Titanium carbide

Skin sensitisation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

2012-07-31 to 2012-10-23

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2012

Report date:

2012

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Version / remarks:

22 July 2010

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Version / remarks:

30 May 2008

Test guideline 3

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EPA OPPTS 870.2600 (Skin Sensitisation)

Version / remarks:

March 2003

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of study:

mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Titanium carbide

EC Number:

235-120-4

EC Name:

Titanium carbide

Cas Number:

12070-08-5

Molecular formula:

CTi

IUPAC Name:

methanidylidynetitaniumylium

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Remarks:

migrated information: powder

Details on test material:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Titanium carbide
- Substance type: active substance
- Physical state: solid
- Analytical purity: > 99%
- Batch No.: 82496
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature

Specific details on test material used for the study:

TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Based on the results of a solubility test, the maximum technically applicable concentration was found to be 50% (w/v) in 4:1 (v/v) acetone/olive oil. Preparations of the test item at concentrations of 12.5%, 25% and 50% were made in 4:1 (v/v) acetone/olive oil.

In vivo test system

Test animals

Species:

mouse

Strain:

other: CBA/CaOlaHsD

Sex:

female

Details on test animals and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan Winkelmann, 33178 Borchen, Germany
- Females nulliparous and non-pregnant: yes
- Age at study initiation: 8-9 weeks
- Housing: full barrier in an air-conditioned room
- Diet: ad libitum, Altromin 1234
- Water: ad libitum, tap water sulphur acidified to a pH value of approx. 2.8
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 ± 3
- Humidity (%): 55 ± 10
- Air changes (per hr): at least 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12

Study design: in vivo (LLNA)

Vehicle:

acetone/olive oil (4:1 v/v)

Concentration:

12.5, 25 and 50% (w/v) in vehicle

No. of animals per dose:

5

Details on study design:

RANGE FINDING TESTS:
- Compound solubility: a solubility test was carried out, that showed 50% test substance in vehicle was the max possible concentration to be applied.
- Irritation:the animals were observed for local irritation at the application site. No signs of dermal irritation were observed.
- Lymph node proliferation response: no assessment

MAIN STUDY
ANIMAL ASSIGNMENT AND TREATMENT
- Criteria used to consider a positive response: ratios of 3H-methyl thymidine incorporation into lymph node of test group animals relative to that for control animals (Stimulation index)≥ 3 would be characterized as a positive response. The proliferative response was expressed as the number of radioactive disintegrations per minute per lymph node (DPM/NODE).

TREATMENT PREPARATION AND ADMINISTRATION: 25 µl of the test substance in acetone/olive oil 4:1 was applied on the entire doral ear area of each animal. The application was repeated daily, for three consecutive days. Five days after the 1st application 250 µL 20 µCi 3H-methyl thymidine was injected intrevenously to all mice (diluted concentration: 80 µCi/mL). All animals were sacrificed five hours after the aforementioned injection. The draining ear lymph nodes were excised into PBS and single cell suspension of lymphocyte was isolated. Cells were precipitated with 5% trichloroacetic acid at 4 °C for 18 hours.The radioactivity was measured in a ß-counter.

Positive control substance(s):

other: phenylenediamine

Statistics:

No

Results and discussion

Positive control results:

The positive control induced an appropriate response (Mean Stimulation Index: 10.7).

In vivo (LLNA)

Results

Results 1

Parameter:

SI

Value:

1.8

Test group / Remarks:

Concentration: 12.5 %

Remarks on result:

other: respectively Positive control: 10.7

Results 2

Parameter:

SI

Value:

1.7

Test group / Remarks:

Concentration: 25 %

Remarks on result:

other: respectively Positive control: 10.7

Results 3

Parameter:

SI

Value:

1.9

Test group / Remarks:

Concentration: 50 %

Remarks on result:

other: respectively Positive control: 10.7

Results 4

Parameter:

other: disintegrations per minute (DPM)

Remarks on result:

other: negative control: 552.1 ± 58.8, positive control: 9563.2 ± 756.2 test group: 1002.1 ± 328.2, 936.4± 22.5, 1048.1 ± 155.5

Any other information on results incl. tables

No effects were observed on the body weights and the lymph node weights of the animals tested with titanium carbide. No other signs of toxicity were seen in any of the animals.

Table 1: Mean weight of lymph nodes.

Group	Mean of test group
12.5% TiC in vehicle	3.2
25% TiC in vehicle	3.0
50% TiC in vehicle	3.3
Negative control	2.8

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Titanium carbide is not sensitizing to the mouse skin under the conditions of this LLNA study.

Executive summary:

In this dermal sensitization study with titanium carbide in acetone/olive oil 4:1 (v/v), young adult female CBA/CaOlaHsD mice were tested using the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA). 25 µl of the test substance in solvent were applied on the entire dorsal ear surface of each animal. The following concentrations were used: 12.5, 25 and 50%. Acetone/olive oil 4:1 was used as negative control. Phenylenediamine was tested as a positive control in a prior assay. The application was repeated daily for three consecutive days. The doses applied were selected based on a pre-screening assay. Five days after the 1st application 250 µL 20 µCi 3H-methyl thymidine was injected intravenously to all mice (diluted concentration: 80 µCi/mL). All animals were sacrificed five hours after the aforementioned injection. The draining ear lymph nodes were excised into PBS and single cell suspension of lymphocyte was isolated. Cells were precipitated with 5% trichloroacetic acid at 4 °C for 18 hours.The radioactivity was measured in a ß-counter.

Stimulation indices (ratio of 3H-methyl thymidine incorporation into lymph node of test animals relative to that for control animals)≥ 3 were considered a positive response. The results revealed the following SI: 1.8, 1.7 and 1.9 for the concentrations of 12.5, 25 and 50%, respectively. No signs of toxicity were detected in any of the treated animals. In this study, Titanimum carbide is not a dermal sensitizer.