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EC number: 207-050-4 | CAS number: 428-59-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Neurotoxicity
Administrative data
Description of key information
Inhalation: OECD 422; rats. NOAEC = 1000/500 ppm (6800/3400 mg/m3). No statistically significant effects were observed in neurobehavioral parameters examined at the highest concentration tested. Reliability = 1.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Effect on neurotoxicity: via inhalation route
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- neurotoxicity: sub-chronic inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD Guideline 422
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Study included FOB and motor activity endpoints
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EPA OPPTS 870.3650 (2000)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Study included FOB and motor activity endpoints
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Crl:CD(SD)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: gas
- Vehicle:
- other: other: filtered and conditioned air
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- Exposures for males and females were conducted for the 14 day premating period. Subsequently, males and non-pregnant females were exposed through to the terminal sacrifice. Exposures for females with evidence of mating were conducted during the cohabitation period (up to 2 weeks in duration) and during gestation days 0–19. Gestating P1 females were not exposed after gestation day 19.
Premating period - 14 days exposure
Cohabitation - Up to 14 days exposure
Postcohabitation Exposure:
Males - Up to test days 36–37
Females with no evidence of mating - 19 days (approximate)
Gestation - (GD 0-19)
Lactation - No exposure (LD 0-4) - Frequency of treatment:
- All exposures were conducted for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week during the premating period. Beginning at the mating (cohabitation) period, exposures were conducted for 6 hours/day, 7 days per week. Lactating dams were not exposed.
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 50, 250, 1000/500 ppm (the high level concentration was reduced to 500 ppm on test day 9 [exposure #7])
Basis:
nominal conc. - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 12 animals/sex/dose
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Details on results:
- There were no test substance-related effects or statistically significant differences on forelimb grip strength in either males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. There were no test substance-related effects on hindlimb grip strength in males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. There were no test substance-related effects or statistically significant effects for any behavioral parameter evaluated in males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. A test substance-related decrease in total duration of movement and total number of movements was observed in females in the 1000/500 ppm group at the premating evaluation. Although not statistically significant, the decreases were 26% and 25% lower compared to the control values for total duration of movement and total number of movements, respectively. There were no test substance-related or statistically significant effects on duration of movement or number of movements in males exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance.
Refer to Section 7.5.2 Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation: DI.K1.28Day.InhGas.RD/REPRO/DEV.R.D-20964.KD for additional details of repeated dose systemic toxicity findings. Refer to Section 7.8.1 Toxicity to reproduction: DI.K1.1Gen.Screen.RD/REPRO/DEV.R.D-20964.KD for reproductive toxicity findings. Refer to Section 7.8.2 Developmental toxicity/teratogenicity: DI.K1.DEV.Screen.RD/REPRO/DEV.R.D-20964.KD for developmental toxicity findings. - Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Remarks:
- neurobehavioural
- Effect level:
- 250 ppm (nominal)
- Sex:
- female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: Test substance-related decreases in motor activity were observed in 1000/500 ppm females.
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Remarks:
- neurobehavioural
- Effect level:
- >= 500 ppm (nominal)
- Sex:
- male
- Basis for effect level:
- other: No effects were observed at 100/500 ppm, the highest concentration tested.
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Conclusions:
- Test substance-related decreases in motor activity were observed in 1000/500 ppm females.
- Executive summary:
A combined repeated dose toxicity study with reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test was conducted with the test substance. Crl:CD(SD) rats (12/sex/concentration) were exposed whole body to 0, 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm. Due to excessive toxicity, the 1000 ppm concentration was reduced to 500 ppm beginning on exposure 7 (test day 9). Exposures for males and females were conducted for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week from the initiation of the study through the 14 day premating period. Subsequently, males and non-pregnant females were exposed 7 days a week through the terminal sacrifice. Exposures for females with evidence of mating were conducted for 6 hours per day, 7 days per week during the cohabitation period (up to 2 weeks in duration) and during gestation days 0–19. Gestating P1 females were not exposed after gestation day 19. An abbreviated neurobehavioral evaluation consisting of a functional observational battery and motor activity was conducted in P1 rats (12/sex/group) once during pretest and prior to cohabitation. Clinical pathology parameters were measured in P1 rats (5/sex/group) at the end of the premating period (hematology, clinical chemistry) and at terminal sacrifice (coagulation). All P1 rats were given a gross pathological examination and selected tissues were weighed and collected from all adult rats.
There were no test substance-related effects or statistically significant differences on forelimb grip strength in either males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. There were no test substance-related effects on hindlimb grip strength in males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. There were no test substance-related effects or statistically significant effects for any behavioral parameter evaluated in males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. A test substance-related decrease in total duration of movement and total number of movements was observed in females in the 1000/500 ppm group at the premating evaluation. Although not statistically significant, the decreases were 26% and 25% lower compared to the control values for total duration of movement and total number of movements, respectively. There were no test substance-related or statistically significant effects on duration of movement or number of movements in males exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEC
- 3 400 mg/m³
- Study duration:
- subchronic
- Species:
- rat
Additional information
Crl:CD(SD) rats (12/sex/concentration) were exposed whole body to 0, 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm. Due to excessive toxicity, the 1000 ppm concentration was reduced to 500 ppm beginning on exposure 7 (test day 9). An abbreviated neurobehavioral evaluation consisting of a functional observational battery and motor activity was conducted in P1 rats (12/sex/group) once during pre-test and prior to cohabitation. There were no test substance-related effects or statistically significant differences on forelimb grip strength in either males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. There were no test substance-related effects on hindlimb grip strength in males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. There were no test substance-related effects or statistically significant effects for any behavioural parameter evaluated in males or females exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance. A non-statistically significant test substance-related decrease in total duration of movement and total number of movements was observed in females in the 1000/500 ppm group at the premating evaluation.There were no test substance-related or statistically significant effects on duration of movement or number of movements in males exposed to inhalation concentrations of 50, 250, or 1000/500 ppm of the test substance.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The test substance did not adversely affect neurobehavioral function. These data do not require classification according the EU Directive 67/548/EEC and EU Classification, Labelling and Packaging of Substances and Mixtures (CLP) Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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