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EC number: - | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- other: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From April 9 to 20, 2018
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- Source study has reliability 1. Details on the read across are available in section 13.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations analysed in preliminary test: 5 and 100 mg/L.
- Concentrations analysed in definitive test: 21 and 100 mg/L.
- Time: beginning and end of the test. Samples for analysis (0 hours) were prepared and immediately delivered in transport box to analytical laboratory; samples were analysed on the day of delivery. Samples for analysis (48 hours) were delivered to analytical laboratory immediately after the end of testing; samples were analysed on the day of delivery.
- Storage: all samples were stored at laboratory temperature. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Stock solution of test substance was prepared in dilution water. 50 mg of test substance was weighed into 500 ml of dilution water for the preliminary test and 100 mg of test substance was weighed into 1000 ml of dilution water for the definitive test. The stock solution was ultrasonicated for 5 minutes.
Concentrations of solutions used in the preliminary and definitive test were obtained by dilution of the stock solution with dilution water.
Preliminary test
The stock solution of the test item in dilution water was prepared for the preliminary test. The test was performed in a range of nominal concentrations from 1 mg/l to 100 mg/l. Test solutions were prepared by dosing of appropriate volumes of the stock solution into volumetric flasks and replenishment up to mark with dilution water. Control test was performed concurrently with dilution water only. The test was performed in four replicates. The volume of the test solution was 50 ml in each test beaker. 5 animals were put into each beaker. The daphnia immobilisation was observed and recorded after 24 and 48 hours. At the beginning and at the end of the test, ambient temperature, the oxygen content and pH value were measured. The conductivity of deionised water and content of Ca and Mg ions in dilution water were measeured at the beginnign of the test. The test was performed as static.
Definitive test
Test solutions were prepared by dosing of appropriate volumes of stock solution into volumetric flasks and replenishment up to mark with dilution water. The geometric concentration series of test substance with factor 1.6 was used for the test. Control test was carried out concurrently with dilution water only. The test was performed in four replicates. The volume of test solution was 50 ml in each test beaker. 5 animals were put into each beaker. Total number of daphnia used for each test concentration and control was 20. The daphnia immobilisation was observed after 24 and 48 hours. At the beginning and at the end of the test, ambient temperature, oxygen content and pH value were measured. The test was performed as static.
The stock solution of the test item in dilution water was prepared for the definitive test. The definitive test was performed in a range of nominal concentrations from 21 mg/l to 100 mg/l. The test solutions were prepared by dosing of appropriate volumes of stock solution into volumetric flasks and replenishment up to mark with dilution water. The geometric concentration series of the test item with factor 1.3 was used for the test. Control test was carried out concurrently with dilution water only. The test was performed in four replicates. The volume of the test solution was 50 ml in each test beaker. 5 animals were put into each beaker. Total number of daphnia used for each test concentration and control was 20. The daphnia immobilisation was observed and recorded after 24 and 48 hours. At the beginning and at the end of the test, the ambient temperature, the oxygen content and pH value were measured. The conductivity of deionized water and content of Ca and Mg ions in dilution water were measured at the beginning of the test.
The test was performed as static. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Feeding during test: no
- Holding and culturing: M4 medium
- Test medium: dilution water (according to Annex 2 of EU method C.2)
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 48 h prior to start of the test
- Acclimation conditions: same as test - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- Preliminary test: 2.54 mmol/l in dilution water - Definitive test: 2.52 mmol/l in dilution water
- Test temperature:
- Preliminary test: 22 - 20.4°C - Definitive test: 20.7 - 20.3°C - Measured at start and end of test.
- pH:
- Preliminary test: 7.7 and 8.0 - Definitive test: 7.5 and 7.8 - Measured at start and end of test.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Preliminary test: 7.4 - 7.7 mg/L - Definitive test: 7.6 - 8.2 mg/L - Measured at start and end of test.
