Pentanickel octahydroxide carbonate

Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other

Administrative data

Endpoint:

direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Provided for informational purposes.

Cross-reference

Cross-reference 1

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Cross-reference 2

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Asthma induced by nickel.

Author:

Block, G.T. and M. Yeung.

Year:

1982

Bibliographic source:

JAMA. 247(11):1600-1602.

Materials and methods

Study type:

clinical case study

Endpoint addressed:

respiratory sensitisation

Test guideline

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Nickel sulphate

EC Number:

232-104-9

EC Name:

Nickel sulphate

Cas Number:

7786-81-4

IUPAC Name:

nickel(2+) sulfate

Method

Type of population:

occupational

Subjects:

TEST SUBJECT: 60-year old metal polisher, former smoker, history of contact dermatitis, recent episodes of shortness of breath, and no history of allergies. Asthma symptoms encountered included repeated episodes of dyspnea, wheezing, and cough. His job consisted of grinding surface irregularities on the nickel surface of bumpers. The patient generally wore gloves, but rarely wore a mask.

Ethical approval:

not specified

Route of exposure:

inhalation

Reason of exposure:

unintentional, occupational

Exposure assessment:

not specified

Details on exposure:

not reported

Examinations:

Prick tests were conducted with various common allergens, as well as nickel sulfate solutions prepared in sterile distilled water at
concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 mg/ml. Distilled water was used as a control. Other tests conducted included scratch/intradermal tests,
patch tests, in vitro erythrocyte tests, immunological tests, and inhalation tests. A person with asthma, but no history of nickel exposure, was used as a control subject.

Medical treatment:

none

Results and discussion

Clinical signs:

Asthma symptoms encountered included repeated episodes of dyspnea, wheezing, and cough.

Results of examinations:

The patient had a positive reaction during skin prick tests to nickel sulphate at 100 mg/ml (the control was negative). The patient's patch test was negative and he had no reaction to any of the common allergens tested. There was an immediate response to workplace dust after exposure for 8 minutes, and an immediate reaction to nickel sulfate in bronchoprovocation tests. Methacholine inhalation tests showed increased bronchial activity before specific challenge.

Outcome of incidence:

The authors reported that the patient's asthma was due to exposure to nickel in the workplace.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Executive summary:

STUDY RATED BY AN INDEPENDENT REVIEWER.