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EC number: 271-524-7 | CAS number: 68583-95-9 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 16035:1.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to microorganisms, other
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Remarks:
- Experimental data of test chemical
- Justification for type of information:
- Experimental data of test chemical from handbook or collection of data
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Refer below principle
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- WoE report is prepared based on toxicity to microorganism studies:
WoE-2 and WoE-3 - GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- 1. Concentrations: The test chemical conc. used for the study was 1000 mg/l (0.1%) and 10000 mg/l (1%)
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- other: 1. Paramecium caudatum, 2.Vibrio fisheri
- Details on inoculum:
- 1. Laboratory culture: No data available
Method of cultivation: Food dye (test chemical) of 0.1% conc. was put in a hollow slide glass, and an equal volume of 0.04 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, was added. After 5 to 10 Paramecium caudatum were added, their survival times were measured microscopically. 30 to 40 test organism for each conc. were tested and the mean survival time and the death rate was calculated.
Preparation of inoculum for exposure: No data available
Pretreatment: No data available
Initial biomass concentration: No data available - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 20 min
- Post exposure observation period:
- 1. After 20 mins, the mean survival time and the death rate was calculated. 2. 30.0 min exposure was provided to the microorganism
- Test temperature:
- 2. 20 °C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1. nominal concentrations
2. 500–5000 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- 1. Test vessel: Hollow slide glass
Type (delete if not applicable): No data available
Material, size, headspace, fill volume: No data available
Aeration: No data available
Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): No data available
Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): No data available
No. of organisms per vessel: 30 to 40 test organism for each test conc. was taken for the study.
No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): No data available
No. of vessels per control (replicates): No data available
No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): No data available
Biomass loading rate: No data available
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
Source/preparation of dilution water: No data available
Total organic carbon: No data available
Particulate matter: No data available
Metals: No data available
Pesticides: No data available
Chlorine: No data available
Alkalinity: No data available
Ca/mg ratio: No data available
Conductivity: No data available
Culture medium different from test medium: No data available
Intervals of water quality measurement: No data available
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
Adjustment of pH: No data available
Photoperiod: No data available
Light intensity: No data available
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): After 20 mins, the mean survival time and the death rate was calculated.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
Spacing factor for test concentrations: No data available
Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: No data available
Range finding study: No data available
Test concentrations: 10000 mg/l (1%) and 1000 mg/l (0.1%)
Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: No data available - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 20 min
- Dose descriptor:
- other: greater than EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth inhibition
- Remarks on result:
- other: 1st study
- Duration:
- 30 min
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 375 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: inhibition % of light production
- Remarks on result:
- other: 2nd study
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The test substance shows moderate to negligible toxicity of inhibition range 1375 mg/l - 10000 mg/l.
- Executive summary:
Various studies available for the test chemical were reviewed to determine the toxic nature of test chemical on the growth and other activity of microorganisms. The studies are as mentioned below:
In the first study the death of Paramecium caudatum (PC), a unicellular animal, can be observed more readily and in far less time than that of small animals. Hence a bioassay was conducted to study the toxic effect of Test chemical. Paramecium Caudatum was maintained at 22°C on 0.15 % dried lettuce infusion and fed with Aerobacter aerogenes. Chemical was tested in 0.1% and 1% concentration. The test concentrations were put in a hollow slide glass, and an equal volume of 0.04 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, was added. After 5 to 10 test organisms were added, their survival times were measured microscopically. Thirty to forty test organisms for each concentration were tested by the same method, and the mean survival time and the death rate were calculated. The survival time was defined as the time required until death was observed for each concentration. Death was assumed to have occurred when there was no movement. The death rate was defined as the percentage of deaths observed during 20 minutes. The mean survival time (in sec) of test organism Paramecium caudatum was determined to be 695 seconds. The death rate of the test organism at 10000 mg/l was 77.4%. Therefore the Effective concentration causing more than 50% death of Paramecium caudatum was reported as 10000 mg/l.
Another study was also reviewed from peer reviewed journal in this study the exposure times of test chemical were 30 s and 30 min, and the peak luminescence value was obtained during the first 5 s after adding the bacterial suspension to the sample. The tested concentrations amounted to 500–5000 mg/l with RO16. The results were calculated as the inhibition % of light production and expressed using the corresponding EC50 values. With 30-min exposure time, EC50 values is determine to be 1375 mg/L for the test chemical. Thus based on the EC50 value, chemical consider to be nontoxic to the growth of microorganism.
Thus based on the overall studies for the test chemical, chemical consider to be nontoxic and the toxicity ranges from the concentration 1375 mg/l - 10000 mg/l.
Reference
1.The mean survival time (in sec) of test organismParamecium caudatum was determined to be 695 seconds.
Table 1:EFFECT OF FOOD DYES ON THE MEAN SURVIVAL TIME AND DEATH RATE OF Paramecium caudatum
Test chemical |
Dye concentration |
|||
1.0% |
0.1% |
|||
Mean survival time (sec) |
Death rate (%) |
Mean survival time (sec) |
Death rate (%) |
|
Test chemical |
695 |
77.4 |
-* |
3.3 |
-* indicates no deaths were observed for 20 minutes
2. The toxic effects were observed in similar ranges of dye concentrations in the flash luminescence test and protozoan tests, in spite of different endpoints involved. Compared to other compounds, the dyes used were not very efficient in inhibiting luminescence The effective dye concentrations exceeded those normally encountered in textile industry environmental pollution . Due to its simplicity and rapidity, the flash test was suitable for determination of toxicity of dye compounds, but its use for toxicity evaluation of dye containing diluted effluents could be limited because of the low sensitivity to these compounds.
Description of key information
The test substance shows moderate to negligible toxicity of inhibition range 1375 mg/l - 10000 mg/l.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 1 375 mg/L
Additional information
Toxicity to microorganisms:
Various studies available for the test chemical were reviewed to determine the toxic nature of test chemical on the growth and other activity of microorganisms. The studies are as mentioned below:
In the first study the death of Paramecium caudatum (PC), a unicellular animal, can be observed more readily and in far less time than that of small animals. Hence a bioassay was conducted to study the toxic effect of Test chemical. Paramecium Caudatum was maintained at 22°C on 0.15 % dried lettuce infusion and fed with Aerobacter aerogenes. Chemical was tested in 0.1% and 1% concentration. The test concentrations were put in a hollow slide glass, and an equal volume of 0.04 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, was added. After 5 to 10 test organisms were added, their survival times were measured microscopically. Thirty to forty test organisms for each concentration were tested by the same method, and the mean survival time and the death rate were calculated. The survival time was defined as the time required until death was observed for each concentration. Death was assumed to have occurred when there was no movement. The death rate was defined as the percentage of deaths observed during 20 minutes. The mean survival time (in sec) of test organismParamecium caudatumwas determined to be 695 seconds. The death rate of the test organism at 10000mg/l was 77.4%. Therefore the Effective concentration causing more than 50% death of Paramecium caudatum was reported as 10000 mg/l.
First study was supported by the second study from peer reviewed journal. The exposure times were 30 s and 30 min, and the peak luminescence value was obtained during the first 5 s after adding the bacterial suspension to the sample. The tested concentrations amounted to 500–5000 mg/l with RO16. The results were calculated as the inhibition % of light production and expressed using the corresponding EC50 values. With 30-min exposure time, EC50 values is determine to be 1375 mg/L for the test chemical. Thus based on the EC50 value, chemical consider to be nontoxic to the growth of microorganism.
Thus based on the overall studies for the test chemical, chemical consider to be nontoxic and the toxicity ranges from the concentration 1375 mg/l - 10000 mg/l.
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