Disodium 3-[(5-chloro-2-phenoxyphenyl)azo]-4-hydroxy-5-[[(p-tolyl)sulphonyl]amino]naphthalene-2,7-disulphonate

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

other: expert judgement based on available data

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

accepted calculation method

Guideline:

other: REACH Guidance on QSARs R.6

Inoculum or test system:

other: expert judgement

Parameter:

probability of ready biodegradability (QSAR/QSPR)

Remarks on result:

not readily biodegradable based on QSAR/QSPR prediction

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Remarks:

estimation by EPI Suite and QSAR

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

Based on prediction carried out with EPI Suite and QSAR, the substance resulted as non ready biodegradable.

Executive summary:

Method

Estimation of probability of rapid biodegradation relying on EPI Suite and QSAR dyes. The overall assessment is based on the responses given by different predictive models for biodegradability under various conditions: linear and non-linear models, ultimate and primary survey models, MITI linear and non-linear models, anaerobic linear model.

Results

The substance was predicted to be not ready biodegradable.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Remarks:

prediction

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

2020

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

accepted calculation method

Justification for type of information:

QSAR estimation

Qualifier:

no guideline required

Principles of method if other than guideline:

QSAR dyes R&C report produced by version QSAR dyes RC 2.0 Developed by Milano Chemometrics and QASR research group Dept. Earth and Environmental Science, University Milano
Bicocca, Italy.

Parameter:

probability of ready biodegradability (QSAR/QSPR)

Remarks on result:

not readily biodegradable based on QSAR/QSPR prediction

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Remarks:

estimation by prediction tool

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

Based on prediction carried out with the prediction tool, the substance resulted as non ready biodegradable.

Executive summary:

Results

The substance was predicted to be not ready biodegradable.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

From the 15th of July to the 31th of August, 1994

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Internal method SAV: 13 000 03

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

Sludge from Ara Reinach communal sewage treatment plant, collected on 02/08/1994

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Details on study design:

TEST CONDITIONS- Test temperature: 22.0 ± 3°C (room temperature)- Lighting: indirect daylight- Test concentrations: 150 mg/L DOC nominal

Reference substance:

diethylene glycol

Preliminary study:

A preliminary study was performed

Parameter:

other: DOC

Value:

5.3

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: everage of 2 tests running in parallel

Parameter:

other: adsorption

Value:

6.3

Sampling time:

3 h

Details on results:

The biodegradation value has been corrected by the blank control.See table 1 attached for further details on data.

Results with reference substance:

DOC (mg/l) is: 99.5 % 8th day (average of 2 tests running in parallel).Corrected by the blank control and measured.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

not inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

The biodegradation of the test substance Acid Red 249 after 28 days was 5.3 % while the biodegradation of the reference substance after 8 days was 99.5 %.

Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of the substance was determined in a Zahn-Wellens, test according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B, Paris 1992. The test has been performed in compliance with the Procedures and Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (March 1986) issued by the Swiss Federal Department of the Interior recognizing the " OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice " Paris, 1981. The test substance Acid Red 249 and the reference substance Diethylenglycol, respectively, were tested in concentrations of 150 mg/l DOC.

The biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 5.3 % while the biodegradation of the reference substance after 8 days was 99.5 %.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening tests

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

The 13th of September 1977

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Test not performed under GLP Guideline. Internal method were used, but not detailed.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Internal Method A.16

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

Pre GLP.

Inoculum or test system:

not specified

Remarks on result:

not determinable

Parameter:

BOD5

Value:

ca. 0 mg O2/g test mat.

Key result

Parameter:

BOD5*100/COD

Value:

ca. 0 other: n.a.

Concentration: 500 mg/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

BOD of the test substance is 0 mg/g O2. The calculated Biodegradability index" (B.I.)., BOD5/COD is 0.

Executive summary:

BOD5 was measured according to Method A-15. Details of the method have been not reported.

The BOD measured was 0 mg/g O2, at concentration of 500 mg/L.

The calculated Biodegradability index" (B.I.)., BOD5/COD is 0.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening tests

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

The 13th of September 1977

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Test not performed under GLP Guideline. Internal method were used, but not detailed.

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Internal method A.16

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

Pre GLP.

Inoculum or test system:

not specified

Remarks on result:

not determinable

Parameter:

COD

Value:

ca. 1 087 mg O2/g test mat.

Key result

Parameter:

BOD5*100/COD

Value:

0

Concentration: 5 mg/L

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

COD of the test substance is 1087 mg/g O2. The calculated Biodegradability index" (B.I.)., BOD5/COD is 0.

Executive summary:

COD was measured according to Method A-16. Details of the method have been not reported.

The COD measured was 1087 mg/g O2, at concentration of 5 mg/L.

The calculated Biodegradability index" (B.I.)., BOD5/COD is 0.

Description of key information

Based on expert judgement and QSAR prediction the substance is not readily biodegradable.

Additional tests for the evaluation of inherent biodegradability and BOD/COD evalutaion of the substance itself are available with weight of evidence approach.

Inherent biodegradability: the biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 5.3 % while the biodegradation of the reference substance after 8 days was 99.5 %.
COD: 1087 mg/g O₂, at concentration of 5 mg/L.
BOD5: 0 mg/g O₂, at concentration of 500 mg/L.
BOD5/COD: 0

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

not biodegradable

Additional information

Based on expert judgement and QSAR prediction the substance is not readily biodegradable.

Different available tests may be valuable, as part of a Weight of Evidence approach that gives information on biodegradability.

Inherent biodegradability

The inherent biodegradability was determined in a Zahn-Wellens, test according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B, Paris 1992. The test has been performed in compliance with the Procedures and Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (March 1986) issued by the Swiss Federal Department of the Interior recognizing the " OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice " Paris, 1981. The test substance and the reference substance Diethylenglycol, respectively, were tested in concentrations of 150 mg/l DOC.

The biodegradation of the test substance after 28 days was 5.3 % while the biodegradation of the reference substance after 8 days was 99.5 %.

COD/BOD5 ratio

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) are the most commonly used parameters for the characterization of the biodegradability capacity.

COD results are typically higher than BOD5 values, and the ratio between vary depending on the characteristics of the substrate. This ratio has been commonly used as an indicator for biodegradation capacity, the "Biodegradability index" (B.I.).

Studies on BOD5 and COD are available for this substance, therefore they have been used together with the inherent biodegradability OECD 302.B.

in the weight of evidence approach for this substance.

COD was measured according to Method A-16. Details of the method have been not reported. The COD measured was 1087 mg/g O2, at concentration of 5 mg/L.

BOD5 was measured according to Method A-15. Details of the method have been not reported. The BOD5 measured was 0 mg/g O2, at concentration of 500 mg/L.

The ratio BOD5/COD is 0.