- Conductivity:
- Preliminary test: 1.18 µS/cm - Definitive test: 1.60 µS/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations - preliminary test: 100, 50, 10, 5, 1 mg/L and control - Nominal concentrations - definitive test: 100, 77, 59, 45, 35, 27, 21 mg/L and control
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
Dilution water was prepared just before the test by admixing 2.5 ml of stored solutions A, B, C and D into 1000 ml of deionised water
A. 117.6 g CaCl2×2H20 in 1 L deionised water
B. 49.3 g MgSO4×7H2O in 1 L deionised water
C. 25.9 g NaHCO3 in 1 L deionised water
D. 2.3 g KCl in 1 L deionised water
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: immobilisation after 24 and 48 h
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 100, 50, 10, 5, 1 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes
QUALITY CRITERIA
1. Immobilisation in the controls must not exceed 10 % at the end of the test
2. Dissolved oxygen concentrations (throughout the test) should remain above 3 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 84.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: Probit analysis
- Details on results:
- QUALITY CRITERIA
1. Immobilisation in the control was 0%.
2. The lowest value of dissolved oxygen concentration measured in the study was 7.4 mg/L.
EC50 (24h) > 100 mg/L
EC50 (48h) = 84.2 mg/L (95% confidence limit: 70.3 – 114.1 mg/L)
EC0 (24h) = 59 mg/L
EC0 (48h) = 27 mg/L
EC100 (24h) > 100 mg/L
EC100 (48h) > 100 mg/L - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- EC50 (24h) = 1.10 mg/L
EC50 (48h) = 0.77 mg/L - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- EC0 (48h) = 27 mg/L - EC50 (48h) = 84.2 mg/L - EC100 (48h) > 100 mg/L
- Executive summary:
Method:
A study on daphnia magna was carried out according to OECD guideline 202 under static exposure conditions.
A preliminary test was performed at nominal concentrations of 100, 50, 10, 5, 1 mg/l and control. Concentrations used in main test were chosen on the basis of preliminary results and were: 100, 77, 59, 45, 35, 27, 21 mg/l and control. In both preliminary and main test, exposure duration was 48 hours; observations for effects on mobility were done at 24 and 48 h after start of exposure. Tests were run using 20 daphnids per concentration divided into 4 replicates.
Analytical monitoring of test concentrations was done at 5 and 100 mg/l in the preliminary test and at 21 and 100 mg/l in the main test, at 0 h and 48 h after start.
Results:
Analytical results showed that the substance concentration varied slightly more than ± 20%. As the increase was only ca. 6% above the limit, nominal concentrations were also used for all evaluations.
Effects on mobility were:
EC50 (24h) > 100 mg/L
EC50 (48h) = 84.2 mg/L (95% confidence limit: 70.3 – 114.1 mg/L)
EC0 (48h) = 27 mg/L
EC100 (48h) > 100 mg/L
Reference
Immobilisation of daphnia - preliminary test
time | replicate | concentration | |||||
100 | 50 | 10 | 5 | 1 | control | ||
mobile animals at 24 h | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
total | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | |
% immobilisation at 24 h | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
mobile animals at 48 h | 1 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
2 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
4 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
total | 8 | 10 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | |
% immobilisation at 48 h | 60 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Concentrations - preliminary test
nominal conc. mg/l | determined conc. 0 h mg/l | determined conc. 48 h mg/l | change of test item conc. in interval 0-48 h (% of initial conc.) |
5 | 4.2 | 5.3 | + 26.2 % |
100 | 90.6 | 78.7 | - 13.1 % |
Immobilisation of daphnia - definitive test
time | replicate | concentration | |||||||
100 | 77 | 59 | 45 | 35 | 27 | 21 | control | ||
mobile animals at 24 h | 1 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
2 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
3 | 5 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
total | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | |
% immobilisation at 24 h | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
mobile animals at 48 h | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
3 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | |
total | 9 | 10 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 20 | 20 | 20 | |
% immobilisation at 48 h | 55 | 50 | 25 | 20 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Concentrations - definitive test
nominal conc. mg/l | determined conc. 0 h mg/l | determined conc. 48 h mg/l | change of test item conc. in interval 0-48 h (% of initial conc.) |
21 | 20.3 | 25.5 | + 25.6 % |
100 | 99.2 | 125.4 | +26.4 % |
Description of key information
EC50 (48h) = 84.2 mg/L
EC0 (48h) = 27 mg/L
EC100 (48h) > 100 mg/L
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect concentration:
- 84.2 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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