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EC number: 902-591-9 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- GLP-compliance not reported in the literature.
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- CULTURING
- Culturing: single clone Daphnia magna (clone K6) cultures were held in 1 L glass recipients filled with aerated and biologically filtered tap water, each containing 20 - 25 individuals.
- Conditions: the temperature in the temperature and light controlled chamber (Type WT150'/+5DU-WB, Weiss Technik, Liedekerke, Belgium) was maintained at 20 ± 1 °C with a photoperiod of 14 h light/10 h dark throughout culturing and exposure experiments.
- Water renewal: three times weekly
- Feeding: the daphnids were fed a mixture of P. subcapitata and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in a 3/1 ratio (4 x 10E5 cells/ml)
- Age of daphnids at test initiation: < 24 h - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96
- Hardness:
- initial water hardness: 250 mg CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 1 °C
- pH:
- initial pH: 7.8-8.2
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentrations (linear 1/2 dilution series): 1 - 32 g/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessels: glass recipients
- Test volume: 50 ml
- No of animals/replicate: 10
- No of replicates/concentration: 3
- Test medium: reconsituted water
- Test media renewal: every 24 h
TEST MEDIUM
- Medium: reconstituted water
TEST CONDITIONS
- Feeding: daphnids were fed the same algae mixture as during culturing
- Photoperiod: 14 h light/ 10 h dark - Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 18 260 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The 96-hour EC50 was determined to be 18260 mg/L (nominal).
- Executive summary:
In a semi-static Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test according to OECD Guideline 202 young Daphnia magna (less than 24 hours old) were exposed for 96 hours to a linear ½ dilution series of 1 - 32 g Methanol/L in nominal. The test solutions were renewed every 24 hours. As a result, the 96-hour EC50 was determined to be 18260 mg/L (nominal).
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: DIN 38412 Teil 11
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- German DIN guideline: "Bestimmung der Wirkung von Wasserinhaltsstoffen auf Kleinkrebse. Determination of the effects of substances in water to small crustacea
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 6 - 24 h
- Feeding during test: No feed was given during the test period. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- total hardness: 2.4 mmol/L
Calcium to magnesium ratio: 4:1
Sodium to potassium ratio: 10:1 - Test temperature:
- 20°C
- pH:
- initial 8.0 ± 0.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- ≥ 2 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 50 mL beakers
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: From the solution with the pollutant, dilution series were prepared using dilution water of the specified composition. The concentration steps of the test solution were selected so as to give 3-4 EC values in a range between EC0 and EC100, of which at least one value was below and one above EC50.
- acid capacity: 0.8 mmol/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The 48-hour EC50 was dtermined to be > 10000 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
In a static test according to the German Guideline DIN 38412 with Daphnia magna the 48-hour EC50 was found to be > 10000 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- additionally, tests with a second species, Daphnia pulex were conducted
- Source: Department of Biology, University of Turku, Finland
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): < 24 h , neonates
- Method of breeding: cultured in M4 medium, 20 ± 2°C
- Food type: Scenedesmus algae every second or third day depending on the density of the culture. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 2°C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- at least five concentrations; not specified
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 mL polypropylene vessels, with 50 mL liquid in each
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): at least 3
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Toxicity tests were performed in standard reference water (SRW; 2.4 mM NaHCO3 , 0.15 mM K2SO4 , 2.0 mM CaCI2 , 0.01 mM KH2PO4, pH 7.6) according to the OECD standard protocol with a few modifications.
- Photoperiod: 12:12-h light:dark - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 20 803 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- The EC50 value for D. pulex were not obtained because of solubility problems (i.e., EC5O was not reached at the solubility limit of the chemical in the test solution, or the dose-response curves were irregular).
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EC5O values were calculated using regression analysis after linearization of the dose-response curves by logarithmic transformation of the concentrations (statistical program; GraphPad 4, Intuitive Software for Science, San Diego, CA).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The 24-hour EC50 was determined to be 20803 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity of Methanol to Daphnia magna was assessed in a study according to OECD 202 under static conditions with at least five test item concentrations (not further specified) for a duration of 24 hours. The 24-hour EC50 was calculated to be 20803 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 29.11.1994 - 22.12.1994
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: DIN 38 412, Part 11
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- QAU statement available
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna Straus
- Strain: Klon 5
- Source: Daphnienzucht der Hoechst AG, Abteilung UWS
- Age at study initiation: > 6 h; < 23 h
- Method of breeding: Daphnids were held in 4 liter glass petri dishes. The medium was changed once per week and the animals were fed twice per day with algae (Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Feeding during test: no - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 20°C
- pH:
- 7.7 - 7.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.9 - 9.0
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Only nominal values are given
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type: closed system, because of the volatility of the test item.
