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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 237-067-2 | CAS number: 13598-37-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Ecotoxicological Summary
Administrative data
Hazard for aquatic organisms
Freshwater
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 14.4 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Marine water
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC aqua (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 7.2 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
STP
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC STP
- PNEC value:
- 100 µg/L
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- assessment factor
Sediment (freshwater)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (freshwater)
- PNEC value:
- 146.9 mg/kg sediment dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Sediment (marine water)
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC sediment (marine water)
- PNEC value:
- 162.2 mg/kg sediment dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Hazard for air
Air
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Hazard for terrestrial organisms
Soil
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- PNEC soil
- PNEC value:
- 83.1 mg/kg soil dw
- Assessment factor:
- 1
- Extrapolation method:
- sensitivity distribution
Hazard for predators
Secondary poisoning
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no potential for bioaccumulation
Additional information
A basic assumption made in this hazard assessment and throughout this CSR, (in accordance to the same assumption made in the EU RA process) is that the ecotoxicity of zinc and zinc compounds is due to the Zn2+ ion. As a consequence, all aquatic, sediment and terrestrial toxicity data in this report are expressed as “zinc”, not as the test compound as such, because ionic zinc is considered to be the causative factor for toxicity. A further consequence of this is that all ecotoxicity data obtained on different zinc compounds, are mutually relevant for each other. For that reason, the available ecotoxicity databases related to zinc and the different zinc compounds are combined before calculating the PNECs. The only way zinc compounds can differ in this respect is in their capacity to release zinc ions into (environmental) solution. That effect is checked eventually in the transformation/dissolution tests and may result in different classifications.
An elaborated justification for this read-across approach is attached in IUCLID section 13.
Conclusion on classification
-
Acute M factor = 10
Referring to the acute aquatic ERV values of 41.4 µg Zn/L and 154 µg Zn/L defined for the Zn2+ ion at pH 8 and 6, respectively, the M-Factor for acute aquatic effect of zinc ion is self-assessed as being 10, using the most conservative value obtained at pH 8.
-
Chronic M-factor = 1
Referring to the chronic aquatic ERV values of 11 µg Zn/L and 99 µg Zn/L defined for the Zn2+ion at pH 8 and 6, respectively, the M-factor for chronic aquatic effect of zinc ion is self-assessed as being 1. For this last conclusion, zinc is considered equivalent to being ‘rapidly degradable” in a context of chronic classification.
For the zinc substances, Ecotoxicity Reference Values (ERVs) are based on the soluble ion, Zn2+, and are determined from the extensive datasets on acute and chronic ecotoxicity testing of soluble zinc salts. For details, please refer to IUCLID section 13.2: “Background document – Environmental Effects Assessment of Zinc in the Aquatic Compartment. The Ecotoxicity Reference Values used for classification for acute and chronic aquatic effect at different pH bands are presented in Table 1 (for a detailed description of the setting of the ERVs, see IUCLID section 13.2, IZA 2021 document: “Ecotoxicity Reference Value for Zinc”).
Table 1. Zinc ERVs at different pH bands
Acute | Acute | Chronic | Chronic | |
pH 6 to < 7 | pH 7 to 8 | pH 6 to < 7 | pH 7 to 8 | |
Zn2+ (µg/l) | 154 | 41.4 | 99 | 11 |
Considering these ecotoxicity reference values for the soluble Zn2+ ion and considering zinc and its compounds as equivalent to being rapidly degradable, the classification of the substance for aquatic effect is "Acute 1" (H410: Very toxic to aquatic life) and “Chronic 2” (H411: Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects).
M-factors self-assessment:
For the scientific background documenting
this conclusion, please refer to IUCLID section 13.2: “Removal from the
Water Column_Nov_2021_IZA”.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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