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EC number: 701-160-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- march 2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
no data - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations:
Range finding test: 1, 35, 50 and 100 mg/L in dilution water
Definitive test: limit test at 100 mg/L
- Sampling method:
For the range finding test:
Suspensions of GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 were directly prepared for each concentration by weighing the convenient amounts of test item into 100 mL of dilution water and adjusting to 5 L in the test tanks.
Final tested concentrations were as follow: 1, 35, 50 and 100 mg/L.
For the definitive test:
The 100 mg/L suspension of GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 was directly prepared by weighing the convenient amount of test item into 100 mL of dilution water and adjusting it to 5 L in the test tanks.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis:
an axial propeller stirring device is used in order to maintain GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 in suspension. - Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method:
The stock solution was prepared by dispersing the test item in reconstituted water made up by diluting pure mineral salts (analytical grade) in ultra-pure water according to the composition described in the OECD 203 Guideline. The test solutions were then prepared by diluting the stock solutions in reconstituted water.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): dilution water
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 is known to be insoluble. - Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Strain:Danio rerio (Teleostei, Cyprinidae).
- Source:Aquatrade France (44150 Ancenis).
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD):date of birth stated by the supplier: 29/09/09
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD):(determined by measuring 10 randomly sampled fish), 3.2 ± 0.3 cm.
- Method of breeding:no data
- Feeding during test: no data
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period:
The fish were placed under the test conditions (medium, identical or lower biological loading, temperature, lighting, etc.) 20 days before the beginning of the test. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- According to the standard medium:
CaCl2, 2H2O: 11.76 g per litre of water, MERCK Ref. 1.02382.5000 batch A935182902
MgSO4, 7H2O: 4.93 g per litre of water, MERCK Ref. 1.05886.1000 batch A975086904
NaHCO3: 2.59 g per litre of water, MERCK Ref. 1.06329.0500 batch K39347429847
KCl: 0.23 g of per litre of water, MERCK Ref. 1.04936.0250 batch K37429936851 - Test temperature:
- The temperature, which was measured on a continuous basis in a test flask, was 20.1 ± 1°C.
- pH:
- pH between 7.46 and 7.87
The pH did not vary by more than 1 unit.
The pH was measured at the beginning and at the end of the test, at the highest concentration and in the control vessel. - Dissolved oxygen:
- Dissolved oxygen between 93 and 99 %.
The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the test vessels remained above 60 % of the air saturation value at the end of the test.
The dissolved O2 was measured at the beginning and at the end of the test, at the highest concentration and in the control vessel. - Salinity:
- Fresh water test
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentrations:
1, 35, 50, 100 mg/L for the preliminary test.
100 mg/L for the definitive test (limit test). - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: test tanks with a nominal capacity of 5 litres.
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume:
Physico-chemical parameters were measured using a METTLER TOLEDO 345 pH-meter for measurement of pH and with a WTW OXI 538 oxymeter for dissolved oxygen measurement.
Each tank is equipped with an axial propeller stirring device in order to maintain GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 in suspension. The appearance of the test solutions was visually checked: most of the tiest item particles remains as suspension.
Volume of test medium per tank was 5 L.
- Aeration: no data
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): no data
- No. of organisms per vessel:
For the preliminary test: 5 fishes/aquarium
For the definitive test: 10 fishes/auarium
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates):
2 replicates test chambers were maintained in each treatment.
- No. of vessels per control (replicates):
2 replicates test chambers were maintained in control goup.
- Biomass loading rate: no data
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:
Chemical reagents used for the preparation of dilution water are of « analytical grade ».
Dilution water is prepared according to the protocol described in Annex 2 of OECD guideline n°203:
The following stock solutions are prepared:
Dilution water is obtained by adding 25 mL of each of the stock solutions in a final volume of 1 litre and then aerating the solution until oxygen saturation.
Sum of Ca and Mg ions in dilution water is of 2.5 mmol/L and ratios of Ca/Mg et Na/K are 4 and 10 respectively.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 12 hours of darkness per 24 h.
- Light intensity: between 400 and 800 lux at the surface of the aquariums. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: no
- Mortality of control: no - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- LC50-24h=250 mg/L - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Validity criteria:
·The mortality in the control did not exceed 10 per cent at the end of the test;
·The concentration of dissolved oxygen in the test vessels remained above 60 % of the air saturation value at the end of the test;
Deviations from the guideline: none
·The pH did not vary by more than 1 unit. - Executive summary:
The determination of the mortality of fish exposed to GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 for a duration of 96 hours was assessed according to the OECD Guideline 203.
Fish were exposed under static conditions to 100 mg/L of GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 dispersed in dilution water (limit test).
The concentrations of test item causing a 50 % mortality at 24-, 48-, 72- and 96-h (LC50) were estimated. The results are as follows:
LC50 -24h, LC50 -48h, LC50 -72h and LC50 -96h determined are > 100 mg/L.
Furthermore, no mortality was observed at any tested concentration. LC0 -96h > 100 mg/L
Reference
Description of key information
Acute toxicity to fish of GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 MWCNTs was assessed according to OECD TG 203.
Fish were exposed under static conditions to 100 mg/L of GRAPHISTRENGTH C100 dispersed in dilution water (limit test).
No mortality was observed: LC50-96h > 100 mg/L and LC0 -96h > 100 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
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