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EC number: 215-127-9 | CAS number: 1304-28-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Carcinogenicity
Administrative data
Description of key information
No increased tumor incidence in mice (NTP, 1994, NOAEL 160 mg/kg bw/day)
No increased tumor incidence in rats (NTP, 1994, NOAEL 60 mg/kg bw/day)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Carcinogenicity: via oral route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 60 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- chronic
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- BaO rapidly hydrolyzes to Ba(OH)2, a strongly alkaline substance, upon contact with water. Barium chloride dihydrate as well soluble barium salt was used to assess the potential of BaO to cause barium toxicity. The study was performed similar to OECD TG 451, is well documented and both rats and mice were tested.
Carcinogenicity: via inhalation route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Carcinogenicity: via dermal route
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Justification for classification or non-classification
No increased incidence of tumors was observed. Therefore, the present data on carcinogenicity do not fulfill the criteria laid down in regulation (EU) 1272/2008, and a non-classification is warrented.
Additional information
BaO rapidly hydrolyzes to Ba(OH)2, a strongly alkaline substance, upon contact with water. Barium chlorid dihydrate and barium oxide share the barium ion as cation which may be the toxophore of the registered compound barium oxide. For details on comparability of the two compunds, please refer to the weight-of-evidence justification.
Only one study addressing barium compound carcinogenicity exists (NTP, 1994). The study was conducted similar to OECD TG 451 (no information on GLP compliance) and investigated the effects of barium chloride dihydrate on F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice. The animals were exposed to 0, 500, 1250, or 2500 ppm barium chloride dihydrate via drinking water continuously for two years.
Compound uptake was determined experimentally and allowed calculation of the absolute compound uptake, which was 0, 15, 30, and 60 mg/kg bw/day for male rats in the different dose level groups and 0, 15, 45, or 75 mg/kg bw/day for female rats. At the end of the 2-year study, the animals in the high dose, but not the 1250 ppm group, showed decreased body weight. There were no chemical-related clinical or pathological findings in any of the dose groups. Further, the tumor incidence was not increased in treated animals compared to controls. Male rats showed decreased incidences of adrenal medullar pheochromocytoma and mononuclear cell leukemia.
The compound uptake of mice was higher than that of rats, corresponding to average daily doses of 0, 30, 75, and 160 mg/kg bw/day for males and 0, 40, 90, and 200 mg/kg bw/day for females. This situation might explain why in mice, but not rats, the high dose level group exhibited signs of toxicity, manifested in increased mortality, decreased body weight, and increased incidence of non-neoplastic kidney lesions. In the 1250 ppm dose level group, these effects were not observed. There was no increase in the incidence of neoplasms in any dose level group. In contrast, the incidence of hepatocellular adenoma was decreased in male mice.
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