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EC number: 297-672-2 | CAS number: 93686-22-7 Extractives and their physically modified derivatives such as tinctures, concretes, absolutes, essential oils, oleoresins, terpenes, terpene-free fractions, distillates, residues, etc., obtained from Citrus reticulata, x C. sinensis, Rutaceae.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- other: Known constituent approach
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2015
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- Tangerine oil is a Natural Complex Substance (NCS). With 97% of the constituents of Tangerine oil known, this NCS can be considered as a well defined NCS. Tangerine oil typically consists for 88% (80-90%) of d-limonene and a range of minor constituents. If the constituents of the NCS are readily biodegradable, the NCS itself is readily biodegradable as well.
- Justification for type of information:
- No test result on the biodegradation of Tangerine oil is available. According to the NCS Protocol (The Registration for REACH of Natural Complex Substances used as Fragrance Ingredients Revision 2, January 7, 2009 and EFEO/IFRA Guidelines on the Environmental Assessment of Natural Complex Substances (NCS) Version 01, May 26, 2016), the assessment of the biodegradability of a NCS can be based on a constituent approach.
The read across justification is attached under 'background material' - Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 310 (Ready Biodegradability - CO2 in Sealed Vessels (Headspace Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Assessment of the Ready biodegradability of the known constituents; addition of the percentage of readily biodegradable constituents in the mixture gives the fraction of ready biodegradable substances. If this fraction exceeds 75%, the NCS is classified as 'readily biodegradable'.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- mixture of sewage, soil and natural water
- Remarks:
- several guideline tests with different inocula were used
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- >= 60
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Decanal, γ-Terpinene, Linalool
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- >= 60
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- D-limonene,a-Pinene, b-pinene, Citral, b-Myrcene
- Details on results:
- Details for all constituents are summarised in window "Any other information on results" and in attached document
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Tangerine oil is considered as readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
Tangerine oil is a Natural Complex Substance (NCS) for which 97% of the constituents is identified. Tangerine oil typically consists for 88 % of d-limonene (range 80 -90%). Other constituents are alicyclic and aliphatic terpenoids. As no valid empirical results from a test for the ready biodegradation of Tangerine oil are available, the assessment is based on its constituents. The assumption is that if the constituents of the NCS are readily biodegradable, the NCS itself is readily biodegradable as well.
All identified constituents, comprising 97% of the compostions of this NCS are readily biodegradable.
Therefore, Tangerine oil is considered as readily biodegradable.
Reference
Assessment of the biodegradability of TANGERINE OIL:
All identified constituents, totalling 97% of the composition, are readily biodegradable, see underlying data in table below.
Constituent |
Results of biodegradation assessment |
|
D-limonene C10H16 |
READILY BIODEGRADABLE: - Headspace CO2: 71.4% (Quest 1993). The biodegradability of perfume ingredients in the sealed vessel test. - MITI (I) / OECD 301C, improved for volatile substance: Limonene 14d - BOD: 41, 81, 98% Direct analysis: GC: 100%; TOC 50, 73, 81% (MITI 1980 http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/sitemap/db_map_e.html) - Readily biodegradable (Misra, G.; Pavlostathis, S. G.; Perdue, E. M.; Araujo, R. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (1996), 45(6), 831-838.)
|
|
alpha-Pinene C10H16
|
READILY BIODEGRADABLE: - OECD301B, sealed vessels: 62% (28d), 70% (42d) (Astra Zeneca, 2001, ECB PBT#84 http://ecb.jrc.ec.europa.eu/documents/PBT_EVALUATION/PBT_sum084_CAS_91770-80-8.pdf). - MITI (I) / OECD 301C: 28d - BOD: 91, 90, 95% Direct analysis: GC: 100, 100, 100% (MITI 2007: http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/sitemap/db_map_e.html)
|
|
beta-pinene C10H16 |
READILY BIODEGRADABLE: Read-across froma-Pinene, based on structural analogy Supporting evidence from: - OECD301B, sealed vessels Gum turpentine (50.9% alpha-pinene, 36.8% beta-pinene): 52% mineralisation in 28d (Astra Zeneca, 2001, ECB PBT#84). This high level of biodegradation cannot be caused by degradation only ofa-pinene, so alsob-pinene is degraded.
|
|
γ-Terpinene C10H16 |
READILY BIODEGRADABLE - MITI (I) / OECD 301C, improved for volatile substance: 28 d - BOD: 94% Direct analysis: TOC 77%, GC: 100% (MITI 1988) Remarks: - The test substance changed partially to form p-Isopropylbenzoic acid. Supporting evidence from: - Readily biodegradable: aerobic, soil inoculum, disappearance of parent monitored with some supporting CO2 / biomass data (Misra, G.; Pavlostathis, S. G.; Perdue, E. M.; Araujo, R. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (1996) 45(6): 831-838) |
|
beta-Myrcene C10H16O |
READILY BIODEGRADABLE: - OECD 310 Carbon Dioxide Headspace test: CO2 production: 73% (Van Ginkel 2009) - MITI (I) / OECD 301C, improved for volatile substance: 14d - BOD: 86% Direct analysis: GC: 99%; TOC: 97% (MITI 1987: http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/sitemap/db_map_e.html)
|
|
Linalool
|
READILY BIODEGRADABLE: - OECD 301C: 80% (Givaudan 1991) - OECD Modified 301B, sealed CO2: 97.1% (QUEST 1994) - Readily biodegradable (Misra, G.; Pavlostathis, S. G.; Perdue, E. M.; Araujo, R. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (1996), 45(6), 831-838.) - MITI (I) / OECD 301C: 28d - BOD: 90% Direct analysis: TOC 99% GC: 100%; (MITI 1996 http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/sitemap/db_map_e.html)
|
|
Citral | READILY BIODEGRADABLE: - Modified 301B, sealed vessels CO2: 92.1% in 28 d (Quest 1994) - MITI (I) / OECD 301C, improved for volatile substance (Citral is mixture of neral and geranial): 28d - BOD: 92% Direct analysis: TOC: 78%; GC: 100% The test substance formed 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one (2-2480) and Geranic acid in (Water + Test Substance) system. (MITI 1991: http://www.safe.nite.go.jp/sitemap/db_map_e.html) |
|
Decanal | READILY BIODEGRADABLE: - OECD 301D Closed Bottle test: BOD 66% (14d) AND |
|
Fraction of NCS readily biodegradable |
The complete asssessment is added attached to this study record. Studies mentioned by Company Name are included in the RIFM database.
Description of key information
Tangerine oil is a Natural Complex Substance (NCS) for which 97% of the constituents is identified. Tangerine oil typically consists for 88 % of d-limonene (range 80 -90%). Other constituents are alicyclic and aliphatic terpenoids. As no valid empirical results from a test for the ready biodegradation of Tangerine oil are available, the assessment is based on its constituents. The assumption is that if the constituents of the NCS are readily biodegradable, the NCS itself is readily biodegradable as well. All identified constituents, comprising 97% of the compostions of this NCS are readily biodegradable. Therefore, Tangerine oil is considered as readily biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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