater/marine water

PNEC sediment, data displayed in milligram per kilo sediment (dry weight).
No or insufficient data available at present
No exposure of sediment expected
No data available: testing technically not feasible
No hazard identified

Hazard for Air provides information on the substance’s hazard assessment conclusion related to air.

Data is generally standardised and displayed in milligram per litre/cubic metre.

Manufacturers and importers can provide the following information in the registration dossier:

PNEC air
Hazard related to composition of atmosphere identified
No hazard identified

Hazard for terrestrial organisms provides information on the substance’s hazard assessment conclusion related to terrestrial organisms/soil.

Data is generally standardised and displayed in milligram per kilo soil (dry weight).

Manufacturers and importers can provide the following information in the registration dossier:

PNEC soil
No or insufficient data available at present
No exposure of soil expected
No data available: testing technically not feasible
No hazard identified

Hazard for predators provides information on the substance’s hazard assessment conclusion related to predators/secondary poisoning.

Data is generally standardised and displayed in in milligram per kilo of food.

Manufacturers and importers can provide the following information in the registration dossier:

PNEC oral
No potential for bioaccumulation
No potential to cause toxic effects if accumulated (in higher organisms) via the food chain
No or insufficient data available at present
No data available: testing technically not feasible

R Summaries

7 summaries submitted
7 summaries processed

The Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) value is the concentration of a substance below which adverse effects in the environment are not expected to occur. Please note that when more than one summary is provided, PNEC values may refer to constituents of the substance and not to the substance as a whole. More detailed information is available in the dossiers.

Hazard for Aquatic Organisms
Freshwater	No data: aquatic toxicity unlikely (4)
Intermittent releases (freshwater)	No data: aquatic toxicity unlikely (4)
Marine water	No data: aquatic toxicity unlikely (4)
Intermittent releases (marine water)	No data: aquatic toxicity unlikely (4)
Sewage treatment plant (STP)	No data: aquatic toxicity unlikely (4)
Sediment (freshwater)	No hazard identified (3)
Sediment (marine water)	No hazard identified (3)

Hazard for Air
Air	No hazard identified (7)
Hazard for Terrestrial Organism
Soil	No hazard identified (6)
Hazard for Predators
Secondary poisoning	No potential for bioaccumulation (7)

Short–term toxicity to fish

Study results

15 studies submitted
10 studies processed

P/RResults: LC50 (4 days) 1.033 - 5 g/L [5]; NOEC (4 days) 500 mg/L [1]; LL50 (4 days) 1 g/L [1]; LL0 (4 days) 10 g/L [4]; NOELR (4 days) 1 - 10 g/L [3]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	6	4
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Long–term toxicity to fish

Study results

11 studies submitted
4 studies processed

P/RResults: NOEC (30 days) 57.001 - 86.03 mg/L [4]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study			4
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Short–term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Study results

24 studies submitted
9 studies processed

P/RResults: EC50 (48 h) 5 g/L [1]; LC50 (4 days) 2.594 g/L [2]; LC50 (48 h) 512.078 mg/L [2]; NOEC (48 h) 5 g/L [1]; EL50 (48 h) 1 g/L [1]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	5	2
Supporting study	1
Weight of evidence		2
Other	9

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Long–term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

This section summarises the values related to long term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

Displayed are the RANGES of min – max of the PRIORITISED value(s) within the five highest priority groupings of provided data. Data is generally standardised and displayed in milligram per litre or molar per litre.

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Processable data is prioritised by the toxicity descriptor type (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by duration (longer prioritised over shorter).

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

NOEC
LOEC
EC10
LC10
IC10
EC50
LC50
IC50
EL10
EL50
LL10
LL50
NOELR
LOELR

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for freshwater invertebrates provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the tested freshwater invertebrates or the no observed effect concentration for freshwater invertebrates. Values are presented in (nano/ micro/milli)gram per litre and/or (nano/ micro/milli)molar per litre.

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for marine water invertebrates provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the tested marine water invertebrates or the no observed effect concentration for marine water invertebrates. Values are presented in (nano/ micro/milli)gram per litre and/or (nano/ micro/milli)molar per litre.

