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EC number: 203-403-1 | CAS number: 106-49-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1994-1997
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP - Guideline study
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 998
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- p-Toluidine - CAS No: 106-49-0 - SIDS Initial Assessment Report.
- Author:
- OECD
- Year:
- 2 005
- Bibliographic source:
- UNEP Publications
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- This standard procedure also fulfils the requirenments of ISO 6341 and 92/69/EEC standard methods.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Details on method:
In total 17 aniline compounds were tested for inhibition of the mobility of the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna. - GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- p-toluidine
- EC Number:
- 203-403-1
- EC Name:
- p-toluidine
- Cas Number:
- 106-49-0
- Molecular formula:
- C7H9N
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-methylaniline
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): p-Toluidine
- CAS No.: 106-49-0
- Supplier: Merck
- Lot. No.: 380216
- Purity [%]: >99
- Storage condition of test material: in the dark at 3-5 °C at VKI (testing laboratory).
The test substances were received in the period from December 1993 to February 1994.
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples from the control and from the lowest, medium and highest test concentrations were taken at the beginning of the test and after 24 hours, as well as at the beginning and end of the second exposure period (at 24 hours and 48 hours). For some substances 50 ml and for others 200 ml test solution was transferred directly to a 50 ml, respectively a 200 ml measuring flask and spiked with 250 µl of a 100 ppm solution of aniline-d5 in methanol as an internal standard. 0.5 ml, respectively 2.0 ml of 6 M NaOH was added in order to increase the pH-level above 11, and 5 or 20 g NaCl was added to facilitate out-salting of the test substance. As organic phase, tert-butyl methyl ether was added until a total of about 1 ml non-aqueous phase, and the mixture was vigorously shaken for 5 minutes. After separation of the phases, the organic phase was sampled and stored at 4°C until transportation to the analyzing laboratory, DTI Kemiteknik.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Freshly produced ISO-medium was used in the tests. The medium was prepared from deionised water, and salts were added to the water according to the standard procedure (ISO 6341). The pH was adjusted to 7.8 ± 0.1 and the hardness to 250 ± 25 mg/l expressed as CaCO3. An appropriate amount of test substance was weighed into the test medium. In order to facilitate the dissolution, the mixture was ultrasonicated for 5 min. followed by magnetic stirring for 22 hours. After settling of possible remaining particles for 1-2 hours, aliquots were sampled from the mid-fraction of the stock solution for preparation of the individual test concentrations.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- breeding of Daphnia magna:
A strain of Daphnia magna (Straus) was isolated from Lake Langedam, Birkerod in 1979 and has been cultured at VKI since then. The animals are cultured in water from Lake Bradebaek at 20°C and fed three times every day with Selenastrum or Chlorella and a supply of yeast once or twice every week. Every week, a new culture is started with young animals.
senstivity of Daphnia magna:
The relative sensitivity of this strain is in the same order of magnitude as other clones of Daphnia magna as demonstrated in the international ring test (OECD, 1995). In addition according to the method, 24 h acute toxicity tests on the reference substance potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) were performed regularly to check the sensitivity of the test animals. The refence substance was tested in the following nominal concentrations: 0.4, 0.7, 1.0, 1.4, 2.0, and 3.0 mg/l.
Young Daphnia magna (less than 24 hours old) from this culture were used in the tests.
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 250 ± 25 mg/l
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 1 °C (continuous recodring during test)
- pH:
- Control: 7.9 (0 h), 7.9 (24 h), 7.9 (48 h)
0.40 mg/l: 8.1 (0 h), 7.8 (24 h), 7.9 (48 h)
0.80 mg/l: 8.1 (0 h), 7.8 (24 h), 7.9 (48 h)
1.60 mg/l: 8.1 (0 h), 7.8 (24 h), 7.9 (48 h) - Dissolved oxygen:
- Control: 96 (0 h), 98 (24 h), 99 (48 h)
0.40 mg/l: 95 (0 h), 98 (24 h), 99 (48 h)
0.80 mg/l: 95 (0 h), 98 (24 h), 98 (48 h)
1.60 mg/l: 95 (0 h), 98 (24 h), 98 (48 h) - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentrations: 0 (control), 0.02, 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40, 0.80, and 1.60 mg/l
measured concentrations:
control: 0.0344 mg/l (meas. mean 0-24h)
control: 0.0172 mg/l (meas. mean 24-48 h)
0.02 mg/l: 0.0063 mg/l (meas. mean 0.24 h)
0.02 mg/l: 0.00485 mg/l (meas. mean 24-48 h)
0.2 mg/l: 0.13895 mg/l (meas. mean 0-24 h)
0.2 mg/l: 0.13585 mg/l (meas. mean 24-48 h)
1.6 mg/l: 1.07155 mg/l (meas. mean 0-24 h)
1.6 mg/l: 1.078125 mg/l (meas. mean 24-48 h) - Details on test conditions:
- A light-dark cycle with 16 h light and 8 h darkness was maintained throughout the test period.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.67 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL: 0.57-0.81
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.12 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL: 0.10-0.16
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.497 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL: 0.321-0.641
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL: 0.85-1.21
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC90
- Effect conc.:
- 1.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL: 1.28->1.6
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 0.073 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL: 0.013-0.103
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.183 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL: 0.152-0.230
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC90
- Effect conc.:
- 0.293 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: CL: 0.244-0.387
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC50 values based on both nominal and measured concentrations for the acute toxicity of p-toluidine and the reference substance (K2Cr2O7) were calculated by using the standard procedure Probit (SNV, Version 2.3).
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Executive summary:
Pedersen (1998):
A test on the acute toxicity of p-toluidine to the invertebrate Daphnia magna was performed according to the OECD TG 202 in a semistatic test system. For a test period of 48 hours an EC50 value of 0.12 mg/l based on measured concentrations was reported (Pedersen et al., 1998).
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