Benzenesulfonic acid, mono-C11-13-branched alkyl derivs., sodium salts

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Tests were conducted to compare the acute toxicity oral of BABS Na salt versus LAS. Results indicate they are comparable, supporting the use of LAS as an analogue.  BABS Na salt oral LD50=520 mg/kg bw; dermal LD50=1000 mg/kg bw.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via oral route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: oral

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Well documented journal article.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Hagan, EC (1959). Acute toxicity. In: Appraisal of the Safety of Chemicals in Foods, Drugs and Cosmetics. pp. 17-25. Assoc. of Food and Drug Officials of the US, Bureau of Food and Drugs, Texas State Dept. of Health, Austin, Texas.

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

Study performed in 1965 prior to implementation of GLP.

Limit test:

no

Species:

rat

Strain:

other: FDRL

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: young adult
- Fasting period before study: overnight

Route of administration:

oral: gavage

Vehicle:

water

Details on oral exposure:

VEHICLE
- Concentration in vehicle: 10% dispersion in water, LAS was also given in a 40% dispersion
- Purity: distilled water

Doses:

graded doses
LAS: 0.6, 1.58 g/kg

No. of animals per sex per dose:

3 rats of each sex per dose

Control animals:

yes

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: observations for behaviour, appearance and survival were made daily; weighings were performed on days 0, 7, and 14
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes

Statistics:

LD50 calculated by the method of Miller, LC, and Tainter, ML. (1994). Estimation of the ED50 and its error by means of logarithmic-probit graph paper. Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 57, 261-264.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

0.52 other: g/kg

Based on:

act. ingr.

95% CL:

0.424 - 0.614

Remarks on result:

other: BABS Na salt

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

0.65 other: g/kg

Based on:

act. ingr.

95% CL:

0.587 - 0.713

Remarks on result:

other: LAS

Mortality:

No effects.

Clinical signs:

other: At the high LAS dose, a high incidence of diarrhea was noted. Animals that died during the study showed weakness and reduced activity prior to death.

Gross pathology:

No effects.

Interpretation of results:

Category 4 based on GHS criteria

Remarks:

Migrated information

Conclusions:

The acute oral LD50 for BABS Na salt in rats is 520 mg/kg bw. This places BABS Na salt in toxicity category 4.

Executive summary:

Groups of 3 male and 3 female rats were administered various doses of BABS Na salt or LAS. The animals were oberseved for 14 days for survival, behaviour, and appearance. In addition, body weights were taken on days 0, 7, and 14. The LD50 for BABS Na salt was 520 mg/kg, and the LD50 for LAS was 650 mg/kg. The LD50s for LAS and BABS Na salt were not statistically different. This demonstrates that LAS is a suitable analog for BABS Na salt regarding toxicity.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

520 mg/kg bw

Quality of whole database:

The single available study has a reliability rating of 2.

Acute toxicity: via inhalation route

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Acute toxicity: via dermal route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: dermal

Type of information:

migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: GLP laboratory study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

no

Species:

rat

Strain:

Wistar

Sex:

male/female

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Hoechst AG, Kastengrund, SPF breeding colony
- Age at study initiation: males, approx. 7 weeks; females, approx. 8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: males, mean = 197 g; females, mean = 193 g
- Fasting period before study: yes
- Housing: Makrolon Type 4 cages on soft wood granulate in groups of 5 animals in fully air-conditioned rooms
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum, Atlromin 1324 rat diet
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum, tap water in plastic bottles
- Acclimation period: Not necessary

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 +/- 3 C
- Humidity (%): 55 +/- 20%
- Air changes (per hr): Not stated
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12:12 dark:light

Type of coverage:

occlusive

Vehicle:

other: sesame oil

Details on dermal exposure:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 30 cm2
- Type of wrap if used: aluminum foil held in place with an elastic plaster bandage

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): washed with warm water
- Time after start of exposure: 24 hours

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 4 mL/kg bw
- Concentration (if solution): 25, 40 and 50% for doses 1000, 1600 and 2000 mg/kg bw, respectively
- Constant volume or concentration used: yes

Duration of exposure:

24 hours

Doses:

1000, 1600, and 2000 mg/kg bw

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5 males for each of the 1000 and 1600 mg/kg bw doses; 5 males and 5 females for the 2000 mg/kg bw dose

Control animals:

not specified

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Symptoms and lethality recorded twice per day (morning and afternoon) on weekdays and once daily on weekends and holidays. Animals found dead were dissected as soon as possible and examined fro macroscopically visible changes. During the observation period the animals were weighed weekly.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes. Surviving animals were sacrificed at the end of the observation period, dissected, and examined for macroscopically visible changes.