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

16 studies submitted
7 studies processed

P/RResults: NOEC (30 days) 34.223 - 346.737 mg/L [4]; NOEC (21 days) 68 - 250 mg/L [4]; LOEC (21 days) 149.2 mg/L [1]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence		4
Other	3

Data waiving
Not feasible	1
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

This section summarises the values related to toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Processable data is prioritised by the toxicity descriptor type (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by duration (longer prioritised over shorter).

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

EC50
IC50
NOEC
LOEC
EC10
IC10
EC20
EC5
EC0
EC100
IC100
EC90
EL0
EL5
EL10
EL20
EL50
EL90
EL100
NOELR
LOELR

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

LC50 for freshwater algae provides substance information on the substance’s lethal concentration for 50% of the freshwater algae in the test, displayed in generally milligram per litre.

LC50 for marine water algae provides substance information on the substance’s lethal concentration for 50% of the marine water algae in the test, generally displayed in milligram per litre.

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the tested freshwater algea or the no observed effect concentration for freshwater algae. Values are generally displayed in milligram per litre.

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for marine water algae provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the tested marine water algae or the no observed effect concentration for marine water algae. Values are generally displayed in milligram per litre.

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

28 studies submitted
7 studies processed

P/RResults: EC50 (4 days) 217.576 - 217.6 mg/L [3]; EC50 (72 h) 173.1 - 500 mg/L [3]; NOEC (30 days) 42.1 - 42.11 mg/L [3]; NOEC (72 h) 173.1 mg/L [2]; EC20 (72 h) 295 mg/L [1]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	3	3
Supporting study
Weight of evidence	1
Other	17

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	4
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae

This section summarises the values related to toxicity to aquatic plants (other than algae) from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

Displayed are the RANGES of min – max of the PRIORITISED value(s) within the five highest priority groupings of provided data. Data is generally standardised and the displayed in milligram per litre or molar per litre.

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Processable data is prioritised by the toxicity descriptor type (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by duration (longer prioritised over shorter).

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

EC50
IC50
NOEC
LOEC
EC10
IC10
EC20
EC5
EC0
EC100
IC100
EC90
EL0
EL5
EL10
EL20
EL50
EL90
EL100
NOELR
LOELR

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

EC/LC50 for freshwater plants provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration for 50% of the freshwater plants in the test, generally displayed in milligram per litre.

EC50/LC50 for marine water plants provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration for 50% of the marine water algae in the test, generally displayed in milligram per litre.

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for freshwater plants provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the tested freshwater plants or the no observed effect concentration for freshwater plants. Values are generally displayed in milligram per litre.

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for marine water plants provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the tested marine water plants or the no observed effect concentration for marine water plants. Values are generally displayed in milligram per litre.

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Data not provided by the registrant

Toxicity to microorganisms

Study results

11 studies submitted
6 studies processed

P/RResults: EC50 (3 h) 1 - 4.5 g/L [6]; EC50 (30 min) 3.3 g/L [1]; NOEC (3 h) 320 - 2 500 mg/L [6]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	6
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.
Other

Summaries

4 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Sediment toxicity

This section summarises the values related to toxicity to sediment toxicity from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

Processable data is prioritised by the toxicity descriptor type (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by duration (in hours, longer prioritised over shorter).

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

NOEC
LOEC
EC10
LC10
LD10
EC50
LC50
LD50
EC0
LC0
LD0
EC100
LC100
LD100
LR10
LR50
LR0
LR100

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

EC/LC50 for freshwater sediment provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration for 50% of the model organisms feeding off the freshwater sediment, generally displayed in milligrams per kilogram sediment (dry weight).

EC50/LC50 for marine sediment provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration for 50% of the model organisms feeding off the marine sediment, generally displayed in milligrams per kilogram sediment (dry weight).

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for freshwater sediment provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the model organisms feeding off the freshwater sediment or the no observed effect concentration for of the model organisms feeding off the freshwater sediment. Values are generally displayed in milligrams per kilogram (dry weight).

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for marine sediment provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the model organisms feeding off the marine sediment or the no observed effect concentration for of the model organisms feeding off the marine sediment. Values are generally displayed in milligrams per kilogram (dry weight).

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

18 studies submitted
2 studies processed

P/RResults: LC50 (14 days) 148.41 mg/kg sediment dw [2]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	6	2
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other	3

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	3
Exposure cons.	1
Other	3

R Summaries

4 summaries submitted
1 summary processed

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for freshwater sediment: 1 000 mg/kg sediment dw

Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo

Data not provided by the registrant

Toxicity to terrestrial macroorganisms except arthropods

This section summarises the values related to toxicity to soil macroorganisms (except arthropods) from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Processable data is prioritised by the toxicity descriptor type (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by duration (in hours, longer prioritised over shorter). Thirdly the display of data is prioritised by units.

