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EC number: 457-810-6 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- Test dates: Nov. 02, 2012 to Jun. 19, 2013
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- It was reported in the study report that the maximum value of relative deviation between the two replicates was 14,8% (less than the validity criteria of 20%) but this relative deviation was calculated with the mean of replicates. If we consider the difference of extremes of replicate values (like mentioned in the OECD Guideline), and not the mean value, the deviation is >20% (21,5% at d14 and 24,5% at d28). But as the substance is well readily biodegradable and that we have another study showing the same conclusion, this study is reliable with restrictions.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Dangerous Chemicals Administration. GB/T 21801 "- 2008 Chemicals - Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test [S].
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not applicable
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Issued on November 24, 2010.
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- sewage, domestic, adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: The secondary of Liede Sewage Treatment Plant of Guangzhou
The sludge was washed by centrifugation, the supernatant liquid phase was decanted and the solid material resuspended in a mineral medium. A homogenized aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighted. Based on this ration, calculated amount of wet sludge was suspended in mineral medium to obtain a concentration equivalent to 2.4g dry material per liter. Appropriate volume of inoculum“ was inoculated in each bottle to give a final concentration of 28 mg dry material per liter. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 22 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium:
Stock solution (a)
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO4: 8.50 g/L
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate K2HPO4: 28.5 g/L
Twelve hydration disodium hydrogen phosphate, Na2HPO4: 67.15 g/L
Ammonium chloride NH4Cl: 0.50 g/L
Dissolve in Water and made up to 1L.
Stock solution (b)
Anhydrous calcium chloride CaCl2: 13.75 g/L
Dissolve in water and made up to 0.5L.
Stock solution (c)
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate MgSO4 7H2O: 11.25 g/L
Stock solution (d)
Iron (Ill) chloride hexahydrate FeCl3 6H2O: 0.125 g/L
Dissolve in water and make up to 0.5L.
80mL of solution (a) was mixed with 6000mL deionized Water, then 8 mL of solutions (b), (c) and (d) were added and made up to 8L with water.
- Test temperature: 22 °C ± 1°C
- pH: 7.4 ± 0.2 - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Remarks:
- Guangzhou Chemical Reagent Factory (≥99.5%)
- Test performance:
- (1) The oxygen uptake of the inoculum blanks was 16.8 mg/L and 17.7 mg/L, less than 60 mg/L in 28 days.
(2) At the end of the test, pH values of each test bottle was in the range of 6.0-8.5.
(3) At the stable in the test, at end of the test and the end of 10d-window, the maximum relative deviation between two replicate was 14.8%, less than 20%.
(4) The percentage degradation (based on ThOD) of reference substance was 80.2%, which had reached the pass levels of 60% by day 14. - Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 83.3
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 82.4
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Results with reference substance:
- At 14 d, 80.2 % biodegradation is observed.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- with one deviation: difference of extremes is >20% (21,5% at d14 and 24,5% at d 28)
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- According OECD guideline 301F, test item is readily biodegradable in the test.
- Executive summary:
The Ready Biodegradability of test item was determined by the Manometric Respirometry Test. The test item is readily biodegradable in the test for the period of 28 days. Control solutions with inoculum and the reference item, sodium benzoate, together with a toxicity control were used for validation purposes. The test item attained, 83.3 % biodegradation after 28 days and satisfied the 10-days window validation criterion. The test item is readily biodegradable according to OECD guideline 301 F. It was reported in the study report that the maximum value of relative deviation between the two replicates was 14,8% (less than the validity criteria of 20%) but this relative deviation was calculated with the mean of replicates. If we consider the difference of extremes of replicate values (like mentioned in the OECD Guideline), and not the mean value, the deviation is >20% (21,5% at d14 and 24,5% at d28). But as the substance is well readily biodegradable and that we have another study showing the same conclusion, this study is reliable with restrictions.
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Test dates: Jun. 21-22 to Dec. 21, 2005
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not applicable
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Inspected on: 11-15 October 2004; Signed on: 28 July 2007
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: aeration tank of RWZl, Zonhoven (Belgium) dealing with domestic sewage.
Upon arrival at the laboratory, the liquor was sieved through a 0.5 mm sieve in order to remove large particles and aerated for 4 hours before the -start of the test. The pH of the liquor was 7.00. Then the liquor was homogenised and allowed to settle for 30-60 minutes. The clear supernatant was decanted to provide sufficient volume for a 1 % inoculum in each carboy. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 15 mg/L
- Based on:
- ThCO2
- Remarks:
- 163 mg
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- activated sludge, domestic, adapted
- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: aeration tank of RWZl, Zonhoven (Belgium) dealing with domestic sewage.
Upon arrival at the laboratory, the liquor was sieved through a 0.5 mm sieve in order to remove large particles and aerated for 4 hours before the -start of the test. The pH of the liquor was 7.00. Then the liquor was homogenised and allowed to settle for 30-60 minutes. The clear supernatant was decanted to provide sufficient volume for a 1 % inoculum in each carboy.
TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium:
Mineral stock solutions were prepared as follows:
Phosphate solution:
KH2PO4: 8.50 g/L
K2HPO4: 21.75 g/L
Na2HPO4: 26.64 g/L
NH4Cl: 0.50 g/L
CaCl2 2H2O: 36.40 g/L
MgSO4 7H2O: 22.50 g/L
FeCl3 6H2O: 0.25 g/L
The mineral medium contained the following amounts of stock solution per litre High quality water.
- 10 ml of the phosphate solution;
- 1 ml of the CaCl2.2H2O solution;
- 1 ml of the MgSO4.7H2O solution;
- 1 ml of the FeCl3.6H2O solution.
