Alkanes, C10-13, chloro

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1979

Reference 2

Reference Type:

secondary source

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2000

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

reporting requirements not fully met (no data on concentrations tested, no detailed results presented, only mininmal description of test methods)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Alkanes, C10-13, chloro

EC Number:

287-476-5

EC Name:

Alkanes, C10-13, chloro

Cas Number:

85535-84-8

IUPAC Name:

Alkanes, C10-C13, Chloro

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): (i) Witaclor 49, (ii) Witaclor 55EN, (iii) Witaclor 63, (iv) Witaclor 71P, (v) Chloroparaffin huls 70C
- Substance type: technical product
- Physical state: no data
- Analytical purity: no data
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): no data
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: (i) C10-13; 49% Cl, (ii) C10-13; 56% Cl, (iii) C10-13; 63% Cl, (iv) C10-13; 71% Cl), (v) C11.5; 70% Cl.

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
no data

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Details on sampling:

no data

Test solutions

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

"Subtances with low solubility in water were first dissolved in acetone (p.a.quality) and then added to the test vessels"
Concentration of vehicle in test medium : 500 µl/L

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Alburnus alburnus

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Bleak
- Strain: Pisces
- Source: wild caught in the Baltic in the vicinity of the testing laboratory
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): no data
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): "only animals with a body length of about 8 cm were used"
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): no data
- Method of breeding: not applicable
- Feeding during test: no data

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: >= 2 weeks
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): brackish water at 10oC
- Type and amount of food: Tetramin (Tetra Werke, Germany)
- Feeding frequency: once per day until 48 h prior to test
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): no data

QUARANTINE (wild caught)
- Duration: >= 2 weeks
- Health/mortality: "disinfection of fish was not considered necessary"

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

brackish water

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Post exposure observation period:

no data

Test conditions

Hardness:

no data

Test temperature:

10oC

pH:

7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

>= 5 mg/l

Salinity:

7‰

Nominal and measured concentrations:

"The main tests were carried out with at least 6 concentrations and one control"

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Aquarium
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 70L glass aquarium sealed with silicone rubber; test volume - 60L
- Aeration: no
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): not applicable
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): not renewed
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: no data

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: "natural brackish water was pumped into the laboratory from a depth of 40 m from the nearby Tvaren Bay in the Baltic Sea and then filtered through a 300µm filter"
- Alkalinity: 1.5 mequ/l
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: no data

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: none
- Photoperiod: 12 hr light/12 hr dark
- Light intensity: no data

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mortality daily

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: no data
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: used greater than guideline number
- Range finding study: yes
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes (approx. mortality interval)

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Remarks:

But 78 chemicals were studies, some of which exhibited high acute toxicity in this test system

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 5 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: Witaclor 49

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 10 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: Witaclor 55EN

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 5 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: Witaclor 63

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 5 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: Witaclor 71P

Effect concentrations 5

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 10 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: Chloroparaffin huls 70C

Details on results:

- Behavioural abnormalities: not assessed
- Observations on body length and weight: not assessed
- Other biological observations: none
- Mortality of control: no data, but the 96 h LC50 for acetone was determined as 11,000 mg/L
- Other adverse effects control: no data
- Abnormal responses: not assessed
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: none
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no data

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid?: no reference substance included, but 2 insecticides tested (Permethrin and Fenvalerate) were highly toxic
- Mortality: no data
- LC50: Permethrin: 0.004 - 0.008 mg/L; Fenvalerate: 0.002 - 0.003 mg/L

Reported statistics and error estimates:

no data

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

No mortalities were observed in Bleak (Alburnus alburnus) exposed to a number of C10-13 chlorinated paraffins and to one C11.5 chlorinated paraffin in brackish water at concentrations up to 5000 or 10,000 mg/L for 96 h. The 96 h LC50s for Witaclor 49, Witaclor 63 and Witaclor 71P can be considered to be greater than 5000 mg/L and for Witaclor 55EN and Chloroparaffin huls 70C greater than 10,000 mg/L.

Executive summary:

A fish acute toxicity test was performed to determine the 96 h LC50 in the bleak (Alburnus alburnus) of five SCCPs; the C10-13 chlorinated paraffins Witaclor 49 (49% Cl), Witaclor 55EN (56% Cl), Witaclor 63 (63% Cl) and Witaclor 71P (71% Cl) and the C11.5 substance Chloroparaffin huls 70C (70% Cl), under static conditions. The test substances were dissolved in acetone to prepare the neccessary dilutions due to their low water solubility. At least six concentrations of each test substance was used in the study with an acetone concentration of 500 µl/L; solvent and untreated control groups were also included.

No mortality was observed in bleaks exposed for 96 h in brackish water containing up to 5000 mg/L of Witaclor 49, Witaclor 63 or Witaclor 71P or up to 10,000 mg/L of Witaclor 55EN or Chloroparaffin huls 70C. Therefore, the 96 h LC50 values can be considered as greater than these concentrations.