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

NOEC
LOEC
EC10
LC10
LD10
EC50
LC50
LD50
EC0
LC0
LD0
EC100
LC100
LD100
LR10
LR50
LR0
LR100

Prioritisation by units (dry weight):

Mg/cm2
g/ha

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

EC10 / LC10 or NOEC for marine sediment provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration/lethal concentration for 10% of the model organisms feeding off the marine sediment or the no observed effect concentration for of the model organisms feeding off the marine sediment. . Values are generally displayed in measured in (nano/ micro/milli)gram per kilogram (dry weight).

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

11 studies submitted
4 studies processed

P/RResults: NOEC (56 days) 25 - 100 g/kg soil dw [4]; NOEC (28 days) 50 - 100 g/kg soil dw [5]; LOEC (56 days) 50 - 100 g/kg soil dw [3]; LOEC (28 days) 100 g/kg soil dw [2]; EC10 (56 days) 26.8 g/kg soil dw [1]

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	4
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other		1

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	4
Exposure cons.	2
Other

R Summaries

2 summaries submitted
1 summary processed

Short-term EC50 / LC50: 70 g/kg soil dw
Long-term EC10 / LC10 / NOEC: 25 g/kg soil dw

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

This section summarises the values related to toxicity to (terrestrial) arthropods from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

Displayed are the RANGES of min – max of the PRIORITISED value(s) within the five highest priority groupings of provided data. Data is generally displayed in milligrams per kilogram in the case of soil (dry/wet weight), or gram per hectare. Otherwise data is displayed reported as provided by the registrant(s).

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Processable data is prioritised by the toxicity descriptor type (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by duration (longer prioritised over shorter). Thirdly the display of data is prioritised by unit.

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

NOEC
LOEC
EC10
LC10
LD10
EC50
LC50
LD50
EC0
LC0
LD0
EC100
LC100
LD100
LR10
LR50
LR0
LR100

Prioritisation by unit:

soil dw (g/ha and mg/cm²)
soil ww; (g/ha and mg/cm²)
µg per animal
mL/ha; mg/kg bw
mg/kg diet
ppm
mg/kg dung dw

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for soil dwelling arthropods provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration (short term) for 50% of the soil dwelling arthropods in the test, generally displayed in milligram per kilo soil (dry weight).

Long-term EC10 or LC10 or NOEC for soil dwelling arthropods provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration (long term) for 10% of the soil dwelling arthropods in the test, or the no observed effect concentration for soil dwelling arthropods. Values are generally displayed in milligram per kilo soil (dry weight).

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

10 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other	1

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.	2
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

This section summarises the values related to toxicity to (terrestrial) plants from all registered dossiers for the substance.

If more than one numerical result is available per endpoint, the range of results (min-max) and range of experimental conditions will be presented (RANGE method).

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

NOEC
LOEC
EC10
LC10
EC50
LC50
EC0
EC25
EC100
LC0
LC25
LC100
ER0
ER10
ER25
ER50
ER100

Prioritisation by units:

soil dw (g/ha, kg/ha and lbs/acre).
soil ww (g/ha, kg/ha and lbs/acre).

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for terrestrial plants provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration (short term) for 50% of the terrestrial plants in the test, generally displayed in milligram per kilo soil (dry weight).

Long-term EC10 or LC10 or NOEC for terrestrial plants provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration (long term) for 10% of the terrestrial plants in the test, or the no observed effect concentration for terrestrial plants. Values are generally displayed in milligram per kilo soil (dry weight).

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

16 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other	8	1

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.	2
Other

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to soil microorganisms

This section summarises the values related to toxicity to soil microorganisms from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

NOEC
EC10
EC25
EC50
EC100
EC0
ER0
ER10
ER25
ER50
ER100

Prioritisation by units:

Soil dw (g/ha, kg/ha and lbs/acre).
Soil ww (g/ha, kg/ha and lbs/acre).

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

If more than one numerical result is available per endpoint, the range of results (min-max) and range of experimental conditions will be presented (RANGE method).

