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EC number: 471-510-2 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2007-10-24 to 2007-12-05
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted 23 March 2006
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- Version / remarks:
- 29 December 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Remarks:
- As the water solubility of the test substance is <0.02 mg/L and no effects on algae growth was observed in a pretest up to the limit concentration (nominal 100 mg/L), no analytical monitoring was performed during this study.
- Details on sampling:
- NA
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The test medium (reconstituted water as vehivle and test material) was freshly prepared.
The calibrated flask with test material and vehicle, reconstituted water, was treated in an ultrasound bath for 1 hour.
Subsequently, the preparation was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for further 23 hours.
Afterwards, the preparation was filtered through a filter funnel with a pore size of 10-16 µm.
The filtrate was used for the study. - Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- The test system used for this study was a green unicellular algae species, Desmodesmus subspicatus, strain No. SAG 86.81, supplied by the "Sammlung von Algenkulturen, Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universitat Gottingen". This strain is recommended by international guidelines.
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- 250 mg CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 23-24°C
- pH:
- Concentration pH without algae pH with algae
([mg/L] Start End Start End
0 7.87 7.85 7.87 10.14
100 7.78 7.87 7.78 10.15 - Dissolved oxygen:
- 80%
- Salinity:
- for details see composition of reconstituted water "details on test conditions"
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The solution of a nominal test material concentration of 100 mg/L was tested in an open static system.
- Details on test conditions:
- The study was located in an air-conditioned room. Preparations of 100 mL each were continuously shaken in 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks by a pulsating panel. The flasks were completely sealed with sterilized stoppers. The flasks were continuously illuminated for the exposure period by fluorescent tubes installed above the panel containing the flasks.
The test medium (reconstituted water and test material) was freshly prepared. The calibrated flask with test material and vehicle, reconstituted water, was treated in an ultrasound bath for 1 hour. Subsequently, the preparation was stirred with a magnetic stirrer for further 23 hours. Afterwards, the formulation was given to a separating funnel for 6 hours. The middle phase of the preparation was filtered through a filter funnel with a pore size of 10 - 16 um. The filtrate was used for the study.
Volumes of 100 mL reconstituted water or test medium (reconstituted water with test material) were freshly prepared before the algae suspensions were added. The control and the test medium were placed into 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks and covered with sterilized cellulose stoppers.
The flasks were incubated under standardized conditions, in an air-conditioned room under continuous rotating and continuous illumination. The light intensity was approx. 7500 to 9500 Lux. The illumination was achieved by fluorescent tubes (Philips Master tubes TL5 80W/840 HO) instaIled above a rotating panel with the flasks.
The experimental part was started by inoculation of algae to the different groups so that the flasks contained about 10,000 cells/mL. The algae were taken from an exponentially growing preculture (growth rate 120.7) which was set up 3 days prior to the experimental part under the same conditions as in the final study.
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 300 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 mL
- Initial cells density: 10,000 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 1,061,451 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
- Details on composition of the reconstituted water:
Macro-nutrients:
50.00 mg/L NaHCO3
18.00 mg/L CaCl2 x 2 H2O
15.00 mg/L NH4Cl
15.00 mg/L MgSO4 x 7 H2O
12.00 mg/L MgCl2 x 6 H2O
1.60 mg/L KH2PO4
Trace elements:
100.00 µg/L Na2EDTA x 2 H2O
80.00 µg/L FeCl3 x 6 H2O
415.00 µg/L MnCl2 x 4 H2O
185.00 µg/L H3BO3
7.00 µg/L Na2MoO4 x 2 H2O
3.00 µg/L ZnCl2
1.50 µg/L CoCl2 x 6 H2O
0.01 µg/L CuCl2 x 2 H2O
The pH of the reconstituted water after aeration is approximately 8.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: no
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: continuously
- Light intensity and quality: 7500 to 9500 Lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: electronic particle counter
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Limit test
- Range finding study: yes
- Test concentrations: 100 mg/L (nominal) - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- Pretest
In a pretest under static conditions, inhibition of the growth rate of the algae, Desmodesmus subspicatus, was not observed at a concentration of nominally 100 mg/L.
Main study
In the control group, the factor of cell growth was approx. 106.
