2-amino-4-nitrophenol

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: data is from publication

Justification for type of information:

data is from publication

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: as mentioned below

Principles of method if other than guideline:

To evaluate acute lethal toxicity of test material on Daphnia pulex

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia pulex

Details on test organisms:

-Source: Plant Toxicology Department, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
-age: 24 h after hatching
-Acclamation: Before the
experiment, the test organisms were acclimatized in aquaria
for 2 weeks

-Food type: fed with yeast

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

4 h

Hardness:

215 mg/l CaCO3

Test temperature:

25° ± 1 C

pH:

6.6

Dissolved oxygen:

4.9 mg/l

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

- Test vessel: 250-mL beaker
-fill volume: 100 ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: 20
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 6

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

4 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

0.039 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Mortality of daphnia was observed after an incubation period of 4 h.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The median lethal concentration LC50 was observed to be 0.039 mg/l

Executive summary:

The evaluation of acute lethal toxicity of test material on Daphnia pulex was performed , test organism was obtained from Plant Toxicology Department, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung, TaiwanBefore the experiment, the test organisms were acclimatized in aquaria for 2 weeks. Twenty daphnia, within 24 hr after hatching, were introduced in each 250-mL beaker containing100 mL of test chemical solution with different concentrations. Six different concentrations, 0, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 mg/l . Mortality of daphnia was observed after an incubation period of 4 h. Sub lethal concentration (LC50) values were calculated by the trimmed Spearman Karber method.The median lethal concentration LC50 was observed to be 0.039 mg/l. Based on the above effect concentration it can considered that test material is highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:

The evaluation of acute lethal toxicity of test material on Daphnia pulex was performed , test organism was obtained from Plant ToxicologyDepartment, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung, TaiwanBefore the experiment, the test organisms were acclimatized in aquaria for 2 weeks. Twenty daphnia, within 24 hr after hatching, were introduced in each 250-mL beaker containing100 mL of test chemical solution with different concentrations. Six different concentrations, 0, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 mg/l . Mortality of daphnia was observed after an incubation period of 4 h. Sub lethal concentration (LC50) values were calculated by the trimmed Spearman Karber method.The median lethal concentration LC50 was observed to be 0.039 mg/l. Based on the above effect concentration it can considered that test material is highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates. Based on the EC50, it can be concluded that the test chemical was toxic and be consider to be classified in aquatic acute category 1.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

0.039 mg/L

Additional information

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrate:

Toxicity to aquatic invertebrate for the test material was described based on the data in peer reviewed journal and data from structurally similar read across substances. The evaluation of acute lethal toxicity of test material on Daphnia pulex was performed , test organism was obtained from Plant ToxicologyDepartment, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung, TaiwanBefore the experiment, the test organisms were acclimatized in aquaria for 2 weeks. Twenty daphnia, within 24 hr after hatching, were introduced in each 250-mL beaker containing100 mL of test chemical solution with different concentrations. Six different concentrations, 0, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 mg/l . Mortality of daphnia was observed after an incubation period of 4 h. Sub lethal concentration (LC50) values were calculated by the trimmed Spearman Karber method.The median lethal concentration LC50 was observed to be 0.039 mg/l. Based on the above effect concentration it can considered that test material is highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates.

Another data for structurally similar read across substance was used to support the above data ,The evaluation of acute lethal toxicity of test material on Daphnia pulex was performed , test organism was obtained from Plant ToxicologyDepartment, Taiwan Agricultural Chemicals and Toxic Substances Research Institute, Taichung, TaiwanBefore the experiment, the test organisms were acclimatized in aquaria for 2 weeks. Twenty daphnia, within 24 hr after hatching, were introduced in each 250-mL beaker containing100 mL of test chemical solution with different concentrations. Six different concentrations, 0, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 mg/l . Mortality of daphnia was observed after an incubation period of 4 h. Sub lethal concentration (LC50) values were calculated by the trimmed Spearman Karber method.The median lethal concentration LC50 was observed to be 0.087 mg/l. Based on the above effect concentration it can considered that test material is highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates.

The above study was further supported by data of another structurally similar read across substance from an authoritative database, acute Immobilization effect of test material to Daphnia magna was studied in accordance with the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test and Reproduction Test). Test conducted in the semi-static system for the total exposure period of 48hrs. Sample analyzed by the HPLC with the frequency of analysis at the start of exposure, before renewal of test solution. Toxicity measured at the nominal concentration 10, 4.0, 1.60, 0.640, 0.256, 0.102 mg/L (geometric ratio 2.5), control. 100 mL per vessel test solution volume was added, on 5 daphnia magna per vessel (20 per concentration) toxicity was checked. Results after 24-hour exposure at 50 % Effective concentration (EC50) for immobilization was 1.79 mg/L (95 % CL: 1.28 - 2.57 mg/L). After 48-hour exposure No observed effect concentration (NOEC) for immobilization was 0.256 mg/L, and Lowest concentration causing 100 % immobility at 1.60 mg/L. Based on the immobility of daphnia magna due to the exposure of chemical , the EC50 for 48hrs of exposure was 0.447 mg/l.

Based on the EC50, it can be concluded that the test chemical was toxic and be consider to be classified in aquatic acute category 1.