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for soil microorganisms provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration (short term) for 50% of soil microorganisms in the test, generally displayed in milligram per kilo soil (dry weight).

Long-term EC10 or LC10 or NOEC for soil microorganisms provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration (long term) for 10% of the soil microorganisms in the test, or the no observed effect concentration for soil microorganisms. Values are generally displayed in milligram per kilo soil (dry weight).

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

8 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other	1	1

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	1
Exposure cons.	2
Other	3

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to birds

Study results

9 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	6
Exposure cons.
Other	3

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to mammals

This section summarises the values related to toxicity to mammals (other above-ground organisms) from all registered dossiers for the substance.

More information on processable studies and data-waiving is available in the section help of the ‘Scientific properties’ header.

Study results

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).
Processable data is prioritised by the toxicity descriptor type (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by duration (longer prioritised over shorter). Thirdly the display of data is prioritised by units.

Prioritisation by dose descriptor:

NOEC
EC50
LC50
LD50
EC100
LC100
LD100
EC0
LC0
LD0
LR50
LR0
LR100
ER50
ER0
ER100

Prioritisation by units

Soil dw (g/ha and mg/cm²)
Soil ww; (g/ha and mg/cm²)
µg per animal
mL/ha; mg/kg bw
mg/kg diet
ppm.
mg/kg dung dw

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the dose descriptor type or unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

Short-term EC50 or LC50 for mammals provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration (short term) for 50% of mammals in the test, generally displayed in milligram per kilo food.

Long-term EC10 or LC10 or NOEC for mammals provides substance information on the substance’s effect concentration or lethal concentration (long term) for 10% of the mammals in the test, or the no observed effect concentration for mammals. Values are generally displayed in milligram per kilo food.

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Data not provided by the registrant

Toxicological information

This section provides toxicological information compiled from all automatically processable data from REACH registration dossiers that is available to ECHA at the time of generation. The quality and correctness of the information remains the responsibility of the data submitter. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed.

Derived No- or Minimal Effect Level (DN(M)EL)

This section provides information on the derived no- or minimal effect level (DN(M)EL), the level of exposure above which a human should not be exposed to a substance.

When more than one summary is provided, DN(M)EL values may refer to constituents of the substance and not to the substance as a whole. More detailed information is available in the dossiers.

When more than one result is available per endpoint the ‘worst case’ or most conservative of all the data values provided are displayed, applying a precautionary principal. The aim is to display the lowest values reported as causing the most adverse effects, and hence the broadest possible safety margins for the substance.

Inhalation exposure provides information on the substance’s hazard assessment conclusions regarding inhalation exposure.

Registrant can provide information on the long and acute/short term exposure for both systemic and local effects of inhalation exposure of workers and/or general population by selecting one of the following hazard assessment conclusions:

DNEL (Derived No-Effect Level)
DMEL (Derived Minimum Effect Level) - not included for short–term effects
Other toxicological threshold
High hazard (no threshold derived)
Medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Insufficient data available (further information necessary)
Hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
No hazard identified
Hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected

Prioritisation of display occurs based on the order above. If a threshold is derived, the type of hazard assessment conclusion is displayed and the registered threshold is reported in (nano/micro/milli)gram per cubic metre. If more than one DNEL/DMEL is available the most conservative (i.e. the lowest numerical data) is displayed.

Information on the most sensitive study can be provided by the registrants as:

Acute toxicity
Repeated dose toxicity
Effect on fertility
Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity
Neurotoxicity
Immunotoxicity
Sensitisation (skin)
Sensitisation (respiratory tract)
Carcinogenicity
Skin irritation/corrosion
Irritation (respiratory tract)
Genetic toxicity

Dermal exposure provides information on the substance’s hazard assessment conclusions regarding dermal exposure (for workers).

See ‘Data for workers – Inhalation exposure’, with the following additional hazard assessment conclusion in the case of short term:

‘No DNEL required: short term exposure controlled by conditions for long-term’ is added

The registered threshold is generally displayed in milligrams per kilogram per bodyweight per day.

Data for workers – eye exposure provides information on the substance’s hazard assessment conclusions regarding eye exposure (for workers).

Registrant can provide information on eye exposure by selecting one of the following hazard assessment conclusions:

High hazard (no threshold derived)
Medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Hazard unknown (no further information necessary)
No hazard identified
Hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected

Data for general population – eye exposure provides information on the substance’s hazard assessment conclusions regarding eye exposure (for the general population).