The algae increased from 10,000 cells/mL at the start to 1,061,451 cells/mL after 72 hours. For more details on the results see attachment. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- An aqueous preparation of nominal 100 mg/L of the test item revealed no toxic effect in the test system. Therefore, the 72 hours EC50 could not be determined, because it exceeded the maximum solubility of the test material in reconstituted water (analytical EC50> 0.02 mg/L).
- Executive summary:
Purpose
The purpose of this assay was to identify the aquatic toxicity potential of the test substance in algea to provide a rational basis for hazard estimation for the test item in aquatic environments.
Study Design
The influence of the test material on the growth and growth rate of the green algae species Desmodesmus subspicatus was tested.
The study design included one control and one test material group with three replicates, each containing 100 mL reconstituted water or test medium and about 10,000 cells/mL at the start of the experimental phase.
The study was performed as a limit test in an open static test system. The algae were exposed to a filtrate of nominal 100 mg/L.
The growth of the algae was calculated after 24, 48, and 72 hours exposure in the test medium.
ResultsThe analysis of the saturated aqueous preparation revealed that the water solubility of the test item in reconstituted water was < 0.02 mg/L. An exact value could not be determined. The test material concentration in the aqueous medium could not be quantified since it was below the limit of quantification.
After exposure of Desmodesmus subspicatus for 72 hours the following results were obtained:
Mean cell density per mL Growth inhibition
(0-72 h)Nom. mg/L 0 hour 24 hours 48 hours 72 hours IA Iµt 0 10000 62388 236833 1061451 100 10000 68161 244403 1388583 IA -11,0 -4,8 -26,2 -22,0 -5,8
IA= inhibition of growth in percent
Iµt= inhibition of growth rate in percent
Nom. = nominal concentration
For the test material, the following ECS0 values and no effect concentration for Desmodesmus subspicatus were determined:
72 h EbC50> 0.02 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L)
72 h ErC50 > 0.02 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L)
NOEC > 0.02 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L)
Conclusion
An aqueous preparation of nominal 100 mg/L of the test substance revealed no toxic effect in the test system. Therefore, the 72 hours EC50 could not be determined, because it exceeded the maximum solubility of the test material in reconstituted water (EC50> 0.02 mg/L).
Reference
see attached table
Description of key information
An aqueous preparation of nominal 100 mg/L of the test substance revealed no toxic effect in the test system. Therefore, the 72 hours EC50 could not be determined, because it exceeded the maximum solubility of the test material in reconstituted water (EC50> 0.02 mg/L).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Purpose
The purpose of this assay was to identify the aquatic toxicity potential of the test substance in algea to provide a rational basis for hazard estimation for the test item in aquatic environments.
Study Design
The influence of the test material on the growth and growth rate of the green algae species Desmodesmus subspicatus was tested.
The study design included one control and one test material group with three replicates, each containing 100 mL reconstituted water or test medium and about 10,000 cells/mL at the start of the experimental phase.
The study was performed as a limit test in an open static test system. The algae were exposed to a filtrate of nominal 100 mg/L.
The growth of the algae was calculated after 24, 48, and 72 hours exposure in the test medium.
Results
The analysis of the saturated aqueous preparation revealed that the water solubility of the test item in reconstituted water was < 0.02 mg/L. An exact value could not be determined. The test material concentration in the aqueous medium could not be quantified since it was below the limit of quantification.
After exposure of Desmodesmus subspicatus for 72 hours the following results were obtained:
Mean cell density per mL | Growth inhibition (0-72 h) | ||||||
Nom. mg/L | 0 hour | 24 hours | 48 hours | 72 hours | IA | Iµt | |
0 | 10000 | 62388 | 236833 | 1061451 | |||
100 | 10000 | 68161 | 244403 | 1388583 | |||
IA | -11,0 | -4,8 | -26,2 | -22,0 | -5,8 |
IA= inhibition of growth in percent
Iµt= inhibition of growth rate in percent
Nom. = nominal concentration
For the test material, the following ECS0 values and no effect concentration for Desmodesmus subspicatus were determined:
72 h EbC50> 0.02 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L)
72 h ErC50 > 0.02 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L)
NOEC > 0.02 mg/L (nominal >100 mg/L)
Conclusion
An aqueous preparation of nominal 100 mg/L of the test substance revealed no toxic effect in the test system. Therefore, the 72 hours EC50 could not be determined, because it exceeded the maximum solubility of the test material in reconstituted water (EC50> 0.02 mg/L).
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