- Test temperature: 21 to 26 °C
- pH: 6.82 - 7.47
- pH adjusted: no
- Aeration of dilution water: CO2-free air
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 5 L brown glass vessels with aeration tubes.
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Measuring equipment: TOC analysers: Element Analyser EA 1112 and Shimadzu TOC-VCPN
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: a 1 L glass vessel containing 700 mL 0.0125 M Ba(OH)2.8H2O is connected in series between a pressurised air source and a carboy. Air is sparged through the scrubbing solutions at a constant rate.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Control: 531 ml High quality water
- Reference: 15 mg/L final carbon (Sodium benzoate); 30 ml + 501 ml High quality water
- Toxicity control: 0.0626 mg of test item + 30 mg/L final carbon (Sodium benzoate); 30 ml + 501 ml High quality water - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 83
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- According OECD guideline 301B, test item is readily biodegradable or had no inhibitory effect on the micro-organisms in the test.
- Executive summary:
The Ready Biodegradability of test item was determined in an aerobic, inoculated aqueous medium, aerated with CO2-free air at a controled rate in the dark. Degradation was followed over 28 days by determinaton of the CO2 production, in relation to the theoretical CO2 that could have been produced, based on the carbon content of the test item. Control solutions with inoculum and the reference item, sodium benzoate, together with a toxicity control were used for validation purposes. The test item attained, 83 % biodegradation after 28 days and satisfied the 10-days window validation criterion. The test item is readily biodegradable according to OECD guideline 301 B.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 5.2.1.1: The percentage biodegradadation calculated by BOD
Time (days) |
Test Suspension-1 |
Test Suspension-2 |
Average |
Relative differences |
Procedure control |
3 |
54.4 |
43.5 |
48.9 |
11.1 |
58.1 |
7 |
80.8 |
64.3 |
72.6 |
11.4 |
77.0 |
10 |
89.0 |
71.6 |
80.3 |
10.8 |
81.2 |
14 |
94.1 |
72.6 |
83.3 |
12.9 |
80.2 |
17 |
96.1 |
74.6 |
85.3 |
12.6 |
- |
21 |
96.1 |
75.6 |
85.9 |
11.9 |
- |
25 |
98.4 |
74.8 |
86.6 |
13.6 |
- |
28 |
94.7 |
70.2 |
82.4 |
14.8 |
- |
Control vessels
The total CO2production in the control inoculums at the end of the test was ≤ 7.05 mg/L and did not exceed 70 mg/L medium.
Reference item
Biodegradation (% of ThCO2) of the reference item was 67% after 5 days and increased to 100% by day 22. The test therefore fulfilled the necessary criteria (> 60% biodegradation by day 14).
5 days |
biodegradation (% of ThCO2) |
67 % |
28 days (end of the test) |
biodegradation (% of ThCO2) |
100 % |
Toxicity control
The biodegradation of the toxicity control was > 25 % after 14 days, indicating that test item had no inhibitory effect on the micro-organisms in the test.
10 days |
biodegradation (% of ThCO2) |
76 % |
28 days (end of the test) |
biodegradation (% of ThCO2) |
83 % |
Test item
The following results were obtained for the ready biodegradability of the test item, based on mg CO2produced with respect to the ThCO2.
10-day window |
1. biodegradation (% of ThCO2) |
day 0 (test day 3): |
21 % |
day 7 (test day 10) *: |
73 % |
||
2. biodegradation (% of ThCO2) |
day 0 (test day 3): |
18 % |
|
day 7 (test day 10) *: |
73 % |
||
28 days (end of the (test) |
1. biodegradation (% of ThCO2) |
|
83 % |
2. biodegradation (% of ThCO2) |
|
83 % |
*: No measurement was done on day 10 of the 10-day window, but on day 7 already > 60% biodegradation occurred.
The difference between the degradation results of the replicates with test item was 60% at the end of the test (due to the low degradation results).
Description of key information
OECD Guideline 301B, EGLP, Key study, validity 1:
83% biodegradation after 28 days within the 10d window
Readily biodegradable
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
To assess the biodegradation potential of the registered substance, two experimental studies are available.
One study (Lisec, 2005), assessed as the key study, was performed on the registered substance to assess the ready biodegradability of the test item in an aerobic aqueous medium, according to OECD Guideline 301B performed under GLP (with statement included in the report). The Ready Biodegradability of test item was determined in an aerobic, inoculated aqueous medium, aerated with CO2-free air at a controled rate in the dark. Degradation was followed over 28 days by determinaton of the CO2 production, in relation to the theoretical CO2 that could have been produced, based on the carbon content of the test item. Control solutions with inoculum and the reference item, sodium benzoate, together with a toxicity control were used for validation purposes. The test item attained, 83 % biodegradation after 28 days and satisfied the 10-days window validation criterion. The test item is readily biodegradable according to OECD guideline 301 B.
The second study (Guangdong, 2013) was also performed on the registered substance but according to the manometric respirometry method. Control solutions with inoculum and the reference item, sodium benzoate, together with a toxicity control were used for validation purposes. The test item attained, 83.3 % biodegradation after 28 days and satisfied the 10-days window validation criterion. The test item is readily biodegradable according to OECD guideline 301 F. It was reported in the study report that the maximum value of relative deviation between the two replicates was 14,8% (less than the validity criteria of 20%) but this relative deviation was calculated with the mean of replicates. If we consider the difference of extremes of replicate values (like mentioned in the OECD Guideline), and not the mean value, the deviation is >20% (21,5% at d14 and 24,5% at d28). But as the substance is well readily biodegradable and that we have another study showing the same conclusion, this study is reliable with restrictions.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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