Registrant can provide information on eye exposure as mentioned above for ‘Data for workers – eye exposure.’

M/C Summaries

7 summaries submitted
7 summaries processed

The derived no- or minimum effect level (DN(M)EL) is the level of exposure above which a human should not be exposed to a substance. Please note that when more than one summary is provided, DN(M)EL values may refer to constituents of the substance and not to the substance as a whole. More detailed information is available in the dossiers.

Data for WORKERS

INHALATION Exposure	Threshold	Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Local Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
DERMAL Exposure	Threshold	Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Local Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
EYE Exposure
Low hazard (no threshold derived)

Data for the GENERAL POPULATION

INHALATION Exposure	Threshold	Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Local Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
DERMAL Exposure	Threshold	Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Local Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
ORAL Exposure	Threshold	Most sensitive study
Systemic Effects
Long-term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
Acute /short term:	Low hazard (no threshold derived)
EYE Exposure
Low hazard (no threshold derived)

Toxicokinetics, metabolism, and distribution

Study results

Study data: basic toxicokinetics

24 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Study data: basic toxicokinetics

Studies with data
Key study	10	5
Supporting study	9
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

Study data: dermal absorption

0 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: dermal absorption

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

M/C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
4 summaries processed

Bioaccumulation potential:: No bioaccumulation potential

Acute toxicity

This section displays the values related to acute toxicity from all registered dossiers for the substance.

Study results - oral

Displayed are the RANGES of min – max of the PRIORITISED value(s) within the five highest priority groupings of provided data. Data is generally displayed in milligram per kilo bodyweight. The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Results

Processable data for study results is prioritised by test species (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by the dose descriptor.

Prioritization by test species:

Rat
Mouse
Dog
Cat
Cattle
Gerbil
Guinea pig
Hamster (combine hamster, Armenian; hamster, Chinese and hamster, Syrian)
Hen
Miniature swine
Monkey
Pig
Primate
Rabbit
Sheep

Prioritisation by dose descriptor type:

LD50
LD50 cut-off
Discriminating dose
LD0
LD100
LDLo
Approximate LD50

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the test species, dose descriptor type and/or the unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Applicant’s summary and conclusion – Interpretation of results (oral). Registrants can choose from the following (picklist) conclusions:

Category 1 based on GHS criteria
Category 2 based on GHS criteria
Category 3 based on GHS criteria
Category 4 based on GHS criteria
Category 5 based on GHS criteria
Study cannot be used for classification
GHS criteria not met
Extremely toxic
Very toxic
Highly toxic
Toxic
Moderately toxic
Slightly toxic
Toxicity category I
Toxicity category II
Toxicity category III
Toxicity category IV
Toxicity category V
Practically nontoxic
Harmful
Relatively harmless
Not classified
Other

Displayed is the MOST CONSERVATIVE of the value(s) provided, ranking in the order as above.

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the picklist conclusion. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Study results - dermal

Results

See information under ‘Study results oral’.

Applicant’s summary and conclusion – Interpretation of results (dermal). See information under ‘Applicant’s summary and conclusion – interpretation of results (oral)’.

Study results - Inhalation

Results

Processable data for study results is prioritised by test species (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by the dose descriptor. Within each of these categories, data is prioritised further by duration (in hours), with longer prioritised over shorter.

Prioritization by test species:

Rat
Mouse
Dog
Cat
Cattle
Gerbil
Guinea pig
Hamster (combine hamster, Armenian; hamster, Chinese and hamster, Syrian)
Hen
Miniature swine
Monkey
Pig
Primate
Rabbit
Sheep

Prioritisation by dose descriptor type:

LC50
LC50 cut-off
Discriminating conc.
LC0
LC1
LC100
LCLo

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the test species, dose descriptor type and/or the unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Applicant’s summary and conclusion – Interpretation of results (inhalation). See information under ‘Applicant’s summary and conclusion – interpretation of results (oral)’.

Study results - other routes

Results

Processable data for study results is prioritised by test species (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by the dose descriptor.