Sex:

male/female

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Effect level:

> 1 000 - < 1 600 mg/kg bw

Based on:

test mat.

Mortality:

Mortality was observed at doses of 1600 and 2000 mg/kg bw, but not at 1000 mg/kg bw (see table). Lethality was noted only up to day three of the study.

Clinical signs:

other: Besides unspecific symptoms, the animals showed impairments of respiration, motility and reflexes. They also exhibited stupor, prone position, trembling, hypothermia, narrowed palpebral fissures, and blood-encrusted snouts. These symptoms disappeared in

Gross pathology:

At necropsy, blood in the intestinal tract and diffuse reddening of the stomach mucosa were observed in animals found dead. Light or dark discolorations of the liver occurred in two dead male animals of the 2000 mg/kg bw group. No macroscopically visible changes were observed in surviving animals that were sacrificed at the end of the observation period.

Dose mg/kg bw	Lethality
	Male		Female
	Number	Percent	Number	Percent
1000	0/5	0	-	-
1600	5/5	100	-	-
2000	4/5	80	3/5	60

Interpretation of results:

Toxicity Category IV

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

The acute dermal LD50 of phenylsulfonat CA is between 1000 and 1600 mg/kg bw.

Executive summary:

The acute dermal toxicity of Branched CaDDBS (Phenylsulfonat CA) was tested in male and female Wistar rats at doses of 1000, 1600 and 2000 mg/kg bw. Lethality was observed in the 1600 and 2000 mg/kg bw doses but not in the 1000 mg/kg bw dose. All lethality had occurred by day three of the post application observation period. Other signs of toxicity included impairments of respiration, motility and reflexes, as well as stupor, prone position, trembling, hypothermia, narrowed palpebral fissures, and blood-encrusted snouts, all of which had disappeared by eight days post application. The skin showed erythema, fine and coarse scales, desquamations and scars, as well as discoloration, induration, chapping, scabbing and lumpiness. No effects on body weight gain were observed. The resultant acute dermal LD50 is >1000 and <1600 mg/kg bw.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed

Dose descriptor:

LD50

Value:

1 000 mg/kg bw

Additional information

The endpoint records reflect data from BABS Na salt where available. In cases where data is not available, data on analogues substances are used. The analogue substances used included: 1) the sodium salt of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (commonly known as LAS or Na-LAS); and 2) the calcium salt of branched alkylbenzene sulfonate (commonly known as Branched CaDDBS). LAS is the sodium salt of linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid with alkyl carbon chain lengths ranging from C10 to C13 and averaging 11.6. The primary structure is a C10 to C13 linear alkyl chain with a para-substituted benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt group attached at any of the secondary alkyl carbon positions. Branched CaDDBS is the calcium salt of branched alkylbenzene sulfonic acid with alkyl chain lengths ranging from C11 to C13. The primary difference between LAS and BABS Na salt is the alkyl chain, branched vs. linear. The primary difference between Branched CaDDBS and BABS Na salt is the salt, calcium vs. sodium. Given their structural and functional similarities, LAS and Branched CaDDBS are good analogues for read-across for instances where data are available on them but not on BABS Na salt. When studies on both analogues are available, all data are provided and the most conservative (most health protective) data is used for classification and labeling.

Tests were conducted to compare the acute oral toxicity of BABS Na salt and LAS. Groups of 3 male and 3 female rats were administered various doses of BABS Na salt or LAS. The animals were observed for 14 days for survival, behaviour, and appearance. In addition, body weights were taken on days 0, 7, and 14. The LD50 for BABS Na salt was 520 mg/kg, and the LD50 for LAS was 650 mg/kg. The LD50s for LAS and BABS Na salt were not statistically different. This demonstrates that LAS is a suitable analog for BABS Na salt regarding toxicity.

Based on read across from studies with Branched CaDDBS and LAS, the dermal LD50 for BABS Na salt is LD50 = > 1000 - <1600 mg/kg.

Justification for selection of acute toxicity – oral endpoint

The selected oral toxicity study is the only acute toxicity study available for BABS Na salt.

Justification for classification or non-classification

BABS Na salt is classified as Category 4 for both oral and dermal toxicity under the CLP regulation for oral (LD50 = 520 mg/kg) and dermal (LD50 = > 1000 - < 1600 mg/kg) toxicity; DSD classification is R21/R22, harmful in contact with skin and harmful if swallowed.