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EC number: 214-183-1 | CAS number: 1111-67-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 06 December 1988 to 21 July 1989
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted with internationally accepted guidelines but not conducted to GLP.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
- Report date:
- 1990
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 72-2 (Aquatic Invertebrate Acute Toxicity Test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Copper thiocyanate
- EC Number:
- 214-183-1
- EC Name:
- Copper thiocyanate
- Cas Number:
- 1111-67-7
- Molecular formula:
- CHNS.Cu
- IUPAC Name:
- copper thiocyanate
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Storage condition of test material: Ambient temperature
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Aliquots of Daphnia Synthetic Medium were removed from each stock solution at the beginning of the definitive test and from each tank at the end of the study. Concentrations of Cuprous Thiocyanate were determined under IRI protocol 337633.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- A 100 ppm stock suspension was prepared by adding a weighed amount of Cuprous Thiocyanate to Daphnia Synthetic Medium and making up to the appropriate volume. The Cuprous Thiocyanate was partly dissolved to produced a suspension by stirring overnight using a magnetic stirrer (Initial Limit Test), or by standing in a sonic water bath for 60 min (Second Limit Test and Definitive Test). In the definitive test, the stock suspension was passed through Whatman No. 3 Filter Paper to remove undissolved test material. The resulting solution was used to prepare test tanks.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: Daphnia magna (water flea)
- Source: Bred within the laboratory.
- Age at study initiation: Between 6 and 24 h old
- Method of breeding: Bred by acyclical parthenogenesis.
- Feeding during test: Not fed throughout the duration of the study.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- The total hardness of a sample of the distilled water used to prepare Daphnia Synthetic Medium in this study was measured as 0 mg/L as CaCO3.
- Test temperature:
- The temperature was measured in one replicate of each test treatment throughout the test. Tanks and test vessels containing Daphnia were held within the laboratory at a temperature of 23-26°C, which is outwith the range of 18-22°C and maximum deviation of ±1°C stated under IRI Protocol. These deviations are not believed to affect the validity of the study. Table 1 in 'Any other information on materials and methods' provides details on the measured temperature at each concentration.
- pH:
- pH was measured in one replicate of each test treatment throughout the test. Table 1 in 'Any other information on materials and methods' provides details on the measured pH at each concentration.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Dissolved oxygen was measured in one replicate of each test treatment throughout the test. Table 1 in 'Any other information on materials and methods' provides details on the measured dissolved oxygen content at each concentration.
- Conductivity:
- Conductivity was measured in one replicate of each test treatment throughout the test. Table 1 in 'Any other information on materials and methods' provides details on the measured conductivity at each concentration.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Table 2 provides details on measured and calculated concentrations (see 'Any other information on materials and methods').
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass construction and covered by glass or perspex plate, with ventilation holes to prevent dust contamination.
- Type: Closed
- Fill volume: 100 ml
- Aeration: The water is aerated 2 hours before use.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: Vessels were maintained with a photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h dark, illumination being provided by artificial daylight fluorescent tubes.
Effect parameters measured: Number of immobile Daphnia per concentration, recorded at 24 and 48 h following commencement of definitive study. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.038 other: ppm
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% Confidence level
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.02 other: ppm
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% Confidence level
- Details on results:
- The 48 h LC50 value was calculated graphically as 0.02 ppm (see Figure 1) in illustration (graph/picture). The values are based on the mean measured concentration of Cuprous Thiocyanate in the highest tested concentration and calculated in the remaining test solutions.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Values of the median lethal concentration (LC50) at 24 and 48 h were determined from immobilisation data using probit analysis.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Limit Tests
In an initial test after 24 h exposure, 100% mortalities were observed in a suspension prepared at a nominal concentration of 100ppm Cuprous Thiocyanate. No mortalities were observed at 0 (Control) ppm.
In a further test after 24 h exposure, 30% mortalities were observed in a suspension prepared at a nominal concentration of 10 ppm Cuprous Thiocyanate. No mortalities were observed in tanks prepared by filtering a suspension prepared at a nominal concentration of 10 ppm Cuprous Thiocyanate. 10 % mortalities were observed at 0 (Control) ppm.
Definitive Study
The numbers of dead Daphnia recorded during the study are detailed in Table 3. The LC50 values at 24 and 48 h, with 95% confidence intervals, were calculated by probit analysis:
95% Confidence Level (ppm) | |||
Time (h) | LC50 Value (ppm) | Lower Limit | Upper Limit |
24 | 0.0379 | 0.0276 | 0.0502 |
48 | 0.0203 | 0.0151 | 0.0254 |
The 48 h LC50 value was also calculated graphically as 0.02 ppm (see figure 1 in section "Illustrations (graph/picture)".
These values are based on the mean measured concentrations of Cuprous Thiocyanate in the highest tested concentration and calculated concentrations in the remaining test solutions.
Table 3: Determination of Acute Toxicity (LC50) to Daphnia (48h. Static) - Cumulative Number of Mortalities Recorded
Calculated Concentration of Cuprous Thiocyanate (ppm)* | ||||||
Time (h) | 0 | 0.014 | 0.029 | 0.058 | 0.115 | 0.230 |
24 | 0 | 3 | 9 | 11 | 18 | 20 |
48 | 0 | 6 | 13 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
* = Concentrations were calculated from that measured in the highest tested concentration and the dilution factors used to prepare the remaining test solutions.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The acute toxicity (EC50) of Cuprous Thiocyanate to Daphnia magna was determined to be 0.0379 ppm at 24 hours and 0.0203 ppm at 48 hours.
- Executive summary:
The acute toxicity (EC50) of Cuprous Thiocyanate to Daphnia (Daphnia magna) over a 48 h period, under static conditions, was determined. Test solutions were prepared after removing undissolved Cuprous Thiocyanate, by filtration of a suspension prepared at a nominal concentration of 100 ppm. The intercept and dose response curve and hence EC50 (with 95% confidence limits) were estimated by applying the standard technique of maximum likelihood estimation to the probit model.
Results are as follows:
95% Confidence Intervals (ppm) Time (h) EC50 Value (ppm) Lower Limit Upper Limit 24 0.0379 0.0276 0.0502 48 0.0203 0.0151 0.0254 These values are based on the mean measured concentration of Cuprous Thiocyanate in the highest tested concentration and calculated concentrations in the remaining test solutions.
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