Prioritization by test species:

Rat
Mouse
Dog
Cat
Cattle
Gerbil
Guinea pig
Hamster (combine hamster, Armenian; hamster, Chinese and hamster, Syrian)
Hen
Miniature swine
Monkey
Pig
Primate
Rabbit
Sheep

Prioritization by the dose descriptor type:

EC50
LC50
LD50
EC0
LC0
LD0
EC100
LC100
LD100
LCLo
LDLo

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the test species, dose descriptor type and/or the unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary

Displayed in all cases is the MOST CONSERVATIVE of the value(s) provided, ranking in the order as above, i.e. the minimum numerical value associated with the highest priority picklist item.

Oral route provides substance information on the substance’s acute toxicity via the oral route. Registrants can choose from the following picklist endpoint conclusions:

Adverse effect observed
No adverse effect observed
No study available

If an adverse effect is observed, data can be provided as LD 50 or discriminating dose, displayed here in milligrams per kilogram bodyweight.

Dermal route provides substance information on the substance’s acute toxicity via the dermal route. Registrants can choose from the following picklist endpoint conclusions:

Adverse effect observed
No adverse effect observed
No study available

If an adverse effect is observed, data can be provided as LD 50 or discriminating dose, displayed here in milligrams per kilogram bodyweight.

Inhalation route provides substance information on the substance’s acute toxicity via the inhalation route. Registrants can choose from the following picklist endpoint conclusions:

Adverse effect observed
No adverse effect observed
No study available

If an adverse effect is observed, data can be provided as LD 50 or discriminating concentration, displayed here in milligram per cubic metre.

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

oral

48 studies submitted
32 studies processed

P/RResults: LD50 1 000 - 20 000 mg/kg bw (rat) [55]; LD0 1 000 - 20 000 mg/kg bw (rat) [12]
M/CInterpretations of results: GHS criteria not met [8]

Type of Study provided

oral

Studies with data
Key study	29	3
Supporting study	16
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

inhalation

27 studies submitted
5 studies processed

P/RResults: LC50 (4 h) 2.19 - 5.01 mg/L air (rat) [5]; LC0 (4 h) 5.01 mg/L air (rat) [1]; LC100 (4 h) 2.19 - 4.9 mg/L air (rat) [2]
M/CInterpretations of results: GHS criteria not met [1]

inhalation

Studies with data
Key study	1
Supporting study	1
Weight of evidence	4
Other	16

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.
Other

dermal

16 studies submitted
10 studies processed

P/RResults: LD50 2 000 mg/kg bw (rat) [3]; LD0 2 000 mg/kg bw (rat) [2]; LD50 2 000 - 5 000 mg/kg bw (rabbit) [7]; LD0 2 000 - 5 000 mg/kg bw (rabbit) [5]
M/CInterpretations of results: GHS criteria not met [7]

dermal

Studies with data
Key study	8
Supporting study	1
Weight of evidence	2
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	2
Exposure cons.
Other	3

other routes

0 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No data available

other routes

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

M/C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Oral route:: No adverse effect observed LD50 5 000 mg/kg bw

Irritation / corrosion

Study results

Study data: skin

49 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Study data: skin

Studies with data
Key study	26
Supporting study	12
Weight of evidence	4
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	4
Exposure cons.
Other	3

Study data: eye

55 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: eye

Studies with data
Key study	28
Supporting study	16
Weight of evidence	4
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.
Other

M/C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
3 summaries processed

Skin: No adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye: No adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Respiratory: No study available

Sensitisation

Study results

Study data: skin

17 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Study data: skin

Studies with data
Key study	9
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	5
Exposure cons.
Other	3

Study data: respiratory

0 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: respiratory

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

M/C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
4 summaries processed

Skin sensitisation: No adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
Respiratory sensitisation: No adverse effect observed (not sensitising)

Repeated dose toxicity

This section displays the values related to repeated dose toxicity from all registered dossiers for the substance.

Study results oral

Processable data for study results is prioritised by dose descriptor type (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by the test species. Thirdly the display of data is prioritised by units.

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Prioritization by dose descriptor type:

NOAEL
LOAEL
NOEL
LOEL
BMD05
BMDL05
BMDL10
BMC05
BMCL05
BMCL10
no NOAEL identified

Note: Registrants can also select ‘BMD’, ‘BMC’, ‘dose level’ and ‘conc. level’ as the dose descriptor. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Prioritisation by test species:

Rat
Mouse
Dog
Cat
Cattle
Gerbil
Guinea pig
Hamster (combine hamster, Armenian; hamster, Chinese and hamster, Syrian)
Hen
Miniature swine
Monkey
Pig
Primate
Rabbit
Sheep

Prioritisation by units:

mg/kg bw/day (nominal/actual dose received)
mg/kg diet
mg/L drinking water
mg/kg bw (total dose)
ppm

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the test species, dose descriptor type and/or the unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Study results inhalation

Displayed are the RANGES of min – max of the PRIORITISED value(s) within the five highest priority groupings of provided data. Data is generally displayed in milligram per litre air.

