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EC number: 208-953-6 | CAS number: 548-62-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from peer reviewed journal.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: As mentioned below
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- TLm (median tolerance limit) test was carried out according to the procedure of Japan Industrial Standards (Japanese Industrial Standards Committee, 1971). Ten fish of Himedaka per one trial were kept in 2 liter of deionized water at 25.C and, after 24 or 48 hours, lethal concentration of 50% fish was determined.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Crystal violet
- IUPAC name: N-(4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene}cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)-N-methylmethanaminium chloride
- Molecular formula : C25H30N3.Cl
Molecular weight : 407.986 g/mol
- Smiles notation: C(\c1ccc(N(C)C)cc1)(c1ccc(N(C)C)cc1)=C1\C=C\C(=[N+](/C)C)C=C1.[ClH-]
- InChl:1S/C25H30N3.ClH/c1-26(2)22-13-7-19(8-14-22)25(20-9-15-23(16-10-20)27(3)4)21-11-17-24(18-12-21)28(5)6;/h7-18H,1-6H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid - Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Oryzias latipes
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Japanese Medaka
- Length at study initiation : 2 CM
- Weight at study initiation: 0.2 G
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 10 days in the tap water before experiment. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- the effects were measured at 24hr and 48 hr.
- Test temperature:
- 25 C
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: toxic
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: toxic
- Conclusions:
- The Lethal concentration to 50% of Oryzias latipes for 24 Hour under static condition is 0.2 mg/L and for 48 hr is 0.1 mg/L. It can be concluded that the [4-[4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzhydrylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride is toxic to the aquatic environment.
- Executive summary:
The Lethal concentration to 50% of Oryzias latipes for 24 Hour under static condition is 0.2 mg/L and for 48 hr is 0.1 mg/L. It can be concluded that the [4-[4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzhydrylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride is toxic to the aquatic environment and can be considered as “Aquatic Acute 1” as per CLP regulation.
Reference
Description of key information
The experimental data from Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicinee following the standard testing procedures Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine suggests that the 4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-N,N-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-iminium chloride exhibits acute toxicity to fathead minnows under static unaerated test conditions during a 96-hour exposure. Its 96-hour LC-50 is 0.082 mg/l with 95% confidence limits of 0.065 mg/l and 0.11 mg/l. The slope of the dose response curve is 4.55 with 95% confidence limits of 2.16 and 6.94 is toxic to the aquatic environment.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 0.082 mg/L
Additional information
Following four studies of target substance includes experimental data following standard procedure, data from peer reviewed journal,
predicted data from Authoritative database are summarized below to conclude the toxicity of
N-(4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene}cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)-N-methylmethanaminium chloride towards fish:
The experimental data from Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicinee following the standard testing procedures Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine suggests that the 4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}-N,N-dimethylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-iminium chloride exhibits acute toxicity to fathead minnows under static unaerated test conditions during a 96-hour exposure. Its 96-hour LC-50 is 0.082 mg/l with 95% confidence limits of 0.065 mg/l and 0.11 mg/l. The slope of the dose response curve is 4.55 with 95% confidence limits of 2.16 and 6.94 is toxic to the aquatic environment.
The above study is supported by the result available from peer reviewed journal The Journal of Toxicological Sciences 1982, indicates that
The Lethal concentration to 50% of Oryzias latipes for 24 Hour under static condition is 0.2 mg/L and for 48 hr is 0.1 mg/L. It can be concluded that the [4-[4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzhydrylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride is toxic to the aquatic environment.
Another supporting study by the predicted data from Danish QSAR database estimates, The lethal concentration (LC50) at 96 hrs for [4-[4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzhydrylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride in Fathead minnow Using three different models i.e, Battery, Leadscope and SciQSAR is estimated to be 0.104 mg/L.
It is further supported by the predicted data by ACD (Advanced Chemistry Development)/I-Lab predictive module (v5.0.0.184) the predicted Median Lethal Concentration (LC50, mg/L) for fish species Pimephales promelas of the [4-[4,4'-bis(dimethylamino)benzhydrylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]dimethylammonium chloride found to be 0.13 mg/l on the basis of mortality effects.
Thus based on the effect concentrations which is in the range 0.082 mg/L to 0.2 mg/l give the conclusion that test substance N-(4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene}cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)-N-methylmethanaminium chloride (Cas no. 548-62-9) was likely to be toxic to fish at environmentally relevant concentrations and can be considered to be “Aquatic Acute 1”as per the CLP classification criteria.
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