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 300 ml screw cap botteles made of glass. They were filled up to the brim with medium.
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Preparation of dilution water: according to DIN 38412, part 30, and DIN 38412, part 11
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: Test was performed in the dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : Immobility. Due to the fact that the test item was volatile and the test was therefore performed in closed vessels, effects were only determined after 48 hours.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: sqare root of 2 - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 362 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 026.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95 % confidence interval: 895.7 - 1435.4 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 1 448.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: immobility
- Mortality of control: none - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- Mortality: 0.9 mg/l: 0 %; 1.9 mg/l: 75 %; 2.4 mg/l: 100 %
- EC50: > 0.9 mg/l < 1.9 mg/l - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- A probit analysis was conducted for the estimation of the EC50 and the confidence intervals according to the method of Stephan (ASTM 634, American Society for Testing and Materials, 65-84, 1971)
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the results, the EC50 of methyl acetate to Daphnia magna was calculated to be 1026.7 mg/L, based on nominal values.
- Executive summary:
The 48–hr acute toxicity of methyl acetate to Daphnia magna was studied under static conditions. Daphnids were exposed to control, and test chemical at nominal concentrations of 128, 181.02, 256, 362.04, 512, 724.08, 1024, 1448.16, and 2048 mg a.i./L} for 48 hr. Immobilization was observed at test termination. The 48– hour EC50 was 1026.7 mg a.i./L. The 48– hr EC0 based on immobilization was 362.04 mg a.i./L. This study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for an acute toxicity study with freshwater invertebrates.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 18 260 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 10 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 20 803
- Nominal / measured:
- not specified
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: nominal/measured not specified
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- Please refer to IUCLID section 13 for Read Across Justification.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 026.7 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1: Effect of methyl acetate on immobilisation of Daphnia magna
Treatment |
No. of organisms at test begin |
Observation period |
||||
24 hours* |
48 hours |
|||||
Cumul. no. of dead |
% mortality |
Cumul. no. of dead |
% mortality |
|||
Control |
70 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
|
128 |
20 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
|
181,02 |
20 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
|
256 |
20 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
|
362,04 |
20 |
— |
— |
0 |
0 |
|
512 |
20 |
— |
— |
1 |
5 |
|
724,08 |
20 |
— |
— |
1 |
5 |
|
1024 |
20 |
— |
— |
11 |
55 |
|
1448,16 |
20 |
— |
— |
20 |
100 |
|
2048 |
20 |
— |
— |
20 |
100 |
*not evaluated, because test was conducted in a closed system due to the volatility of the test item
Description of key information
The EC50 of the registration substance was determined to be 1026.7 mg/L based on a read across to the structural analogue Methyl acetate (CAS 79-20-9).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 1 026.7 mg/L
Additional information
No data on short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates are available for the registration substance itself, but for the read across source substances Methanol and Methyl acetate.
Methanol
In a semi-static Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test according to OECD Guideline 202 (Dom et al., 2012) young Daphnia magna (less than 24 hours old) were exposed for 96 hours to a linear 1/2 dilution series of 1 - 32 g Methanol/L in nominal. The test solutions were renewed every 24 hours. As a result, the 96-hour EC50 was determined to be 18260 mg/L (nominal).
In an additional study by Lilius et al. (1995) according to OECD 202 the acute toxicity of Methanol to Daphnia magna was assessed under static conditions with at least five test item concentrations (not further specified) for a duration of 24 hours. The 24-hour EC50 was calculated to be 20803 mg/L.
Further, in a static test according to the German Guideline DIN 38412 with Daphnia magna the 48-hour EC50 was found to be > 10000 mg/L (Kuehn et al., 1989).
Methyl acetate
The 48-hour acute toxicity of methyl acetate to Daphnia magna was studied under static conditions. Daphnids were exposed to control, and test chemical at nominal concentrations of 128, 181.02, 256, 362.04, 512, 724.08, 1024, 1448.16, and 2048 mg a.i./L for 48 hours. Immobilization was observed at test termination. The 48-hour EC50 was 1026.7 mg a.i./L. The 48-hour EC0 based on immobilization was 362.04 mg a.i./L (Stuhlfauth, 1994).
Conclusion
Valid information from acute toxicity testing with Daphnia magna is available for the read across source substances Methanol and Methyl acetate. In studies according to OECD guideline 202 with Methanol (Dom et al., 2012; Kuehn, 1989) the EC50 was found to be >10000 g/L. Lilius et al. (1995) reported a 24-hour EC50 of 20803 mg/L. The 48-hour EC50 for Methyl acetate was determined to be 1026.7 mg a.i./L (Stuhlfauth, 1994). By applying a read across approach and under worst-case assumption the EC50 for the target substance is considered to be 1026.7 mg/L.
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