The availability of additional data beyond the five results displayed is indicated by (…).

Prioritization by dose descriptor type:

NOAEL
LOAEL
NOEL
LOEL
NOAEC
NOEC
LOAEC
LOEC
BMD05
BMDL05
BMDL10
BMC05
BMCL05
BMCL10
no NOAEL identified
no NOAEC identified

Note: Registrants can also select ‘BMD’, ‘BMC’, ‘dose level’ and ‘conc. level’ as the dose descriptor. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.
Prioritization by test species:

See ‘Study results oral: Prioritization by test species’

Prioritisation by unit:

mg/L air (combining mg/L air, mg/L air (nominal), mg/L air (analytical), mg/m³ air, mg/m³ air (nominal), mg/m³ air (analytical))
ppm (combine ppm, ppm (nominal), ppm (analytical), mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the test species, dose descriptor type and/or the unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Study results dermal

See ‘Study results Oral’, except:

Prioritisation by unit:

mg/kg bw/day (combining mg/kg bw/day (nominal), mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received) and mg/kg bw/day)
mg/kg bw (total dose)
mg/cm² per day (combining mg/cm² per day, mg/cm² per day (nominal), mg/cm² per day (analytical))

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the test species, dose descriptor type and/or the unit of measure. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Summary oral – systemic effects

Processable data for the summary is prioritised by test species (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by the dose descriptor. Displayed is the most conservative of the prioritised value(s). If more than one result with the same value, data is further prioritised by test type and endpoint conclusion.

Data is generally displayed in milligrams per kilogram bodyweight per day.

Prioritization by test species:

Rat
Mouse
Dog
Cat
Cattle
Gerbil
Guinea pig
Hamster (combine hamster, Armenian; hamster, Chinese and hamster, Syrian)
Hen
Miniature swine
Monkey
Pig
Primate
Rabbit
Sheep

Prioritisation by descriptor type:

NOAEL
LOAEL
T25
BMDL05
BMD05
BMDL10

Prioritisation by test type:

Chronic
Subchronic
Subacute

Prioritisation by endpoint conclusion:

Adverse effect observed
No adverse effect observed
No study available / no study available (further information necessary)

Summary dermal - systemic effects

See ‘Summary oral systemic effects’

Summary dermal - local effects

See ‘Summary oral systemic effects’, except:

Unit of measure: mg/cm2

Summary inhalation - systemic effects

See ‘Summary oral Route’, except:

Unit of measure: mg/m3

Prioritisation by dose descriptor type:

NOAEC
LOAEC
BMCL05
BMC05
BMCL10
T25

Summary inhalation - local effects

‘See Summary inhalation systemic effects’

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

Study data: oral

24 studies submitted
12 studies processed

P/RResults: NOAEL (rat): 491.5 - 2 500 mg/kg bw/day [9]; NOAEL (rat): 2 250 ppm [1]; NOEL (rat): 500 - 8 980 mg/kg bw/day [3]

Type of Study provided

Study data: oral

Studies with data
Key study	10	3
Supporting study	11
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

Study data: inhalation

39 studies submitted
15 studies processed

P/RResults: NOAEL (rat): 1 - 31 mg/m³ air [4]; LOAEL (rat): 1 - 80 mg/m³ air [4]; NOEL (rat): 10.1 mg/m³ air [2]; NOAEC (rat): 1.3 - 46 mg/m³ air [8]; LOAEC (rat): 500 - 50 400 µg/m³ air [3]

Study data: inhalation

Studies with data
Key study	11
Supporting study	13	2
Weight of evidence	4
Other	2	2

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	2
Exposure cons.
Other	3

Study data: dermal

8 studies submitted
0 studies processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Study data: dermal

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study	1
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.
Other

M/C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
2 summaries processed

Oral route - systemic effects:: No adverse effect observed NOAEL 2 500 mg/kg bw/day (chronic, rat)

