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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 225-202-8 | CAS number: 4712-55-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Toxicological Summary
- Administrative data
- Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
- Workers - Hazard via dermal route
- Workers - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - workers
- General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
- General Population - Hazard via dermal route
- General Population - Hazard via oral route
- General Population - Hazard for the eyes
- Additional information - General Population
Administrative data
Workers - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.53 mg/m³
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 50
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 15 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEC
- Value:
- 26.45 mg/m³
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
Corrected inhalation NOAEL = oral NOAEL x (1/sRVrat)[1]x (ABSoral-rat/ ABSinhl-human)
= 15 mg/kg/day x (1 / 0.38m3kg-18hr-1) x (1/1)[2]
Corrected inhalation NOAEL = 39.47 mg/m3for 8hr
Corrected Inhalation NOAEL (workers) = 39.47 x (sRVhuman/ wRV)[3]
= 39.47 x (6.7 / 10)
Corrected Inhalation NOAEL (workers) = 26.45 mg/m3for 8hr
[1]Standard respiratory volume (rat) = 0.38 m3/kg for 8 hours.
[2]Inhalation absorption in humans is equal to the oral absorption in rats (both assumed to be 100%).
[3]Standard respiratory volume (human) = 6.7 m3for 8 hours; worker respiratory volume = 10 m3for 8 hours.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Standard AF for subchronic to chronic. The fact that the duration of exposure (70 days) is less than 90 days has been addressed with the database AF.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 1
- Justification:
- Already addressed in dose conversion.
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Standard AF.
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Standard AF.
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 2
- Justification:
- An additional factor is being added to address the fact that the repeat-dose exposures are 70 days, less than standard 90 days exposures for this endpoint.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Workers - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 0.15 mg/kg bw/day
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- repeated dose toxicity
- Route of original study:
- Oral
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 200
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 15 mg/kg bw/day
- Modified dose descriptor starting point:
- NOAEL
- Value:
- 30 mg/kg bw/day
- Explanation for the modification of the dose descriptor starting point:
No dermal repeated-dose studies are available. Route-to-route extrapolation was therefore used to convert the NOAEL identified in an oral study in rats (15 mg/kg/d) to an equivalent dermal NOAEL. To convert the oral NOAEL to a dermal NOAEL, the registrants assumed an oral absorption of 100% in rats and a dermal absorption of 50% in humans.
Corrected dermal NOAEL = oral NOAEL x (ABSoral-rat/ ABSdermal-human)
= 15 mg/kg/day x (1/0.5)
Corrected dermal NOAEL = 30 mg/kg/day
Whilst there is no specific measured information on TPP dermal absorption, there is quite a bit of information on dermal absorption as it relates to Kow. At a log Kow of 6.6, TPP’s dermal absorption would be expected to be very low. We believe assuming even 50% dermal absorption is a very conservative assumption for TPP given the guidance and literature on this endpoint. ECHA considers a default of 10% dermal absorption for substances with a log Kow >4 and the NIOSH dermal absorption model does not consider dermal absorption relavant for chemicals with log Kow >5.
The likelihood of systemic exposure from dermal exposure to TPP is further lowered by the localised skin effects, which will limit contact time and skin expsoure.
- AF for dose response relationship:
- 1
- AF for differences in duration of exposure:
- 2
- Justification:
- Standard AF for subchronic to chronic. The fact that the duration of exposure (70 days) is less than 90 days has been addressed with the database AF.
- AF for interspecies differences (allometric scaling):
- 4
- Justification:
- Standard AF
- AF for other interspecies differences:
- 2.5
- Justification:
- Standard AF
- AF for intraspecies differences:
- 5
- Justification:
- Standard AF
- AF for the quality of the whole database:
- 2
- Justification:
- An additional factor is being added to address the fact that the repeat-dose exposures are 70 days, less than standard 90 days exposures for this endpoint.
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- no hazard identified
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 11.7 µg/cm²
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 30
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LOAEL
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- DNEL (Derived No Effect Level)
- Value:
- 11.7 µg/cm²
- Most sensitive endpoint:
- sensitisation (skin)
DNEL related information
- Overall assessment factor (AF):
- 30
- Dose descriptor starting point:
- other: LOAEL
Workers - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- medium hazard (no threshold derived)
Additional information - workers
The toxicological properties of diphenyl phosphonate (DPP) are expected to be very similar to those of triphenyl phosphite (TPP). This is explained more fully in the paper attached in Section 13 of this dossier. The DNELs derived in this assessment are based on TPP's DNELs.
Acute Systemic Effects
TPP has a lower order of acute toxicity compared to the repeat-dose study. As such, a DNEL for acute toxicity is unnecessary as the long-term DNEL will be sufficient to ensure that adverse effects do not occur. Consequently, no worker-DNELs for acute toxicity have been calculated.
DNEL for Dermal Local Effect
The basis for the local dermal DNEL is the LLNA EC3 of 1.4% (Harlan 2010). The same DNEL is provided for both acute and long-term exposure. TPP will be classified as skin irritant and a skin sensitiser, so dermal exposure to the worker should be minimal due to dermal PPE (e.g., gloves). Basis for DNEL is as follows:
DNEL = EC3[%] * 250 [µg/cm²/%] / AF = 1.4% * 250 µg/cm²/% / 30 = 11.7 µg/cm²
DNELS for Long-Term Systemic Effects
The basis for the systemic DNELs is the NOAEL of 15 mg/kg/day (rats) from the repeat dose toxicity study (Tyl 2004).
General Population - Hazard via inhalation route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard via dermal route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
Local effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
General Population - Hazard via oral route
Systemic effects
Long term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Acute/short term exposure
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
DNEL related information
General Population - Hazard for the eyes
Local effects
- Hazard assessment conclusion:
- hazard unknown but no further hazard information necessary as no exposure expected
Additional information - General Population
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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