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EC number: 483-310-2 | CAS number: 101023-55-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2004-12-13 to 2005-01-04
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- Read-across from imidazole hydrobromide to imidazole hydroiodide is justified since both substances only differ in the respective counterion iodide or bromide. Both anions iodide and bromide are quite similar concerning toxicological behaviour and thus do not influence the toxicological results received.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 005
- Report date:
- 2005
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 A (Ready Biodegradability: DOC Die Away Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (1992)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-A (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) Die-Away Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (1992)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- , signed March 2003
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1H-Imidazole hydroiodide
- Cas Number:
- 68007-08-9
- Molecular formula:
- C3H4N2*HI
- IUPAC Name:
- 1H-Imidazole hydroiodide
- Test material form:
- solid
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Imidazolhydroiodid
- Solubility in water: > 500 g/L
- pH in aqueous solution: 3.5 - 4.5 at concentrations of 50 g/L
Constituent 1
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- sewage, predominantly domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Method of cultivation: aerobic
- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: wastewater treatment plant, ARA Ergolz II, Füllinsdorf, Switzerland
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The wet sludge was suspended in test water to obtain a concentration of 4 g dry material/L. The final concentration of 30 mg dry material/L was reached by further dilution.
- Pretreatment: The sludge was washed twice with tap water by centrifugation. An aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed and the ratio of wet to dry weight was calculated after drying.
- Concentration of sludge: 4 g dry material/L with a final test concentration of 30 mg dry material/L - Duration of test (contact time):
- 21 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- 170 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- DOC removal
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Mineral nutrienr solution according to OECD 301
- Test temperature: 22 - 23 °C
- pH: at test start: 7.4; at test end: for test item : 7.3 - 7.4; for procedure control: 7.5; for inoculum control: 7.3; for abiotic control: 7.3; for toxicity control: 6.9
- pH adjusted: if necessary, adjusted with sodium hydroxide to pH 7.4
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 2000-mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 bottles for test item, procedure control and inoculum blank each; 1 bottle for abiotic and toxicity control each
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: sludge was areated at room temperature until use.
- Measuring equipment: TOC Analyser equipped with an autosampler (Shimadzu TOC-5000A)
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Samples were taken on Day 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21.
- Sampling method: One sample of about 10 mL. Prior to sampling, if necessary water evaporation losses were compensated by addition of purified water. Samples were filtered (0.45 µm filter) and the first 3-4 mL were discarded.
- Sample storage before analysis: No, analysed on the day of sampling.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Inoculum in medium
- Abiotic sterile control: 170 mg/L test item + 10 mg/L mercury dichloride
- Toxicity control: 170 mg/L test item + 50 mg/L reference item (sodium benzoate) + inoculum
- Other: Procedure control: 50 mg/L reference item + inoculum
STATISTICAL METHODS: Calculations performed acc. to OECD 301 A
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
Results and discussion
- Test performance:
- No unusual observations.
% Degradationopen allclose all
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 97
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Parameter:
- % degradation (DOC removal)
- Value:
- 90
- Sampling time:
- 21 d
- Details on results:
- In the flasks containing test item and inoculum, the concentration of DOC decreased from initially 30.9 mg/L to 1.1 - 3.1 mg/L after 14 days and after 21 days, respectively.
In the abiotic control no significant elimination of DOC occured.
In the procedure control, the reference item (sodium benzoate) was completely biodegraded within three days.
In the toxicity control, the biodegradation amounted to 97% within 14 days. No inhibition of activated sludge was observed.
BOD5 / COD results
- Results with reference substance:
- In the procedure control, the reference item (sodium benzoate) was completely biodegraded within three days.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Percentage biodegradation corrected for the inoculum controls (except for the abiotic control)
Time (d) |
Percentage biodegradation |
|||||||
Test item |
Procedure control |
Abiotic control |
Toxicity control |
|||||
Flask No. |
|
Flask No. |
|
Flask No. |
||||
9 |
10 |
mean |
3 |
4 |
mean |
11 |
12 |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
3 |
6 |
4 |
100 |
103 |
101 |
101 |
3 |
54 |
7 |
7 |
50 |
101 |
100 |
101 |
101 |
-4 |
98 |
10 |
95 |
97 |
99 |
100 |
99 |
99 |
-2 |
98 |
14 |
97 |
97 |
101 |
102 |
101 |
101 |
-2 |
97 |
21 |
88 |
92 |
99 |
101 |
100 |
100 |
-3 |
93 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- In a ready biodegradability DOC die-away test according to OECD 301A (1992) and EU method C.4-A (1992), the mean biodegradation of Imidazolhydroiodid was measured to be 90-97 % between Days 10 and 21 days of exposure. In the toxicity control, the test item was found to be non inhibiting to activated sludge with a decrease of 97 % of initial DOC within 14 days.
Therefore, the test substance is considered to be readily biodegradable by fullfilling the pass level of >70% removal of DOC and not inhibitoring to microorganisms by fullfilling the pass level of > 35 % degradation in the toxicity test.
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