Genetic toxicity

Study results

Study data: in vitro

37 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Study data: in vitro

Studies with data
Key study	21		6
Supporting study	8
Weight of evidence		2
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

Study data: in vivo

7 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: in vivo

Studies with data
Key study	3
Supporting study	2
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	2
Exposure cons.
Other

M/C Summaries

4 summaries submitted
4 summaries processed

Toxicity - InVitro: No adverse effect observed (negative)
Toxicity - InVivo: No adverse effect observed (negative)

Carcinogenicity

Study results

3 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Studies with data
Key study	2
Supporting study	1
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

Summaries

2 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Toxicity to reproduction

This section displays the values related to reproductive toxicity from all registered dossiers for the substance.

Study results

Study results are not processed for carcinogenicity in the context of Brief Profiles due to the use of complex field(s) to report the information, which cannot be easily summarised by an automatic algorithm.

Summary effect on fertility oral route

Processable data for study results is prioritised by test species (see list below) and subsequently further prioritised by the dose descriptor. Displayed is the most conservative of the prioritised value(s). If there is more than one result with the same value, data is further prioritised by test type and endpoint conclusion.

Data is generally displayed in milligrams per kilogram bodyweight per day.
Prioritization by test species:

Rat
Mouse
Dog
Cat
Cattle
Gerbil
Guinea pig
Hamster (combine hamster, Armenian; hamster, Chinese and hamster, Syrian)
Hen
Miniature swine
Monkey
Pig
Primate
Rabbit
Sheep

Note: Registrants can also select ‘other’ as the test species. If so, the data provided is not processed for the Brief Profile.

Prioritisation by descriptor type:

NOAEL
LOAEL
T25
BMDL05
BMD05
BMDL10

Prioritisation by test type:

Chronic
Subchronic
Subacute

Prioritisation by endpoint conclusion:

Adverse effect observed
No adverse effect observed
No study available / no study available (further information necessary)

Summary effect on fertility dermal route

See ‘Summary effect on fertility oral route’

Summary effect on fertility inhalation route

See ‘Summary effect on fertility oral route’, except:

Dose descriptor prioritization:

NOAEC
LOAEC
BMCL01
BMC05
BMCL10

Measurement units: mg/m3

Summary developmental toxicity oral route

See ‘Summary effect on fertility oral route’

Summary developmental toxicity dermal route

See ‘Summary effect on fertility oral route’

Summary developmental toxicity inhalation route

See ‘Summary effect on fertility oral route’, except:

Dose descriptor prioritization:

NOAEC
LOAEC
BMCL01
BMC05
BMCL10

Measurement units: mg/m3

Type of study provided

This section provides an overview of the type of study records behind the presented results and – if applicable - data waving justifications.

Study results

Study data: reproduction

14 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Type of Study provided

Study data: reproduction

Studies with data
Key study	3	1	2
Supporting study	1
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.
Other

Study data: developmental

23 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: developmental

Studies with data
Key study	8	1
Supporting study	6
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
Not feasible
Sci. unjustified	7
Exposure cons.
Other	1

Study data: other studies

0 studies submitted
0 studies processed

Study data not processed for brief profile

Study data: other studies

Studies with data
Key study
Supporting study
Weight of evidence
Other

Data waiving
no waivers

Summaries

5 summaries submitted
0 summaries processed

No automatically processable data submitted

Neurotoxicity

Data not provided by the registrant

Immunotoxicity

Data not provided by the registrant

Endocrine disrupter mammalian screening - in vivo

Data not provided by the registrant

The brief profile is based on non-confidential data contained in ECHA’s databases at the time of generation. Please be aware that as additional data is submitted to ECHA, the brief profile will also be updated to reflect the new situation. All data remain the property of its respective owners.
Note that the brief profile is an automatically generated summary and that not all available data may be displayed. The content is subject to change without prior notice. The information has not been reviewed or verified by ECHA or any other authority. The Agency thus cannot guarantee the correctness of the information displayed. The identification of applicable legislative frameworks is done automatically and without manual verification. Therefore this does not constitute official and legally binding information. To confirm if a substance is covered by a specific legislative framework the official publication should be consulted.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner. The Agency does not take any responsibility whatsoever for any copyright or other infringements that may be caused by using the information. This brief profile is covered by the ECHA Legal Notice.

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Summary

Type of study provided